Anti-shock preparations: list and description of anti-shock kit

Anti-shock drugs are used by medics to help patients in critical situations for their life. Depending on these situations, physicians can use a variety of drugs. In resuscitation and burn departments, emergency and emergency personnel have mandatory anti-shock kits. Since the unforeseen situation can happen, unfortunately, not only in the presence of physicians, there must always be a first aid kit in every enterprise, in which there will be anti-shock drugs. Their short list we will consider in our article further.

The need for a first aid kit for anaphylactic shock

According to the recommendation of the Ministry of Health, the first aid kit, in which there are preparations of anti-shock therapy, should be not only in every dental and surgical room, but also in any enterprise. To have such a first-aid kit does not hurt in the house, at the same time it is necessary to have at least a minimum knowledge of how and in what cases to use its contents.

Unfortunately, medical statistics show that the number of cases of sudden anaphylactic shock increases every year. Provoke this shocking state can allergic reaction of a person to food, a medical product, contact with a cosmetic agent, or an insect bite. To foresee the probability of such an organism reaction coming in advance is almost impossible, and the huge problem of anaphylactic shock is the lightning speed of its development.

It is for this reason that the life of a person can depend on the availability of a drug in the medicine cabinet and an understanding of how to use it.

Anti-shock drugs: List

The Ministry of Health approved a list of drugs that should be in each medicine cabinet to help with the onset of anaphylactic shock. These include:

• "Adrenaline" (0.1%) in ampoules.
• "Dimedrol" in ampoules.
• A solution of sodium chloride.
• "Eufillin" in ampoules.
• "Prednisolone" (in ampoules).
• Antihistamines.

Next, we briefly consider the principle of action of each drug.

Why do I need to prick Adrenaline?

This medicine can be safely called the main drug in the anti-shock kit. If we consider its use in anaphylactic shock, it must be understood that when a strong allergic reaction occurs in the human body, suppression of hypersensitivity of immunity cells occurs. As a result, immunity begins to destroy not only the foreign agent (allergen), but also the cells of its own organism. And when these cells begin to die, the human body falls into a shock state. All of its systems begin to work in an intensive, emergency mode in order to provide the most important organs with oxygen.

The injection of "Adrenaline" (0.1%) instantly narrows the blood vessels, so that the circulation of the histamine produced by immunity decreases significantly. In addition, the introduction of "Adrenaline" prevents a rapid drop in blood pressure, which is accompanied by shock conditions. Also, the "Adrenaline" prick improves the functioning of the heart and prevents its possible stop.

"Dimedrol" - a remedy not only for insomnia

Most people who are not related to medicine mistakenly regard "Diphenhydramine" as an exclusively hypnotic drug. This medicine does have a hypnotic effect, but apart from that, "Diphenhydramine" is also an anti-shock drug. After the introduction, he dilates the blood vessels, while removing the spasm of the bronchi. In addition, it is an antihistamine. It blocks the production of histamine and further suppresses excessively active CNS activity.

For what in the anti-shock medicine cabinet needs a solution of sodium chloride

This solution is most often used in medical practice for dehydration, since after intravenous administration it is able to correct the work of various body systems. "Sodium chloride" is used as a detoxification drug. Also, with severe bleeding, this solution can raise blood pressure. With edema of the brain it is used as an osmotic diuretic.

"Eufillin" - quick help with bronchial spasm

This drug is quite a powerful bronchodilator. In a state of shock, it helps to activate additional life support mechanisms in the body. "Eufillin" is able to expand the bronchi and open the reserve capillaries, which stabilizes and greatly facilitates breathing in the state of shock.

"Prednisolone" - the closest analogue of the hormone produced by the body

"Prednisolone" is a fairly important drug in the care of a patient in a state of shock. By its action, it is able to suppress the activity of immune cells, which provoke cardiac arrest.

This synthetic hormone really is the closest analogue of the anti-shock hormone, which is independently released by the body in critical situations. After its introduction, the shock state of the body subsides in a very short time. It is worth noting that this antishock drug is used not only for anaphylactic shock. Physicians use it for burns, cardiogenic, intoxication, traumatic and operational shocks.

When should I use anti-shock drugs?

The shock state of the human body can provoke not only anaphylaxis on the basis of an allergic reaction. Anti-shock drugs are used to provide first aid and in other situations, they are especially relevant in cases when there is no possibility to deliver the victim promptly and there is a long-term transport.

To provoke the critical state of the human body, in addition to anaphylactic shock, the following situations can occur:

• pain shock;
• Serious injury;
• Infectious-toxic shock;
• Bite of poisonous insects, snakes and animals;
• Getting wounds;
• drowning.

In such cases, the list of anti-shock drugs may be supplemented with the following medicines:

1. "Ketanov" (a solution of ketorolac tromethamine) - is a strong anesthetic. Helps to restore severe pain in case of serious injuries.
2. "Dexamethasone" is a drug that is a glucocorticoid hormone. Has an active anti-shock effect, and also has a pronounced anti-inflammatory effect.
3. "Cordiamin" - 25% solution of nicotinic acid. Refers to the pharmacological group of respiratory stimulants. It also has a stimulating effect on the vasomotor center of the brain.

Depending on the situation and the degree of criticality of the patient's condition, doctors can use these drugs both together and separately.

Drugs used in critical situations in intensive care

In a hospital in order to help a patient in a critical condition, in addition to those we have already considered, other antishock drugs are used: solutions for administration:

1. "Polyglucin" - a drug that has a powerful anti-shock effect. Used by doctors as an anti-shock drug for wounds, burns, severe injuries and serious blood loss. After in / in the introduction, "Polyglucin" improves and activates coronary current and restores the total volume of circulating blood in the body. Also, the drug normalizes blood pressure and blood pressure. It should be noted that its greatest anti-shock effectiveness is manifested when combined with canned blood.
2. "Gemovinyl" - a medicinal solution, which is used for severe intoxication, traumatic and burn shock. It is often used to remove toxins from the body, since it is a strong adsorbent. Helps reduce the ascites and eliminates brain drain. A characteristic feature is that after the introduction of "Gemovinyl", an increase in body temperature is often observed.
3. "Polivinol" - a solution that is administered in / in with severe bleeding, serious injuries, burn and operational shock, which are characterized by a sharp drop in blood pressure. The drug rapidly increases the pressure, keeps the level of plasma circulating in the body and, if necessary, restores its volume (that is, it is used as a plasma substitute). With all the merits, this drug is not suitable for arresting shock conditions, which are accompanied by craniocerebral trauma and hemorrhage to the brain.
4. "Gelatinol" - 8% solution of hydrolyzed gelatin, which is administered in \ in with traumatic and burn shocks. It removes harmful and toxic substances from the body, performing the detoxification function.
5. "Droperidol" is a neuroleptic, antiemetic and protivoshokovy drug. Refers to a group of myotropic antispasmodics. Introduced intravenously with severe pain shock.
6. "Dexaven" refers to the pharmacological group of glucocorticoids. It is administered intravenously when there is an operational or postoperative shock. Also used for anaphylactic and traumatic shock and angioneurotic edema. It has a pronounced anti-allergic activity and strong anti-inflammatory properties.