Angiosclerosis of the retina - what is it? What is dangerous for hypertension?

Eye ailments are quite dangerous for a person, as they can provoke a complete loss of vision. To avoid such complications, experts recommend that you pay special attention to this organ, paying attention to the slightest changes. Therefore, it is necessary to know the symptoms and immediate causes of retinal angiosclerosis.

Angiosclerosis of the retina - what is it?

What kind of ailment and how can it affect the eyesight directly? Most patients care. Specialists note that retinal angiosclerosis develops against the background of hypertension. The main result of the disease is the modification of the fundus and the disorder of functionality in general. Consequently, depending on the extent of the lesion, retinal angiosclerosis will be different. In the process of deformation of the vessels of the fundus, the arteries acquire a varied thickness and a curved appearance. Sometimes there is a process of blockage of blood vessels. What is characteristic, this stage of the disease is complemented by the symptoms of the Salus-Gunn. Immediate consequences of the development of the disease can be:

1. Signs of blurred vision.
2. Myopia.
3. Retinal dystrophy.

Causes of the disease

Angiosclerosis of the retina is an exacerbation of hypertension. At the initial periods in patients with high blood pressure, angiopathy of the retina arises, which manifests itself in the direct modification of the eye vessels. As a rule, due to the variability, the vessels become bent and lose their flexibility.

Specialists note that retinal angiosclerosis is the second stage of angiopathy. Progression of the disease leads to a holistic thrombosis of the vessels and structured modifications of the mesh shell.

Angiosclerosis of the retina without proper treatment can provoke blindness.

Existing types and concomitant symptoms

Specialists distinguish 4 types of disease formation:

• Diabetic. This ailment can develop against the backdrop of improper treatment of diabetes. Physicians distinguish 2 subspecies of the disease: macro- and microangiopathy. In the second case, a direct reduction of the capillary walls is observed, which is fraught with a circulatory disorder. In macroangiopathy, large vessels are susceptible to modification. As a rule, during the development of the disease, there is a decrease in the lumens of the vessels, these changes can provoke blockage. If the disease is not diagnosed in time and the appropriate treatment is not carried out, complications such as hemorrhages, visual impairment, tissue hypoxia can occur.
• Hypertensive. With this form of the disease, direct expansion of the veins of the fundus, reduction of arteries, hemorrhage is observed. At this stage, the retina tissues are modified. But, as experts mark, with proper treatment it is possible to restore the organ.
• Hypotonic. With this form, the arteries expand.
• Traumatic. It is noted for traumas of the brain and spine.

Hypertensive retinal angiopathy

Hypertensive angiopathy is the initial stage in the formation of hypertension. The immediate signs are vascular disorders and pressure fluctuations. The initial stage, as a rule, does not affect the vessels. But with their stay for a long time in an expanded form, begins hyperemia of the fundus. As experts note, this provokes artery compression.

The second stage of the disease

Hypertensive angiosclerosis of the retina is the next stage in the modification of the fundus. As a rule, during the given period of the development of the disease the following modifications are observed:

• Thickened shells of arteries;
• Increases tortuosity;
• The color changes.

As experts note, sometimes arterial vessels become thinner so that they become threadlike.

Such changes can trigger the occurrence of thrombosis, aneurysm and bleeding. Sometimes the optic nerves are also subject to modifications.

It should also be noted that angiosclerosis of the retina is diagnosed by the presence of Salus-Gunn signs. What is characteristic, there are 12 of these symptoms, but physicians are guided by the three main ones. They include the following manifestations:

• The presence of a sclerotized elastic artery, which directly crosses the vein, thereby pushing it. As a result, its bending is insignificant.
• 2 nd stage. The vein flexes more, resulting in an arcuate shape. The place of the fold is clearly visible.
• At the intersection, the vein becomes almost invisible.

This kind of modification should be treated with a complex therapy under the supervision of an ophthalmologist and therapist. First of all, medical drugs are used to reduce blood pressure.

Hypertensive angioretinopathy and neuroretinopathy

Angioretinopathy and neuroretinopathy are the next stages of the development of the disease. At this stage of the development of the disease, increased permeability of the vessels is noted, which contributes to the occurrence of hemorrhages, swelling and whitish foci. At this stage of progression, retinal vessels retract. As experts note, bleeding can manifest as petechiae or strokes.

Strokes indicate a direct trauma to large networks of the main artery of the retina and an aggravation of the general condition of the patient. White foci in the area of the yellow ring provokes a weakening of vision.

As evidenced by expert reviews, the manifested angiosclerosis of the retina of both eyes at the stage of neuroretinopathy Speaks of an unfavorable prognosis both for the eyesight and for the life of the patient.

Treatment of angiosclerosis

First of all, a specialist should correctly diagnose retinal angiosclerosis. Treatment of this disease can not be done independently. Since an accurately diagnosed diagnosis and correctly selected treatment will help to avoid complications of the disease.

Therapy, as a rule, provides for a reduction in blood pressure. It is also possible to use medicines that contribute to:

• Treatment of atherosclerosis;
• Improvement of metabolism;
• Elimination of opacifications located on the fundus.

If the treatment methods used did not bring the desired result, then laser coagulation can be used.

The reason for diagnosing angiosclerosis in newborns

A disease of this kind in toddlers can be triggered by the resulting trauma at the time of birth. In the course of childbirth, intracranial pressure in a baby can increase, which causes swelling of the optic nerve and leads to a disorder of blood circulation in the vessels.

Specialists note that this pathology is rare and does not require special treatment.

Prophylaxis of ailment

To prevent the development of such an eye disease, experts recommend not to neglect the main preventive measures. These requirements include:

• It is necessary to control that the room is properly illuminated during operation.
• Do not read in transport.
• If you stay with your computer for a long time, you should take a break, so that your eyes can rest.
• Do gymnastics for the eyes.
• Follow the diet.

Also for the prevention of the disease can be used a variety of methods of non-traditional therapy. In order not to cause harm to the body and not to provoke the aggravation of the disease, all manipulations should be coordinated with a specialist. Only a doctor diagnoses retinal angiosclerosis. What is this and what complications can arise with improper treatment, we disassembled in the proposed article.