Juniper: reproduction and care. Reproduction of juniper by cuttings

Among coniferous ornamental trees and shrubs, juniper is especially popular. His right to be a pet in landscape design, he received for unpretentiousness of soil composition and climate change. Juniper well tolerates both severe frosts and prolonged drought, very fond of light. Attracts designers and gardeners a variety of forms of bush and needle color. A charming, subtle fragrance complements all this splendor.

Geography of growth

Juniper is a widespread coniferous plant, for the growth of which both arid regions of Mexico, and Asia, America and the Caucasus are suitable. High and medium juniper bushes perfectly feel themselves in deciduous and coniferous forests, and low ones on cliffs.

In the natural nature of planting shrubs in groups occupy small areas. Currently, there are six dozen junipers of different types. This conifers is a long-liver. Under favorable conditions of growth juniper can live five or more centuries.

Description of the species

Needles of juniper have a bluish-green color and pointed at the tips of trihedral needles. In appearance it resembles the needles of cypress plants. Juniper, the reproduction of which occurs in several ways, has kidneys. They almost never have scales. The leaves of the plant replace the needles, on which they age with age.

The cones are spherical, rarely elongated. They are very fleshy, the scales close tightly, and this prevents them from completely opening up. Very impressive look blue or gray bumps on a green with a bluish hue.

Using

Juniper is used for single planting and in large tracts. Low-growth and creeping conifers cover the slopes, of which rocky gardens are built. They strengthen the slopes. The juniper has a disadvantage - it does not tolerate the smoke and gas pollution of the air. Therefore, it is rarely used for gardening of urban gardens and parks.

Dwarf species of juniper grow at home, but they need to be regularly sprayed. Of these conifers, bonsai is formed in miniature. For this purpose, seedlings are suitable, in which the needles are hard, with glitter, and the trunk is curved. If bonsai from dwarf junipers are planted on the street, they must be protected from gusts of wind. In the cold season, the top of the tree should be covered to protect it from freezing. When the plant contacts the snow, the needles may get burned. Therefore, it is better to plant small trees under a canopy.

Seed propagation

A beautiful ornamental plant is juniper. Reproduction by seeds gives low germination. If they even sprout together, the shoots are easily damaged, and therefore they are not easy to keep.

But if you are a supporter of seed reproduction of this plant, then the procedure is as follows. Reproduction of juniper in autumn suggests seeding in boxes with fertile soil. As soon as the cold comes, take out boxes with plantings on the street for a period of four months, so they will be tempered. In spring, survive the winter seeds transplanted into other boxes or pots and again keep on the street. Seedlings will appear only next year. They need a lot of sun, they need to be watered and fed. In no case do not allow the soil to dry out. Do not rush time, from the seed sown necessarily grow bush or a tree of this conifers, if you will take good care of it.

In many ways, you can grow juniper. Seed propagation is usually carried out in the spring and requires some preparation. Designed for sowing, they must undergo a scarification, that is scratching the shell. So the seeds will give the first shoots much earlier.

Reproduction of the plant by cuttings

Reproduction of juniper by cuttings is a habitual way for gardeners. However, it should be remembered that some species are badly cuttings. With wild plants, shoots are not recommended. Cuttings will be stronger and better to take root if taken from a young tree or bush at the age of 8-10 years.

Reproduction of juniper cuttings in autumn - not the best option for This procedure. It is better to do this right after the winter cold, early spring. To do this, cut an annual shoot 10-12 cm long and place it in a stimulating growth solution for a period of one day. After this, plant the stalk in the ground, mixed with peat and sand.

The depth of landing should not be more than three centimeters. Types of creeping juniper planted with a slope of 60 degrees, and column-shaped - strictly vertically. It is important not to confuse the bottom and top of the cuttings, for which it is cut with a small piece of bark.

Reproduction of juniper by cuttings suggests several stages. The next is to cover them with a film for two months. A place to find a darkened one. To cuttings do not dry out, sprinkle them with water every day.

When they are well rooted, transplant into other boxes and leave for two years. After this time, determine for them a permanent place of growth and plant in the ground. Reproduction of juniper shoots in autumn and winter can also be carried out. The main thing is to observe all the necessary conditions for rooting the seedlings.

Reproduction of juniper by layers

This method of reproduction is simple. It is applied from the beginning of spring to the middle of summer. To do this, you need to take a young twig of bush, located near the ground, to make an incision on it along an oblique line. Insert in it any stick, strengthen it in the ground and top it with soil.

When new roots are formed, cut the seedlings with a pruner and plant them in a separate well. Reproduction of juniper in autumn is not as preferable as in spring. In a few years, the plant will grow, and it will be possible to shape its appearance.

Juniper: reproduction by grafting

To preserve the valuable qualities of a rare species of juniper, reproduction is carried out by grafting the shoot into a closely related plant. With this reproduction, the best qualities of the mother plant are accurately transmitted. You should know that grafted bushes grow slowly. But this method allows breeding on 3-5-year-old seedlings and obtaining new varieties of juniper.

The vaccination is carried out at a time when the plant woke up from the winter and sap flow began. The graft material is the young shoots from the upper tier of the bush, which are grafted onto any kind of juniper.

Juniper, the reproduction of which is carried out by grafting, you need to shelter from the sun. If, after a month and a half, the buds on the shoots are blooming, the process went well.

Cossack juniper

This species of conifers has received the widest distribution among other members of the cypress genus. This is a very branched creeping shrub, whose height reaches 1.5 meters, and the width is 20 meters or more. For unpretentiousness and elegant appearance, Cossack juniper is very popular with landscape designers. It perfectly tolerates frosts, it is resistant to winds and drought. And his ability to kill germs has developed resistance to defeat in conifers by various diseases.

The bush of the Cossack juniper does not lose its ornamentality throughout the whole year. It looks great on the soil, snow and stones. It is used in solitary plantings and in groups, a hedge is created from it. Cossack juniper is characterized by an unpleasant smell if it is to grind pine needles.

It is undemanding to grow juniper. Care and reproduction are carried out in nutrient-poor soil. But still it will grow better if you add a little bit of dolomite flour or lime. Fat black soil can damage the plant. Growing on it, it is susceptible to fungal diseases.

Reproduction of Cossack juniper seed

Such a method of reproduction can be carried out using stratification. Before the onset of frost, seeds should be sown in prepared boxes and buried under snow. There they will remain throughout the winter period. Stratification is necessary in order to accelerate the germination of seeds.

In the spring, sow them in the soil and wait for the shoots. And if this procedure is not carried out, then the seeds will only ascend the next year. In this way, the conifers are mostly reproduced in natural nature.

Cutting

Cossack juniper, the reproduction of which is carried out by cuttings, is well established. It should be carried out in the spring, until the movement of juices began, or in the fall. Plant cuttings in cloudy weather, so as not to harm seedlings and adult trees from which they were taken. Cuttings will be better if cut off the tips of shoots. They should not remain dry for long. Therefore, immediately wrap them with a well dampened cloth or place in a bag of water.

Cuttings cut with a piece of bark, otherwise they will not take root. Treat them with a solution for growth of conifers and plant them on the place reserved for planting.

As a rule, further growth of seedlings is carried out in the nursery for 1-3 years. The root system of large cuttings develops faster, which means that the time of their growth in the nursery will decrease.

Reproduction of Cossack juniper by layers

During the entire vegetative period, the Cossack juniper, whose reproduction is carried out by layers, requires appropriate care. Bent and pinned to the ground branches should be periodically watered, and the land around the plant hills.

To better take root shoots of Cossack juniper, you need to add coconut shell, some sand and peat to the soil. I need to chop at the end of the shoot, the stem should be naked. In six months or a year, rooting will take place and vertical shoots will appear. Separate them and transplant them into the ground.

If juniper is of particular varietal value, reproduction is effected by grafting. However, it should be remembered that the survival rate of shoots with such multiplication is low.

Varieties of juniper

• Chinese - it happens and a tall twenty-meter tree, and a dwarfish shrub.
• Ordinary juniper is a tree-shaped cone-shaped plant with a height of up to ten meters. If growing shrubbery, it is very slow and has an ovoid shape.
• Horizontal - creeping or creeping shrub up to half a meter in height.
• Cossack - it can be a four-meter tree and a creeping shrub.
• Scaly - a bush with dense branches and bright green needles. It is resistant to frost and drought.

Care

These plants love light, in the shade their decorativity is lost. Many varieties are resistant to frost. Only young plants and heat-loving species are in need of shelter for the winter. Pruning is carried well by the conifers. It must be done to form a specific form of the bush or to limit the growth of the creeping junipers. Although dry branches can be removed as soon as they appear.

The regular care requires juniper. Planting and care, reproduction is carried out with abundant watering, which is especially necessary for the conifers in the drought. During this period, water the plant several times per season, 10-30 liters of water for one tree. And in the evening, the code of the sun is not so bake, make a sprinkler.

The land around the trunk of young trees or bushes should be regularly weeded from weeds and loosened after each watering or rain. Each time after these procedures, apply fresh mulch. With proper and regular care, juniper will always rejoice with its appearance.