Control systems are ... Types of control systems. An example of a control system.

Personnel management is one of the most complex elements of regulation in an organization. After all, employees have their own potential, their interests, emotions, the ability to make independent decisions or criticize the orders of the leadership. Therefore, it is impossible to predict the response to the application of management decisions.

To ensure the existence of the organization was long and the goals set before it were achieved, it is necessary to create a correct management system.

The system is the orderliness of all components and their unification into a single whole in order to achieve a common goal. In other words, it is order and subordination to the main task.

Management includes functions: planning, motivation, organization and control. With their help, and achieved the tasks assigned.

Management systems are ordered processes of planning, organization, motivation, control. They are aimed at fulfilling the tasks of production and achieving the main goal of the organization's existence.

Components of the management system

The management system of the organization includes all the processes that take place, as well as all the services, subsystems, and communications of the enterprise. The collective at the enterprise can be divided into two groups. The first is the managed one, the second is the control one.

Consider them. The managed group includes elements that are involved in the process of creating material and spiritual goods or providing services. They are subordinates. The management team carries out all the functions necessary to fulfill the tasks assigned to the organization, for this it must have the necessary resources: material, labor, financial. It coordinates the work of all employees and owns all the technical means, for example, such as communication, technology, is also responsible for the work of production and the process of further improvement of the organization. These are the leaders.

Depending on the structure of the organization and the number of subordinates, managers may be several, while they all obey one chief manager.

There are such stages of the control subsystem:

• Planning - shows what result can be achieved;
• Regulation - maintaining the optimum set operating mode;
• marketing;
• Accounting;
• control.

Management systems are systems that combine all these components to achieve the highest goal of the organization.

Subject and object

Every concept has its own subject and object. Let's consider what they have in the personnel management system.

Objects include:

• Employees;
• Employees;
• Groups of employees;
• labor collective.

The subject of the management system is represented by various structures of management personnel.

Types of leadership

Coordination of work in the organization can take place in four forms:

• Linear, when each inferior leader is subordinate to the superior. Their actions are coordinated and aimed at the fulfillment of specific goals. It is often used for lower levels of organization.
• Functional. There are several groups of governance bodies, with each responsible for a particular type of activity. For example, one for planning, another for a technical base. However, there are difficulties when several different tasks are "down" to the workers and their quick execution is required. The ideal option for the existence of such a system is in combination with a linear one.
• Line-staff. When line managers are set up headquarters. At the same time, they do not take any decisions, but only advise, they send employees. They are created to reduce and distribute the responsibilities of the line manager.
• The matrix. Management occurs both horizontally and vertically. Such structures are used for management on construction sites, where each complex is divided into nodes that have their own leader.

Example of the structure of coordination in the enterprise

Let us consider an example of a shop floor management system.

The workshop is one of the main links responsible for the functioning of the whole production. To achieve the organization's goals, it is necessary to create the right management system.

In the workshop the director appoints the chief and his deputies, who must organize the performance of tasks received from the top manager. At the same time, the head of the shop must control the personnel's attitude to production resources. A variant is possible when this function is assigned to a specially assigned employee. For example, the consumption of raw materials, compliance with safety rules and sanitary maintenance of the shop are monitored.

The coordination structure includes the presence of team leaders who receive tasks from the master and distribute them among the workers. They also organize their implementation, provide professional assistance, if necessary, help the master to exercise control.

Management of modern enterprise

In the current situation, coordinating the work of the staff requires special skill from the manager. This leads to an unstable economic situation, competition. Therefore, creating a modern management system, the manager must know the principles of their construction.

In order for the enterprise to function and develop, its products must be competitive. This largely depends on what kind of management strategy will be chosen. For an enterprise, it must be unique - this is the main sign of a successful existence.

To the company existed for a long time and brought profit, the products must withstand competition. To improve the quality you need:

• Have the necessary resources: raw materials, material, components.
• To improve production lines: update the equipment, seeking to improve the quality of products.
• Periodically improve the qualification of staff.
• Implement the products.

The first thing that a professional manager should start with is to develop the management systems, do the enterprise analysis, consider what elements are missing to achieve the goal, and figure out how to achieve them. When developing a development strategy, one must take into account:

• Long-term development goals of the enterprise;
• resources;
• technologies;
• Management system.

That is, to achieve its goals, the company must have all the necessary resources, high-quality technologies that will handle these resources, and a competently constructed management system.

At the same time, the strategy should not be monolithic, but be able to be modified depending on external and internal factors. And the task of the management system is to control and timely amend the strategic goals of the organization.

Thus, effective management of a modern enterprise should be mobile and depend on surrounding factors.

Types of control systems

Management systems are those areas of management activity that are related to the solution of specific tasks, aimed at the successful operation of the enterprise.

There are two main categories:

• General - the management of the company as a whole;
• Functional - guide certain segments of the company.

The management system is a complex cooperation of the general and functional types to achieve the set goals.

There are several forms of control systems, consider some of them:

• strategic planning;
• Management: company managers, employees, internal and external communication, production;
• Counseling.

With these types of management, the company first sets strategic goals, to achieve which it is necessary to be able to coordinate the work of managers. This allows for an improvement in the management structure. Coordination of the work of employees allows you to direct their activities in the right direction. At the same time, the company interacts with the external environment: suppliers, customers, employees.

Types of control systems are also defined by management objects and differ in content. For example, the content can be identified as:

• normative;
• strategic;
• operational.

Each of these types of management solves only its own specific tasks.

The coordinating system should combine all the positive aspects with which it will be easier for organizations to develop. Then the strategic goal will be achieved.

Designing of management systems takes place taking into account democratic centralism, a harmonious combination of unity of command and collegiality, responsibility, creative potential of employees.

Principles for constructing a guide

The establishment of management systems should be based on such basic principles:

• Optimal division of the organization structure into separate elements;
• Hierarchical structure with a proper distribution of powers;
• The organic interconnection of all levels of the organization;
• Location of goals in order of importance;
• Coordination of structural links in the performance of assigned tasks;
• Promptness of making managerial decisions, if there is such a need;
• All stages of product life cycles, hierarchy of structure, various management activities should exist in a complex;
• Systematic - all management work is carried out continuously and lasts for a long time;
• It is necessary to adopt the experience of successful productions of foreign companies;
• Should use the proven scientific methods in the management system;
• Autonomy of subsystems;
• Economic functions - when designing, to lay down the cost of management;
• Prospects of development;
• Discussion of management decisions and the choice of the best;
• Sustainability and ability to survive in a competitive environment;
• Create comfortable working conditions, so that employees can fully work hard at work;
• Correctly allocate labor costs for the fulfillment of specific tasks of production;
• Adaptability of the organization's system to external and internal changes;
• Isolation of the managerial process.

Implementation of the decision must go through all stages: planning, organization, coordination, control.

Important: the managerial decision must be intelligible and intelligible, it is necessary to check that the employee has understood it correctly. This will save the worker from unnecessary movements and direct all his potential to perform a specific task.

Consider systems and management technologies.

Technologies of personnel management

Management technology is a tool through which personnel are guided. These include the means, goals, ways by which the impact on employees is directed to the direction of their implementation of the necessary tasks.

Systems and technologies of personnel management are engaged in:

• The recruitment organization;
• Evaluation of staff qualifications;
• Their training;
• Advancement on a career ladder;
• Management and resolution of conflict situations;
• Social development of personnel;
• Management of personnel safety.

The use of these principles also depends on the form of ownership of the enterprise, the style of activity.

The development of management systems is carried out taking into account the professionalism and competence of specialists who work in the field of personnel management.

Functions of the manager

To implement the management systems was easy and was accepted by employees, the manager must perform such basic functions:

• Planning.

The manager continuously plans the decisions that are necessary to achieve the main goal of the enterprise. When the goal is changed, decisions must also change in a timely manner. Planning directs the development of the organization in the right direction and predicts tasks that must be performed by employees.

• Organization.

To better achieve the goals set for the company, the plans, the work of the team is organized, while it is correctly distributed vertically and horizontally. Everyone is engaged in the decision of concrete tasks, cooperating with other workers.

• Motivation.

Managers use motivation to encourage workers to perform their duties better. It can be of two types: external and internal (psychological).

External - includes receiving material goods: bonuses, bonuses, and psychological - moral encouragement, improving the workplace, relationships in the team.

• Control.

In order for the tasks to be performed in a qualitative way, the immediate supervisor must carry out supervision.

Control includes:

• Tracking planned;
• Checking of intermediate results;
• Comparison of the results with the planned ones;
• Correction of detected mismatches and deviations from the predicted ones.

The effect of these four functions should be carried out in a complex.

Conclusion

Thus, the management system is the orderliness of the basic principles of building, functioning and controlling the development of the organization. This is done to fulfill the tasks assigned to the company. Design and implementation of management systems are of great importance in the successful development of the enterprise. Without a properly constructed guide, the existence and development of the enterprise will be impossible.