The construction of mansard roofs

It would be foolish not to use the useful area of the attic in a dacha or in an apartment building. The room will be less than on the ground floor, but you can play the attic compositionally in different ways. If the roof is one-pitched, the attic is unlikely to work, you need a full-fledged second floor. A gable roof with a ridge on the center will make a room of about half the size of the first floor of the house.

In general, the construction of attic roofs is possible with a width of the first floor of not less than 5 m. And the angle formed by the roof slope and the overlap should be within 40º - 55º. A variant is possible, when the attic space goes beyond the first floor. Then, reliance is placed on the remote consoles in the ceiling and the columns to which the weight of the projecting part of the attic is distributed. Downstairs make a glazed or open veranda.

Often the side walls in the attic are beveled. This leads to the desire to increase the useful area of the room. But it is possible to make a room with vertical side walls, without reducing the space. This device is a broken roof skylight. It turns out to be a four-slope, the slopes are located one above the other. The angle forming the upper rays is blunt. Here the device of a rafter system of a mansard roof does not differ from usual: the racks resting in beams of overlap, lateral and ridge rafters, the top bandage of a wall. The number of vertical beams is usually equal to the number of side rafters, but so that the distance between them is not more than 2 m.

The design of the roof roofs assumes the insulation of the floors, similar to the insulation of the walls of living quarters. The multi-layered roof pie looks like this:

1. Roofing (it is advisable to use tiles for the attic);
2. External crate (counter-rail);
3. A vapor-permeable membrane;
4. Rafters (the heater is laid between them);
5. Vapor barrier material;
6. Rack crate;
7. Trim.

The floor of the attic (the ceiling of the first floor) has the same structure, with the only difference being that the insulation is laid between the bars forming the Mauerlat, and there is no roofing.

The first operation with which the construction of roof skylights begins is the assembly of the rafter system. Used a bar with a section of 100 × 100 mm, impregnated with antiseptic composition. Pre-packed waterproofing. In this capacity, a ruberoid can be used. Then, a vertical frame is assembled, vertical stands, Mauerlat (a grid of lumber that is a support and a base for the side rafters) are mounted on it. The beams of the Mauerlat are laid with a small indent from the outer wall of the house. It is fixed to the wall by brackets or bolts.

Now the side rafters are installed. For them the same bar is used, only it is desirable to choose with the minimum number of knots. Where the project provides for windows, the rafters are sewn together with two bars, which will serve as the basis for the window.

The construction of roof skylights ends with the installation of a ridge beam and the laying of the above-mentioned multi-layer roof pie. In principle, the installation process is simple, if everything is done by technology.