Automatic multi-level parking. Types of parking

Annually on the roads of the world is added about 25 million new cars. Therefore, the issue of parking lots, and especially in large cities, is really very acute. The profitability of the enterprise depends to a large extent on how convenient the parking near a commercial building or shopping center will be. The most convenient for car owners is, of course, automatic multi-level parking.

The main varieties

At the moment in the cities can be organized parking:

• Ground and underground;
  

• ; Planar and multilevel ;

• Capital and prefabricated.

Each of these varieties in this or that case may be the most convenient. Land parks are erected when there is enough free space near the shopping center or other commercial facility. Underground objects of this type of destination are usually equipped with a lack of space in the business building or in a residential building.

Prefabricated parking lots are built most often if you need to save time and start earning profits as quickly as possible from attracting customers or buyers. Such facilities are much cheaper than capital ones, and, consequently, they allow to save money at the initial stage of development of any business.

Automatic and mechanical parking

All types of parking lots existing in the modern world are classified not only in the place of organization, construction and the way of assembly. Any parking, among other things, can be automatic or mechanical. Of course, the construction and equipping of the objects of the first variety is usually more expensive. However, in operation, automatic parking is actually much more convenient than mechanical parking. The advantages of such objects are really just a huge amount.

In the flat parking of this type, equipment such as cash registers for accepting payments and racks-idifiers can be installed. Similar elements are used in multilevel parking lots. However, in this case, the list of equipment includes a few more technically much more complex and expensive devices.

Multi-level parking

Automated parking of this type are considered the most convenient. обственно сама многоуровневая парковка в сравнении с плоскостной имеют целый ряд преимуществ. With the multilayer parking itself, in general, compared to a flat one, there are a number of advantages. : These include the possibility of :

• Assembling in the most convenient places for clients;

• Placing a large number of cars in a limited area.

многоуровневые подземные парковки. In terms of saving space in particular, multi-level underground parking is convenient . акие сооружения обычно собираются непосредственно под зданиями. Such structures are usually collected directly under the buildings. Consequently, they do not occupy any useful space on the surface.

By design, multi-level parking lots can be automatic or semi-automatic. The most convenient is, of course, the first kind of parking.

Automatic multi-level parking lots

In addition to standard equipment such as cash registers and identification systems, special mechanisms are also used at these parking lots, allowing cars to be lifted into vacant spaces without human intervention. включает в себя, помимо всего прочего, управляющую компьютерную систему и разного рода сканеры и датчики. The "filling" of multi-level parking includes, among other things, a control computer system and all sorts of scanners and sensors.

Types of automatic multi-storey parking

The following types of parking of this type are classified:

1. Tower. многоуровневая парковка отличается прежде всего компактностью . Such multi-level parking is primarily characterized by its compactness . Pallets with cars in the parking lot of this species are located around a massive tower. The capacity of such parking lots can be about 70 cars per 50 m ² .

2. Conveyor. Parking lots of this type consist mostly of three or more levels. Cars on them can move both in the vertical direction and in the horizontal direction. The most expedient is the construction of conveyor parking in small and medium-sized areas.

3. Robotic. Such parking lots usually occupy large spaces and differ in the complexity of the construction. As the main equipment they use special robotic conveyors.

Semi-automatic multilevel parking

Parking of this type works a little differently. одитель сам заезжает на палету. In this case, the auditor visits the pallet himself. перемещается, в результате чего освобождается место для нового автомобиля. After the engine is muffled and the driver leaves the facility, the platform with the car moves, resulting in a space for the new car.

Equipment on parking of this type is used this:

• Scanners that determine the weight and dimensions of the machine;

• A computer system that looks for vacant places;

• Lifting mechanisms.

Benefits

многоуровневые парковки, фото к оторых представлены на странице, отличаются еще и следующими достоинствами: In addition to increased comfort for drivers, opportunities to save space and ease of maintenance, multi-level parking, the photos to which are presented on the page, also have the following advantages:

• Reducing the risk of car damage to zero;

• Beneficial influence on the environment.

The parking is done in this case without the participation of people. The work of the mechanisms themselves is verified with great accuracy. And this, in turn, completely eliminates the contact of cars between themselves and with objects that are on the parking lot. The engine of cars parked in this manner operates, a minimum amount of time. Consequently, very few harmful substances are released into the atmosphere.

Disadvantages of parking

The main disadvantage of automatic multi-tier parking is, of course, their dependence on power supply. In the absence of voltage in the network, the installation of cars, as well as their delivery, unfortunately, can be suspended. Which, of course, will cause discontent of motorists.

подъемников и площадок при отключении электроэнергии , на таких площадках обычно используются альтернативные источники питания. In order to exclude the risk of stopping the operation of lifts and platforms when power is cut off , alternative power supplies are usually used at such sites . строительства которой включает в себя в том числе и установку подобного дополнительного оборудования, обходится владельцу коммерческого здания, конечно же, дороже. Multilevel parking, whose construction plan includes, among other things, the installation of such additional equipment, costs the owner of a commercial building, of course, more expensive.

Features of operation

It is certainly very convenient to use multilevel parking for car enthusiasts. The time of delivery of the machine from the automatic parking of this variety is on the average 70-90 seconds. In principle, fully automated parking spaces do not require the presence of personnel at all. However, one - two employees in large parking lots usually always work. They can be contacted in case of any problems.

Construction of multi-level parking lots: features

борка подобной конструкции обычно включает в себя несколько этапов: Such a structure usually includes several stages:

• A project is drawn up;

• Installed capital or prefabricated supports;

• The equipment intended for automation is mounted.

составляются с учетом прежде всего будущих статических и динамических нагрузок на оборудование и элементы конструкции. When constructing such facilities as multi-level parking, projects are designed taking into account primarily the future static and dynamic loads on equipment and structural elements. Also, when designing schemes of such structures, of course, architectural features and style of the building or the area in which they will be installed are taken into account.

Parking Requirements

Of course, when assembling such structures, among other things, certain safety standards are also observed. в высоту многоуровневая парковка не может превышать 26.5 метра. So, for example, in height multi-level parking can not exceed 26.5 meters. This allows you to equip a maximum of 10-14 tiers of parking. Under the ground, such a structure can go no more than five levels.

Most of the modern facilities, in one way or another connected with transport and located within the city, are subject to certain requirements in terms of noise. There is no exception in this regard, and multi-level parking. стоянку, чтобы она не стала объектом, вызывающим у населения дискомфорт?", - ответ на этот вопрос также регулируется нормативами. "How to build a parking lot so that it does not become an object causing discomfort in the population?" - the answer to this question is also regulated by the regulations. правилам, не должен превышать 60 дБ на расстоянии 2-х метров. The noise level from automatic multi-storey parking lots, according to the rules, should not exceed 60 dB at a distance of 2 meters.

Lighting in parking of this type, since they are serviced without the participation of a person, is usually not provided. However, according to the rules, such facilities must necessarily be equipped with emergency lamps.

Parking in Russia and in the world

The popularity of the parking lot of this variety is really enjoyed simply huge. Some automatic multi-level parking facilities are truly grandiose. Autostadt . For example, in Germany in 2000 a city was built, called Autostadt . многоуровневая парковка является настоящим автомобильным аттракционом, посмотреть на который съезжаются владельцы машин со всей страны. The multi-level parking lot located here is a real car attraction, which is visited by car owners from all over the country.

In Russia the first automatic parking appeared in 2009 in Moscow. It is located near the Ostankino Tower. There are robotic parking lots in St. Petersburg. They are located in the business center Quattro Corti. Their capacity is 128 cars. There are such parking lots in other Russian cities, for example, in Yekaterinburg and Irkutsk.

Mini-Modules

The construction of a vertical automated parking lot is expensive. большие многоуровневые парковки (фото на странице масштабы таких сооружений демонстрируют наглядно) целесообразно, конечно же, только в очень крупных городах рядом с популярными торговыми центрами, комплексами отдыха, большими гостиницами и элитными жилыми зданиями. It is advisable, of course, to collect large multi-level parking lots (photos on the page, the scale of such facilities is evident) only in very large cities near popular shopping centers, rest complexes, large hotels and elite residential buildings. But to increase the convenience of parking for their customers, if desired, and owners of small commercial objects. All that is needed is to use special rotary mini-modules designed for several cars.

The mechanism of lifting in such parking lots is two contours of roller chains, between which the platforms for machines are suspended. In the event of a power outage in such devices, it is possible to manually move cars. These systems are managed by specially trained operators.

мобильные позволяют устанавливать 7-12 автомобилей там, где ранее размещалось не более двух. Multi-level open parking mobile allows you to install 7-12 cars where previously there were no more than two. таких конструкций при этом требует минимального количества сил, финансовых затрат и времени. The assembly of such structures requires minimal effort, financial costs and time.