Breeding turkeys: a business plan. Turkeys: breeding, growing conditions, rocks (photo)

More and more popular is the industry in poultry farming, like the breeding of turkeys. As a business it is quite a profitable business. However, it is necessary to understand everything in great detail. At home, as well as on household plots and private large farms, turkeys, whose breeding is not very difficult, feel great.

This bird is most appreciated for dietary meat, which is very juicy and tasty. Therefore, for some novice businessmen, growing it can turn into a great way to generate income.

No chickens, but turkeys

The breeding of this bird began in America. There she was domesticated about ten centuries ago. In Europe, the turkey bird came only in the sixteenth century, after the fourth voyage of Columbus. When this traveler approached the American shore, he was sure that it was India. Apparently, therefore, this American large bird was named so. Turkey or turkey - is a beautiful and majestic representative of birds, true, flightless.

This bird is very fond of freedom and great space. The majestic and at the same time the largest and strongest representative of the feathered, modern turkey (the breeding and maintenance of which requires certain knowledge and skills) is calmer and slower than its wild ancestors.

Description

The process of domestication of this bird has resulted in the creation of a large number of new breeds, which differ from each other mainly in the coloring of plumage and mass.

Despite the meat orientation of turkeys, eggs, down and feather are also appreciated. Their carcasses contain more than fifty percent of meat, about fifteen - subcutaneous fat and more than ten - internal.

Turkeys, whose breeding on an industrial scale for the purpose of obtaining eggs is unprofitable, are characterized by rapid growth with minimal expenditure on feed.

Features of a bird

Like chickens, turkeys are considered very big. However, they do not rake the ground and do not graze like the last. Turkeys do well in pastures and in field crops, which do not damage, as they do not dig their limbs anywhere. There they run enough and find suitable food.

Anatomical structure

The legs of turkeys, long and strong, are adapted to overcome fairly large distances. Very interesting is the structure of the legs, in particular the rapidly growing tibia, tibia and tibia. In the ankle's ankle, there are strong and firm bones that enable you to carry a large mass of the body, overcoming long enough distances. Muscles on the shin of this bird contain a lot of zinc, which perfectly strengthens bones and tendons. That is why its meat in the human diet is an excellent source of this element.

Breeds

There are a lot of turkeys. These are white broad-chested, and heavy Big-6, and BYuT-8, etc. Many of them were artificially withdrawn. One of the most popular are the broad-chested white turkeys, whose home is the United States of America.

This breed has high meat characteristics, a sufficient rate of growth and a good egg lay. However, white turkeys, whose breeding requires the creation of certain conditions, are very demanding in terms of feeding.

In this breed, experts distinguish three varieties of females: light, heavy and medium. Their main differences are reproductive qualities and meat precocity.

Another breed - North Caucasian bronze - among domestic poultry producers is known for a long time. It perfectly adapts to pasture content. The wide trunk of the bronze turkey is elongated, with plumage closely fitting to the body.

Breeding

Of course, turkeys are not as popular in the market as, for example, chickens, but their meat is also in high demand. Moreover, this indicator is growing every year, especially in megacities.

Breeding turkeys (as a business) can begin by assessing the demand for this product. It's easiest to go through the grocery markets and ask the meat departments how many birds a day they sell. In addition, it is necessary to imagine the level of competition, as well as to study the question of how turkeys are sold, the price of which is considerable. If in this region there is already a large poultry farm, then it is unlikely to compete with it. Therefore, it is better to leave this venture and move on to something else. If you decided to do this, you will need to become a private entrepreneur and choose a system for taxation.

Premises

There are two types of growing turkeys - outdoors under a canopy and in specially equipped rooms. The first option is suitable only for residents of warm regions. Generally, turkeys withstand very little temperature conditions - up to fifteen degrees below zero without much trouble. However, it will be better if they are kept in comfortable conditions. Therefore, the turkey farm, well equipped - the best option. This is also worth considering.

And in the summer, when on the street the temperature rises to fifteen and above degrees, turkeys, whose breeding and maintenance require certain expenses, are transferred to the open air - with cells and a canopy above them.

Livestock

In each pen you need to adhere to a certain number of birds. The livestock can be divided according to the age principle. Birds, which are not yet a month, in one cage is not recommended to keep more than fifteen pieces, two - about 10, and older - about 5 individuals.

Taking into account the fact that the temperature regime should be maintained, it is necessary to take into account not only the heating costs, but also the maximum insulation of the walls of the premises, in order to be able to save a little in the future.

Market analysis

Like any other type of entrepreneurship, certain capital investments require the breeding of turkeys. The business plan should clearly define the types of products. It is noteworthy that there are a lot of chickens and broilers on the shelves today. There is a very big competition in this poultry industry. While turkey in stores can be seen not always and not everywhere, which means that there is no one to compete with. Nevertheless, a novice businessman needs to determine the marketing strategy for his products.

The manufacturer can offer the consumer the following types of goods: eggs and offal, feathers and down and, of course, meat. You can deliver products not only in the sales network, but also in workshops that manufacture semi-finished products, for meat-packing plants or sell it through your own retail network.

The key to the success of the newly organized farm will largely depend on a properly drawn up business plan. In general, according to experts, the breeding of this large poultry is different from all other types of agricultural activities: in this case a very high payback.

The main stages of the technological process

In addition to the premises, in order to successfully grow turkeys, the beginning businessman will need to take into account a number of important requirements, without which it is impossible to achieve the normal functioning of this enterprise.

The main stages of the technological process are as follows:

• Equipment of the premises with all necessary communications, such as electricity and ventilation, water supply. In addition, it is necessary to install and heating appliances.

• Establishment of automatic water supply, and if there is such a possibility, then feeds: this is done in order to minimize the number of staff working on the farm, which means that it is essential to save on wages.

• Ensure regular cleaning of cells: it is necessary to maintain maximum purity.

• Equipment of a special platform for poultry walking.

• Having a competent certified veterinarian who will constantly monitor the condition of turkeys and start treating them with the first symptoms of illness, preventing the general case.

• Selection of only high-quality feed: experts recommend that as little as possible give (or exclude altogether) various additives, which are positioned as accelerating the growth of chicks.

Observing all these basic and very important rules, the future businessman will be able to establish the normal operation of his small enterprise, whose profile will be the breeding of turkeys.

Where to buy young?

It should be purchased only in special incubators. These are either specialized large enterprises that cooperate with many farms, or small private firms engaged in breeding certain turkey breeds.

But in spite of the fact that in such private firms it is really possible to buy inexpensive qualitative livestock, experts advise all the same to address to larger breeders. This will solve in the future, when selling eggs or meat, the issue with a certificate of quality and veterinary agreement. As practice shows, it is with cooperation with such large incubators that there are fewer problems with the preparation of the relevant documentation.

We must also take into account the fact that adult individuals vary in weight: this characteristic depends on the breed of young animals. They are divided into:

• Light, females weigh five, and males - about ten kilograms;
• Average: seven and ten, respectively;
• Heavy - 15 and 31 kg.

The first two species of birds are the most popular and popular.

Equipment of factory and feed

Starting to grow turkeys, you must first purchase a standard kit. It should include incubators and autopilots, cages with feeders, heaters and lamps, as well as thermometers. All this provides normal conditions for growing turkeys. A special item in the business plan is an item of expenditure, that is, the funds that will go to purchase feed and mineral supplements.

The use of the most modern technologies will allow the future businessman to mechanize his production, and also create such conditions for the vital activity of this poultry, which will help to receive only high-quality products. It is very important to think in advance about what to feed the turkeys and how to take care of them. After all, this depends on the quality of meat, and the number of eggs.

But unfortunately, modern mechanized equipment is quite expensive. And this means that not every beginning entrepreneur is able to afford it.

With regard to feed, then, in addition to them, turkeys need vitamins. It is not necessary to save on this component in their diet, because these birds are quite "capricious."

Therefore, when developing a business plan, special attention should be paid to the natural mortality of a bird. On average, ten to fifteen percent of the heads do not live to the maturity stage.

Staff

To ensure the normal maintenance of turkeys, the future farmer will need to recruit zootechnics, a veterinarian, as well as a manager, sales manager and driver, who will deliver the goods to a variety of retail outlets. The number of working hands, of course, primarily depends on the scale of activity and the number of livestock.

Business plan

To be able to soberly assess the profitability of the company being opened, the beginning entrepreneur needs to analyze all possible costs and revenues.

In the item of expenses it will be necessary to include the cost of renting premises and utility payments, repairing the future farm, paying employees, purchasing and installing the necessary equipment, advertising, purchasing feeds and multivitamins, and preparing all necessary documentation. When calculating income in the business plan, you should consider the average revenue and monthly profit from breeding this bird.

conclusions

Cultivation of turkeys is a fairly profitable business, the profitability of which is about one hundred or even one hundred and fifty percent. However, there are certain risks, for example, diseases of livestock that can cause huge losses. That's why you need to buy only quality young animals: a turkey, whose price will seem very profitable, can eventually prove to be defective - sick or unfit for maintenance. In addition, a good veterinarian must work on the farm.