Where do dandelions grow? Dandelion: description

Every spring, in April-May, depending on climatic conditions, bright yellow flowers pleasing the eye, filling all the meadows, glades, city and garden green areas, parks, gardens. Just a few days around us there are whole fields of dandelions. They look very beautiful - juicy, bright green and yellow colors give an unusual fresh combination and good mood. But these plants can not be collected in a bouquet, as they very quickly fade. Although bright flowers often attract the attention of toddlers, who gladly collect them. Girls just on the colors of dandelions learn to weave wreaths.

Description

What kind of amazing plant is a dandelion? This is perennial. He refers to the family of astroids, or Compositae. Dandelions in the world are huge, and they are diverse.

There are more than 1000 species in the world. Some of them are very few and listed in the Red Book, as they are threatened with extinction.

Where does the flower grow?

In the European part, mainly dandelion ordinary grows, which, unlike others, is widespread. This species in Russia alone has about a hundred varieties. Places where dandelion grows can be found almost all over the planet. Due to their unpretentiousness they grow both in moderately cold climatic conditions and in subtropical ones. That's why they are on different hemispheres of the earth. But especially many such flowers in the Eurasian part of the planet. It is here that you can see whole fields of dandelions.

In Russia and CIS countries, a wild dandelion grows, with which they try to fight as a weed. Although in the US, Italy, Britain, China and some other countries specially grow it. In these countries there are huge fields where dandelions grow. There they are carefully looked after as a useful, eaten plant.

What is the root system of a dandelion? Why is Russia struggling with this plant?

Dandelion leaves appear in the first year in the form of rosettes, thus a very developed, ramified root system is formed. It can reach 50 centimeters in length.

It is for this reason, if this happens in the suburban area, then the gardener is added work. Since the plant prevents growing cultural plantations. Wherever dandelions grow, if they do not get rid of them completely, the garden cultures will die. Even if the weed is cut or dug, it may reappear. This is due to the fact that even in a sloping and dug up form seeds can ripen and spread by the wind. In addition, the shoots from the root are also capable of producing new shoots.

Gardeners, truck farmers and crop growers have developed a whole system of combating dandelions and other weeds. Some crop growers struggle with them by means of peeling. Others use the method of early autumn plowing. Still others turn to the method of early clean fumes. Sometimes specially planted perennial fodder grass, such as clover.

Ogorodnikam advised in time to weed and deeply cut the roots, immediately throwing the remnants away from the garden plot.

Urban landscapers must timely cut the roots or cross the entire lawn. In some places, grass is cut regularly. In cities, dandelions are constantly mowing also because some people have fluffy seeds that cause allergic reactions.

Stem

In the second year, dandelion stems appear. The stem of the dandelion is long, hollow inside. Later on, a bright yellow flower appears on it, which is then inseminated. Some types of dandelions have a lilac or purple flower, as well as white inflorescences with a yellow midpoint.

The seeds are arranged in baskets of a rounded shape, so that the achenes become a fluffy ball, which easily succumbs to the breeze of the wind and spreads the seeds. Dandelion is one of the few plants that can bloom for a very long time, from May to late autumn.

Why is it called medicinal? Dandelion Properties

Despite the fact that this plant is considered a weed, it has certain benefits. It is not for nothing that dandelion vulgaris is also called medicinal. Since ancient times it has been used as a folk remedy for many ailments. But only at their gathering it is necessary to select carefully a place where dandelions grow. Do not tear the plant along the roads, in the city, next to industrial facilities. It is better to do it in ecologically clean areas.

Dandelions are used for the prevention and treatment of blood diseases, atherosclerosis, diabetes, skin diseases, as a diuretic, diuretic, antispasmodic, soothing, hypnotic and diaphoretic. Dandelion is used as a choleretic. Also, the plant is recommended as a treatment for chronic liver diseases.

For treatment, roots and young leaves of dandelion, as well as flowers, are used. All this is collected in May-June. The roots can be excavated both in spring and in autumn. Take for medicinal purposes a plant in the form of broths and infusions. Dandelion juice is used to treat skin diseases and get rid of warts. In addition, there is a very interesting recipe, which is called "Elixir of the Sun". For this, in the bank layers of dandelion flowers and sugar are added, gently squeezed, squeezing the juice. Then this juice is drunk on a teaspoonful or added to tea. In some European countries fresh dandelion flowers are simply chewed for the treatment of diseases.

Tea from dandelions: indications and contraindications

People who watch their health often use dandelion as a tea. To do this, finely ground roots and finely cut leaves are poured with boiling water, insist for 15 minutes. Drink such tea is recommended in the morning and in the evening for four to six weeks. Only in case of prolonged use can you feel the curative effect. Dandelion tea is a wonderful diuretic, cleansing agent for slags. It is believed that it helps to remove stones and sand from the gallbladder, but not at the stage of exacerbation.

And of course, people who have stones in the gall bladder can drink dandelion tea only under the supervision of a doctor, otherwise there may be complications. Therefore, do not forget that when you use dandelion inside there are some contraindications. Do not eat and use as a medicine dandelion to people prone to diarrhea. In addition, it is contraindicated to take the gastritis and gastric ulcer inside.

Medicine

Dandelions are used not only in folk, but also in official medicine. Extracts of this unusual plant are part of the medicines of a diuretic, choleretic properties.

Using

As mentioned above, in some countries people like to use dandelions for food. In China, they are added to completely different dishes. In France, Italy, America, dandelions are a delicacy from which salads are made, and in the UK even wine is made. During the years of military deficit in European countries, a surrogate resembling coffee was made from the roots of the plant. In some countries, syrups and even preserves are made from dandelions.

In Russia, salad from dandelions are used occasionally, only for medical and preventive purposes. When preparing a salad of dandelions, the main thing is to follow several rules. In food, leaves are used. Salad should be cooked in May or June, when the plants are still young and fresh. Dandelion leaves are finely chopped and kept for 30 minutes in salted water to remove bitterness. Then seasonings are added to the greenery of the dandelion, it can be combined with boiled eggs or grated carrots. The old plant is not fit for food.

The roots of some dandelion species contain rubber. In the US, the plant is cultivated for the purpose of extracting it and making cheap rubber. How much is this possible and how much raw material is needed for this? These issues are still only at the stage of study.