Dislocation of the shoulder joint: treatment at home. Dislocation of the shoulder joint: causes

Dislocation of the shoulder joint is the most common problem related to the musculoskeletal system. The reason is a peculiar design that provides the greatest range of movements among all the joints of our body. In this article, we will look at how to recognize shoulder dislocations, the symptoms of the disease. Prevention and treatment as important measures to prevent and eliminate the consequences of such injuries will also be described in the material presented.

What is a dislocation?

Dislocation we call the loss of contact of the articular surfaces with each other. Injuries occur most often during sports or traffic accidents. Particularly exposed to this are people involved in volleyball, hockey, handball and winter sports. In case of shoulder injuries, correct diagnosis is necessary.

One of the most difficult types of damage to the shoulder is a dislocation of the shoulder joint. Causes and treatment are established by the doctor at close examination of the victim. The further therapy consists in restoration of joint work and prevention of complications.

Why does such a problem occur?

The most common causes of dislocation of the shoulder joint are injuries during physical activity, falling on the outer (side) part of the arm. The cause of the problem can be a strong blow. Sometimes an injury is caused by a fall from a height, for example, while working on a construction site. When the impact occurs, the head of the shoulder bone is displaced. Depending on the direction in which it moved, the shoulder dislocations can be divided into:

1. Anterior humeral dislocation of the joint. This is the most common type of displacement, which usually occurs as a result of falling on an elongated arm or on the shoulder.
2. Posterior shoulder dislocation of the joint. Such displacements can be caused by direct impact or sharp turns of the shoulder.

Symptoms of the problem

A dislocation of the shoulder joint can damage other structures in the shoulder area. How to identify the problem and what to do after diagnosing a "dislocated shoulder"? Symptoms and treatment (first aid) depend on the severity of the injury.

Signs of dislocation of the shoulder joint:

1. Sudden, very severe pain in the shoulder area.
2. Large swelling or bruising.
3. Limited mobility of the joint.
4. Distortion of the outline of the joint, there is an absence of the head of the humerus, which moves to the area of the armpit.
5. The pain increases when trying to move the joint (so the patient holds his hand closer to the body).
6. Fainting and fever.

Medical measures and diagnostics

A very serious injury is a dislocation of the shoulder joint. First aid and medical intervention are prerequisites for the rapid rehabilitation and recovery of the patient to a normal lifestyle. It is necessary to anesthetize the shoulder joint, which is performed under general anesthesia to prevent other injuries during the doctor's work. Treatment is carried out on the basis of factors determined by manual method, and radiography.

Then, on the shoulder (where the shoulder joints are), apply the gypsum with a bandage. Such immobilization of the limb, as a rule, lasts about 4 weeks. After removing the dressing from gypsum and examining the radiograph, if there is no repeated dislocation of the shoulder joint, rehabilitation becomes a prerequisite for restoring the operation of the affected shoulder. It is also recommended to refrain from physical activity for two to three months.

Sometimes, in order to treat a doctor's diagnosis of "habitual dislocation of the shoulder joint", surgery is a necessary part of the recovery process, since other problems can be identified, such as:

• Fracture of the bones of the shoulder;
• Muscle or joint bag injury;
• Damage to blood vessels or nerves.

As a rule, arthroscopy is performed. The surgeon makes very small incisions of the tissues through which the camera and instruments enter. If the patient experiences numerous hand injuries and a habitual dislocation of the shoulder joint, the operation becomes a rather difficult task for the surgeon, after which the patient must avoid the movement of the upper limb for a long time (6 weeks).

Rehabilitation

Rehabilitation is necessary for further treatment. You also need to consider the following nuances:

1. Avoid sharp movements of the shoulder joint for a short time after removing the gypsum.
2. Apply cold compresses to reduce swelling.
3. Pharmacological treatment, which consists in taking anti-inflammatory drugs. If the pain is intense, you can ask the doctor to prescribe analgesics. The drug "Nurofen Plus" must be taken every 6 hours for 15 ml.
4. Perform therapeutic procedures. They promote analgesic and anti-inflammatory action (cryotherapy), restoration of damaged soft tissues (magnetotherapy, laser therapy, ultrasound), increase muscle mass and strength (electrostimulation), improve blood supply and nutrition of tissues (whirlpool bath for upper limb).
5. Massage of tissues adjacent to the joint, relieves stress, and also improves blood supply and nutrition.
6. Mobilization of the shoulder joint.

Performing medical exercises in the initial stage of rehabilitation is best with a psychotherapist. It is necessary to pick up easy manipulations without stress on the diseased joint, for example: isometric exercises and stretching tasks that stimulate neuromuscular tissue. Gradually introducted exercises for the emphasis, strengthening the strength of muscles and improving the stability, elasticity of soft tissues. At the last stage of treatment, exercises are used for the entire upper limb, increasing strength, controlling movement and work, improving the dynamics of movements of the shoulder joint.

Kinesiotherapy consists in wrapping the joint with special elastic patches. They have sensory action, improve the functioning of the joints. The patches applied to the scapular articulations provide stability, improve healing processes and reduce the risk of injury during exercise.

Complications

Unfortunately, the diagnosis of "dislocation of the shoulder joint" is quite serious. Rehabilitation and treatment without accurate diagnosis can lead to numerous complications. These include:

• Instability of the joint;
• Damage to the peripheral nerves (tingling sensation, sensitivity disorders of the entire upper limb);
• Restriction of range of movements in the joint;
• Relapse even after a banal injury;
• Degenerative changes of the shoulder joint.

Methods of treatment of shoulder injuries in the home

A little relief comes from applying a cold compress to the damaged area if a shoulder dislocation occurs . Treatment at home with severe injuries is impossible without the provision of qualified medical care. The victim should be taken to a doctor who will take the necessary measures after performing X-rays. During transportation, the hand must be fixed: it can be slightly bent at the elbow, pressed to the chest and wrapped with bandage to the body.

To relieve the pain, you should give an analgesic or non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug ("Nurofen Plus" or "Ibuprofen" 15 ml every 6 hours). Recovery usually takes 3-6 weeks.

Then it is recommended to perform stretching exercises for the muscles of the arm and shoulder. After a series of such exercises, when the limb will be fully functional, you can return to the sport, but only in special clothes, so that in case of a fall it prevents the dislocation of the shoulder joint. Home treatment and rehabilitation after trauma are possible with the systematic implementation of stretching exercises, so that the muscles are elastic and less prone to damage. In the case of muscle strain, for example, after intensive training, it is possible to apply ice to the shoulder.

Dislocation of the shoulder joint

This is a serious injury due to the impossibility of moving the hand due to the fact that there was a dislocation of the shoulder joint. Treatment at home (first aid): drink pain medications in the dosage indicated in the instructions, tie your arm to the body, and then urgently visit an orthopedic or traumatologist. Such damage is a very serious injury that can lead to the death of nerves and blood vessels.

Tension of the tendons

What should I do if I have sprained ligaments and a dislocation of the shoulder joint? Treatment at home involves the use of a cold compress (it is imposed for half an hour), drugs with analgesic and anti-inflammatory action (gels, ointments). They are applied a thin layer on the damaged area several times a day. It is also necessary to rest your arm, that is, to limit movement.

Contusion of shoulder joint

As a rule, it occurs as a result of a sharp fall, which leads to damage to soft tissues. Signs of a bruise: gradually increasing pain, bruising, swelling. It is necessary to quickly apply ice to the site of injury. This will limit the hematoma and swelling of the soft tissues, unless, of course, there has been a dislocation of the joint.

And the treatment of folk remedies in this case will not be superfluous: several times a day for 20 minutes, apply cooling compresses or ice cubes wrapped in foil or wrapped in cloth. Relief brings also ointments with analgesic and anti-inflammatory effect. They are applied several times a day. However, if the pain does not recede, it is necessary to consult an orthopedist, since the injury can be much more serious than you think.

Folk remedies

A lot of home methods to eliminate the consequences associated with the diagnosis of "dislocation of the joint." Treatment with folk remedies is aimed at relieving pain. It is recommended to use compresses from hot milk: it must be heated, moistened with bandages in it and applied to the affected joint. A finely chopped onion or "dough" from a glass of flour and a spoonful of vinegar helps a lot. They need to be put on the damaged place and keep for half an hour.