The history of the novel "Oblomov." Characteristics of Oblomov

Roman Goncharov "Oblomov" - a significant work of Russian classical literature of the second half of the XIX century. This is the book, to a true understanding of which you come already in adulthood, gradually realizing its meaning and the characters of the characters. The main character of the work is the young landowner Ilya Oblomov. Some call Oblomov a thoughtful poet, others - a philosopher, others - just lazy. However, there is no single view of Oblomov's image, which would fully and integrally characterize him as a person. Any reader who knows how to think and think will make his own individual opinion about him.

The history of the novel "Oblomov"

Ivan Goncharov created "Oblomov" under the influence of special impressions and thoughts. The novel did not appear suddenly, not suddenly, but became a response to the author's own views. The history of the creation of the novel Oblomov, no doubt, imposes a significant imprint on the general atmosphere of the work, against which the course of the narrative takes place. The idea was born gradually, like the bricks of a large house. Shortly before Oblomov, Goncharov wrote the story "A Dashing Bitter", which served as the basis for the creation of the novel.

The creation of the novel Oblomov coincides with the socio-political crisis in Russia. For that time, the image of an apathetic landowner, who can not answer for his own life and make responsible decisions, was very relevant. The main idea of the work was formed under the influence of the views of the critic Belinsky, who remained under strong impression from Goncharov's first novel - "Ordinary History". Belinsky noted that in Russian literature there already appeared the image of an "extra man" who can not adapt to the surrounding reality, is useless for society. This man is a freethinker, a sensitive dreamer, poet and philosopher. Romanticism in his nature is associated with extreme inactivity, laziness and apathy. Thus, the history of the novel "Oblomov" is connected with the political situation and reflects the life of the nobility of the second half of the XIX century.

Ideological and compositional component

The novel consists of four parts, each of which fully reveals the state of the protagonist and reflects the changes that occur in his soul: a weak-willed, lazy existence; The transformation of the heart, the spiritual, moral struggle and, finally, dying. Physical death is the result to which Ilya Ilyich comes. The history of the creation of the novel Oblomov underscores the hero's inability to go beyond his indecision and unwillingness to do anything.

The situation in the house Oblomov

As soon as I entered the room where Ilya Ilyich was lying on the sofa, it was possible to find in the interior, by the arrangement of things, an incredible resemblance to the master himself: everywhere there was dust uncleaned after the dinner of the plate. The role of Oblomov in the novel "Oblomov" is characteristic, defining. It shows an example of existence that leads to spiritual death.

Oblomov is not adapted to life, his whole appearance and habits express the desire to hide, to hide from the depressing reality: his shoes were wide and stood next to the sofa, so that "he always immediately got into them"; The robe was so wide and loose that "and Oblomov could double in it." Servant Zakhar is like his master: once again get up from the couch for him a feat, remove in the rooms - unimaginable anxiety and fuss. Zahar is immersed in his thoughts, knows the "master" from infancy, which sometimes allows himself to argue with him.

What is the main character?

The characteristic Oblomov in the novel "Oblomov" is shown to the reader literally from the first pages. Ilya Ilyich - a person who is sensitive, apathetic, emotional, but opposed to all activities. Movement for him was a difficult task, he did not want and did not seek to change something in his life. His lying was a normal, familiar condition, and to lift Oblomov off the couch, it was necessary to happen out of the ordinary event. The need to fill business papers tired him, the thought of having to move out of the apartment was disturbing and nagging sadness. However, instead of straining the will, the mind and doing what is required of it, it goes on idle.

"Why am I like this?"

The characteristic Oblomov in the novel "Oblomov" reflects the main idea of the work - the collapse of the moral ideals of the hero and the gradual dying. Son Oblomov demonstrates to the reader the sources of the weak-willed character of Ilya Ilyich. In a dream, the hero sees himself as small, his native village Oblomovka, in which he was born and raised. In his childhood, he was tried in every possible way to protect himself from real life: he was not allowed to leave the house in the cold and frost, climb on fences, he studied only in those days when there were no holidays, and they happened so often that "it was not worth to go". Food was a cult, here people loved holidays and laid out large tables.

Oblomov absorbed in himself the beliefs of his native village, became part of the existence that was led by its inhabitants. Oblomovshchina is the result of such an attitude of the world: to go with the flow, only occasionally waking up from an anxious, restless sleep. The role of Oblomov in the novel Oblomov Is great and significant: to designate the problem of the spiritual oblivion of the individual, its dissolution in everyday details and the unwillingness to live.

Oblomov and Stolz

The closest and only friend of Ilya Ilyich throughout his life was and still was Andrei Ivanovich Stolz. Despite the difference in the characters, they had a strong friendship since childhood. Stolz is active, energetic, constantly in business, on the road. He can not sit for a minute in one place: movement is the essence of his nature. He achieved much in life thanks to external efforts, but deep poetic experiences are not available to him. Stolz prefers not to dream, but to act.

Oblomov is apathetic, he lacks the energy even to read the book he started (often she lay there for several weeks on the table). Poets stirred his imagination, awakened in the soul of the movement of thought and feelings, but beyond these thoughts and feelings he never went. Immersion in meditation was his nature, but he did nothing to develop them in the future. By contrasting the characters, these two people complemented each other, constituting a single harmonious whole.

Love Test

The main characters of the novel have a significant influence on Ilya Ilyich's condition. Oblomov inspired a great feeling for Olga Ilyinskaya, forcing him to leave his cozy world for a while and get out into the outer life filled with colors and sounds. Despite the fact that Olga often laughed at Oblomov, considered him too lazy and apathetic, this person was dear to her and close.

Their beautiful and painfully touching love story shakes, gives rise to a feeling of regret, indelible bitterness. Oblomov considers himself unworthy of love, because he writes to Olga a painful and at the same time an exhilarating letter. It can be assumed that he anticipates their imminent break, but this circumstance rather indicates that Ilya Ilyich is not ready to accept feelings towards himself, doubts that he is worthy of the young lady's love. The hero is afraid of being rejected and long hesitates to make an offer to Olga. In the letter, he writes that her love is a preparation for the future feeling, but not love itself. As a result, the hero will prove to be right: later Olga confesses to him that she loved "the future Oblomov" in him, cherished the possibility of a new love in his feelings for him.

Why did the love for Olga Ilyinskaya not save Oblomov?

With the appearance of Olga and Oblomov, I seem to have risen from the couch, but only for a time, in order to be able to express to the young lady my admiration for her beauty and youth. His feelings are sincere and strong, but they lack dynamics, determination.

Instead of solving pressing issues related to the apartment and preparations for the wedding, Oblomov continues to close from life. During the day he sleeps or reads books, he rarely travels to the bride, he shifts responsibility for his happiness to strangers: he asks others to talk about an apartment, to solve problems with quitrent in Oblomovka.

Why is this book still relevant today?

The history of the creation of the novel Oblomov is closely connected with the historical events of the 50-60's and is an excellent monument of the noble society of the XIX century. To modern readers the book can be interesting with questions that have an eternal character. It is a choice of a life direction, a love line, philosophical views and thoughts. The heroes of the novel "Oblomov" are different, but they are all living people who have individual traits. Each of them has its own advantages and disadvantages, its own convictions, views on the world. For example, Andrew Stolz is ambitious enough, demanding of himself and others, Olga Ilyinskaya is a romantic person who is not stranger to poetry and music, Zakhar is absent-minded and lazy.

The reader of the understanding of simple truth brings the characterization of the novel. Oblomov did not ruin the blow, from which his earthly existence was interrupted, but an inactive, apathetic attitude to life, to himself. It is important not to oversleep life, not to waste it, but to realize its essence through its various manifestations, such as activity, culture, art, personal happiness.