Curvature of toes: reasons, methods of treatment. Operation at foot

The curvature of the toes on the legs in most cases persecutes women, not men. This is due to the wearing of shoes with heels or close model shoes. With constant pressure, the bones are deformed, begin to constrict each other, which causes the formation of corns or calluses. Bones in this case hurt, joints become inflamed, and do not want to wear shoes at all. How to get rid of this problem? Let us first consider the first symptoms. After all, everyone knows that the sooner the treatment begins, the easier it will be to get rid of the pain, and do not have to do the operation on the foot.

The first symptoms of the disease

The disease begins, the appearance of pain syndrome when wearing shoes. When you touch the patient's joint, the person feels severe pain, possibly redness or swelling, but insignificant. Many do not pay attention to the first signs, beginning to notice the disease already with visible curvatures. If the problem with the thumb of the foot, then a "bone" is formed, which is a visible cosmetic defect.

Other fingers are deformed by strong pressure on the adjacent ones, which leads to painful rubbing and finger pressing into each other. It can end with the crossing of fingers. At the very beginning of the disease, it is necessary to consult a specialist and begin nonoperative treatment.

Causes of curvature of fingers

Scientists do not fully understand the causes of this pathology, but it is believed that this is most likely a genetic predisposition, in which the weakness of bone and connective tissue develops. This leads to flat feet, the development of osteoporosis, arthritis, various disorders of the endocrine system. The main reason for distortion is the wearing of an uncomfortable and tight shoe, which by constant pressure on weak joints, breaks their structure.

Types of disease

There are several varieties of pathology:

1. Hammer-shaped curvature of toes. With such a disease, the fingers are bent. Associate this with the wearing of small shoes, arthritis or transverse flatfoot. The ligament loses its flexibility and the degree of tension of the flexion function is disturbed. There are two types. In the first case, the finger can be straightened with the hand, in the second case it can not be done even manually. It is necessary immediately to address to the orthopedist and to begin medical massages, to carry fixing insoles and straighteners for a finger. In severe cases, there is no way to do without surgery.
2. Clawlike violation of the shape of the fingers. Associate with wearing narrow shoes. With such a disease, the innervation of the phalanx of the toes is broken, the bone and muscle tissues are affected. It is necessary to switch to shoes with wide socks and soft, not squeezing fingers. Put on a few fingers a special long, which does not allow the fingers to touch. If a surgical correction of the tendon is prescribed by the doctor, it is performed by the puncture method, without cutting the tissues and long healing.
3. Crossed toes. This type of curvature is clear even to a specialist. It is visually evident that in this case the fingers find each other. The reason may be tight shoes with a narrow toe, arthritis or a transverse flatfoot disease. At the beginning of this curvature of the toes on the legs, you can wear special finger straighteners, but in neglected cases only the operation on the foot will help.
4. Valgus deformation of the thumb. With such a disease, a bone grows, which constantly reminds oneself of the pain and fatigue of the feet when walking. Sometimes it becomes inflamed, blushes and hurts when pressing and flexing the foot. The disease can increase, the bone grows, and the finger is further deformed. Treat, mainly, surgically.
5. Deformation of Taylor (curvature of the fifth toe). With such a disease, the little finger on the leg is turned inward. This is due to the incorrect leg posture when sitting. Some turn out the foot and pressure is on the side. In this case, the deformity of the little finger on the leg occurs and a lump (build-up) appears in the pressure site. When treating this pathology, you need to radically change the position of the seat, wear wide and soft shoes, special caps that hold the pinkie in the correct position.

Twisting of the big toe

In our time, the biggest spread, got the disease of the joints of the thumb. Bones on toes appear on the place of curvature. They often become inflamed and hurt.

There are several stages of this disease:

1. Deformation of the toes is barely noticeable. There is no inflammatory process. Nothing hurts.
2. Visually, the deviation of the finger to the other side becomes noticeable. Sometimes there is soreness in the joint area.
3. The finger is shifted noticeably. There was a pronounced bone. The pain is frequent and long.
4. Painful sensations do not stop, very long, deformation of the toes is strongly pronounced.

Diseases that contribute to the curvature of the toes

In addition to incorrect wearing of shoes, there are a number of factors that affect the appearance of curvature of the toes. These are serious diseases such as diabetes, psoriasis, mechanical damage to the fingers or feet, rheumatoid arthritis and osteoporosis. As a result of foot injuries, reflex degeneration may develop. The disease can also be caused by damage to the nervous system of the legs. Cerebral palsy, a hollow foot, sclerosis, Charcot-Marie's disease, can lead to pathological changes in the neuromuscular apparatus of the foot and legs.

People with genetic heredity also tend to such deformities. If your mother has such a bone, then the risk of it arising from you is also present. But, these are all attendant factors. The main reason for the appearance of bones on the toes, most doctors consider uncomfortable, narrow or tight shoes. It is noticed that in the underdeveloped or warm countries, where they do not wear shoes at all, or wear wide open sandals, such a disease is completely absent.

Treatment of this disease

One general recommendation can not be given to all patients. This disease requires only an individual approach. Depending on the degree of curvature and the presence of pain, the doctor may prescribe conservative treatment or surgery.

In order to stop the deformation, you are assigned to wear special shoes, insteps or foot correctors. Between the thumb and the second finger, a special roller is inserted, which keeps the fingers in a level position and stops further bending.

Pain occurs in the inflammatory process in the joint. It must be stopped. To do this, prescribe anti-inflammatory drug therapy. Additionally, physiotherapy and massage can be prescribed. In special cases, injections of corticosteroids may be prescribed. A good effect is possessed by dysprospan, kenalog and hydrocortisone.

If the inflammation of the joint bag is associated with infection, then the doctor prescribes antibiotics and antiseptic drugs. But, all these methods will only suspend the disease. To get rid of it completely, you need surgery.

Orthopedic aids

Nowadays, many orthopedic adaptations have been invented, which delay the radical solution of the problem. These are special insoles, linings, insteps, interdigital ridges, correctors. Some need to be worn throughout the day, others are worn for the night. The purpose of such devices is to keep the toes in the correct position, thus stopping the further process of curvature.

You can buy a rubber tie, which is worn for several hours. This is a wide rubber strip, which has an insertion-bugorok for the arch of the foot. It is rather tight and can interfere with the normal circulation of the legs. Therefore, it can not be worn long.

There are comfortable tires that are inserted into the shoes and prevent the touch of the affected leg area with the surface of the shoes. This temporarily facilitates the patient's condition.

Operative treatment

In severe cases of deformation, when no means help, a person experiences constant pains and can not wear any shoes, only surgery will help. There are more than a hundred different types of operations. Basically, surgical intervention is reduced to excising the tip or the edge of the joint, removing soft tissues and bones that interfere with the normal position of the fingers.

In severe forms of disease, screws, wire connections or plates can be placed. They perform operations in most cases under local anesthesia. The duration of such interventions is up to one hour.

Types of operations

Consider the most common types of surgery:

• Exostectomy. The head of metatarsal bone should be removed. This is the bone tissue department on which the cones are formed.
• Osteotomy. During this operation, remove part of the bone or phalanx of the finger.

• Resectable plastic surgery. Cut the tip of the metatarsal bone at the junction with the phalanx of the finger. There is a metatarsophalangeal joint.
• An arthrodesis of the joint. In the course of intervention, they create conditions for the immobility of the joint.
• Operations to replace joints with artificial implants.
• Operations to restore ligaments and connective tissue around the joint of the big toe.

Prevention of disease

To prevent the formation of deformation of the fingers on the foot, you need to abandon the model shoes and go to more convenient options. It should be shoes with a low heel, with laces, with a loose wide toe. With age, the size of the leg changes, so it is necessary to make a fitting attempt before buying. It should be remembered that by the evening the leg is trampled down and swollen, so it is better to buy shoes in the daytime. Comfort for the feet is provided by sports shoes, light ballet shoes and shoes, sandals. It is advisable to choose products made from natural materials.

Women after 40 years and men after 45 years, despite the condition of the fingers, you need to insert in the shoes of the arch supports, as during this period the age-related flat feet develop.

The main thing is not to be engaged in self-medication. Only the specialist knows how to straighten the toes correctly. At the first signs of the disease you need to go to the orthopedist or surgeon.