What to spray grapes in the fall? Autumnal processing of grapes from diseases

The harvest of grapes has ended, and it's time to think about preparing a vine for wintering. There is nothing particularly complicated in these actions. The only question that you can think about when you do not know is: "Why should you spray grapes in the fall?" But first things first.

And in the autumn it is necessary to water

Not all realize the importance of autumn watering of grapes . However, such irrigation is favorable for the accumulation of moisture in the soil for a new growing season. Even more urgent is this theme in the arid autumn. Cracked and porous from lack of moisture, the earth lets frosty air to the roots of the plant, which leads to their damage or even death.

Therefore, the preparation of grapes for winter includes mandatory water recharge, unless, of course, the autumn was not rich rain. In that case, it will be superfluous.

It is most effective to carry out the irrigation of the grapes on the grooves, previously excavated around or along the bushes. Otherwise, the water will scatter in all directions. And the roots will not get anything. It is advisable to carry out water charging in October, using a considerable amount of water.

Loosening

Not only does moisture maintain such a procedure as loosening the soil. It also facilitates the saturation of the soil with oxygen. After all, if you periodically break down the crust, which is constantly formed on the ground, air is much better and faster penetrates to the roots of the plant. And this is also an essential condition, which includes the preparation of grapes for winter.

In addition, loosening helps to cope more effectively with weeds. Not to mention the fact that after it the earth absorbs water very well when it rains or watering the plant.

Alternative to loosening may be mulching, some gardeners prefer it. Mulch also prevents the formation of a crust on the soil.

Fight against diseases

After removing the last berries from the bushes, it is necessary to conduct a thorough examination of the vine and foliage for their infection with pests. Autumn processing of grapes from diseases is a guarantee that next year it will well bear fruit. After all, the main thing is to notice the infection in time and prevent the spread of the infection.

In view of the fact that the crop is harvested, chemical agents can be used as preparations against diseases and pests. So what to spray the grapes in the fall?

When mildew is damaged (on the leaves you can find yellow or dirty-gray oily stains), the plant must be treated with special preparations such as Amistar, Efal, Cartocid, Strobi and others.

Oidium is the second most common disease of grapes. The unpleasant smell of rotten fish is a sign of this disease. How to process grapes in this case? It is recommended spraying with colloidal sulfur (5 grams of substance are taken for 4 liters of water). Suitable and a solution of manganese-acid potassium (for 10 liters of water - 5-7 grams of the drug). The drugs "Fundazol", "Falcon" and others will also help.

Disease prevention

If there are no obvious diseases when inspecting the plants, than to spray the grapes in the fall and whether it should be done at all?

Experienced gardeners conduct preventive treatment of grapes 4-5 times throughout the season. As a result, they manage to collect good harvests without knowing what diseases are. The penultimate prophylactic treatment is performed shortly before the ripening of the berries. And when to spray grapes in the fall? This should be done after harvesting, in September, to avoid the autumn outbreak of disease. In this treatment, mildew preparations (Vulpan, Ridomil, Kuproksat) and from the oidium (Euparen, Tilt-250, Topaz) should be used. You can also apply the "Plantafol 5:15:45" for the simultaneous top dressing of the vineyard with potassium, which contributes to the better maturation of the vine.

Calculation of dosage of drugs

When we spray the grapes, we have found out, now we will consider the calculation of the dosage of the means. This is also very important point, which should not be ignored. Calculation of dosage of drugs should be done, focusing on the area occupied by the vineyard, and not on the capacity of the sprayer. If the package of the used preparation notifies that it is enough for 10 liters of water and for 2 hundred parts, then to use a sprayer with a capacity of 10 liters of a vineyard in 4 weave, 2 packs should be used. You can find in the literature a description of the dosage of this product per hectare, and count for the area of its vineyard. Then it will be possible to use so much water that the solution just enough for the area to be treated.

Feeding is also needed

During the fruiting period, the plants lost their strength, so it is necessary to feed them before wintering.

Organic fertilizers with the addition of wood ash are best for grapes. But it's important not to overdo it. Conducting the simplest procedure of mulching soil compost or prey manure will be enough for the autumn feeding. And this is much better than treating the grapes with some special fertilizers.

True, there is an opinion that for more abundant fruiting, once in 3-4 years, it is still necessary to enrich the soil with microelements. For example, for 1 square. M 10 g of potassium salt and 20 g of aqueous extract of superphosphate. You can add a few more grams to choose from: zinc sulphate, boric acid, potassium iodine, manganese sulfate.

Some gardeners advise once in 2-3 years to use potassium phosphate fertilizers from the calculation of 25 g of potassium sulfate and superphosphate per 1 square meter. Carry out root feeding best in late autumn.

Pruning of grapes in autumn

When the last foliage of the vineyard falls, in two weeks you can start pruning the bushes. Previously, this should not be done because of the threat to prevent the completion of the processes of photosynthesis, so that in all parts of the plant there is an accumulation of nutrients. Procrastination is fraught with the onset of frost, when it is too late to decide on what to process the grapes for the winter or how to cut it right?

Pruning in the first place involves the removal of sick and old shoots. Only after this, you can start examining healthy sprouts, they too should be weeded out. However, we should not forget that not all grapes can survive the winter, so there must be a reserve left. In the spring, you can return to the trimming procedure and finally form the grape bushes as you wish.

We hide grapes for the winter

If local winters are not characterized by severe frosts, and grape varieties are cold-resistant, then there is no need to cover bushes for this period. In all other cases, it is worth doing, otherwise you can remain without harvest.

There are two ways of hiding the bushes. In the first case, the vine bends down to the ground level, and then hides itself. In the second - it is not removed from the trellis, shelter is made directly to them.

Material for this is used different: both film, and sawdust with foliage, and lapnik. The latter has significant advantages: it is well ventilated and retains the snow cover. The film, on the contrary, hinders ventilation, with warming both humidity and the temperature under it increase, which is fraught with the development of decay processes.

When carrying out the whole complex of preparations for the vine for winter, including the correct approach to the question of how to spray grapes in the fall, you can be quite sure that a good harvest will be grown in the new season.