What is the purpose of the student's activity? Educational activity of students. Learning Objectives

Education is the process of mastering the achieved results of the development of society. In the process of socialization, people are attached to the standards of behavior, values, the totality of knowledge that society has produced over a long period of development.

Educational activity as an element of the education system

Education is carried out in stages, depending on the purpose, age, learning objectives. Pre-school, for children aged 6-7 years, gives an initial idea of the world around them. Classes are carried out in gaming, visual forms, which are the most accessible for perception at this age.

The right to receive compulsory general education is enshrined in the Constitutional Norm, which emphasizes its importance in the process of socialization - the adaptation of the individual to the system of public relations. This is an important stage of training, so it is necessary to understand what is the purpose of the student's activity and under what conditions it is achieved.

Educational Activity

Teaching is a mental process of the specific activity of human society, which is regulated by a conscious goal. The doctrine takes place only in the case when the activity is managed and regulated by certain learning tasks to achieve the goal.

Successful implementation of the learning process requires a set of strong-willed and cognitive qualities. Their totality (memory, imagination, psychological readiness) is determined depending on what the purpose of the student's activity is, and can differ significantly at different stages of educational activity.

Educational activity differs from other forms by the prevalence of the Gnostic aspect in it. Its purpose is to know the world around us.

This is a directed expedient process, as a result of which a person acquires a new level of cognition, enters a new quality of life.

Process and learning objectives

The learning process makes sense if it is directed, with a certain vector of motion and a coordinate system, which makes it possible to estimate the degree of correspondence of the course to this vector. A set of means, methods, forms, methods of training, types of activity of the pupil depends on the set goal. In turn, the combination of forms and methods affects the quality, effectiveness and speed of achieving the goal.

Currently, approaches to learning are called person-oriented. What does it mean? A pupil is seen in this approach not as an object of educational activity, for which they decide where and how he moves in cognition. The disciple himself determines the goals of his development. It is clear that a child, a teenager in this process can not always formulate the goal of training, assess their capabilities and choose development methods. All this remains in the competence of teachers. However, the task of a wise teacher is to help the student in his self-determination. What is the purpose of the student's activity? To achieve in the process of teaching the level of competence that is possible within the framework of his personal psychological and social characteristics and maximally reveals his personality.

Learning Objectives

To achieve the goal of the activity in the learning process, a set of tasks is solved that are the markers of the process, which simultaneously do not allow you to go astray and are the criteria for the success of training. The student's learning activities are determined by the following tasks:

• Knowledge. Expand the amount of information on the subject of the exercise.
• Skills. Formation of the ability to apply the acquired knowledge in practice.
• Skills. Achievements of a certain level of practical result in the systematic use of acquired skills.

The tasks and purpose of the teaching predetermine the types, forms and methods of implementation of educational activities. Their effectiveness and choice depends on the socio-psychological characteristics of the student.

Conditions for successful learning activity

The results of the process of cognition depend on who the student is. Characteristics of the activity of the student must take into account his gender, age, personal characteristics, level of intelligence, especially the upbringing. There are objective and subjective characteristics that are important to take into account in the choice of certain forms of student learning.

Among the objective parameters include: age and sex characteristics, personality psychotypes. Subjective factors will be the characteristics of education, personal abilities and inclinations of the child. The student's learning activities must necessarily be based on objective data, age differences, and individual characteristics. If this is a child of an extrovert, a hyperdynamic boy of 5 years of age, then it is hardly possible to form a skill to sew clothes for dolls, however, there are always exceptions.

Types and forms of training activities

Forms and activities can be combined, diversified and modified to suit the particularities of the teaching. There are a large number of options with which you can achieve excellent learning outcomes (provided they are correctly selected):

• Lessons in the form of discussions.
• Theatrical lessons.
• Quiz.
• Creative workshops.
• Role-playing learning games.
• Protection of projects.

Forms can also be group, individual, teamwork, independent activity, self-control and so on.

All of them form a field of opportunity for the manifestation of the talents and characteristics of students. Characteristics of the main activities of the student should disclose the motives of his actions, identify needs and put adequate tasks to the process.

Characteristics of training activities

Known in the field of pedagogical psychology, the scientist Leontiev A. N. singled out the following main characteristics, which are now exhaustive for the analysis of students' learning activities. What determines the characteristics of the student's activities?

First of all, this is the need of the student in the learning process, an important educational task that is decided at a certain stage in the learning process. The effectiveness of the process depends directly on the motives of the student's learning activities and the corresponding operations, actions and techniques.

• Educational problem. The peculiarity of this moment is that, when correctly formulated, the student not only finds the answer to the question, he acquires a universal algorithm of actions in an unlimited number of options with similar parameters.
• Need. The desire to master the subject area in which students' learning activities take place in order to achieve the educational goal.
• Motives. Personal needs of the student, which are solved as a result of mastering certain knowledge, achieving the goal.

Education and development

Standards of modern education are aimed at a harmonious combination of learning and development of children. But the real solution to this crucial issue directly depends on the level of professionalism of teachers, the culture of parents, their knowledge and the application in the process of education of the basic concepts of age psychology and pedagogy.

With a competent answer to the question of what is the purpose of the student's activity, the parameters of the zone of his near development are set. What does this mean?

According to Vygotsky LS, there is a certain gap between the actual development of the child (what he is able to decide and do himself) and what the child is capable of as a result of the accompaniment of a competent instructor (teacher). It is these parameters that determine the learning objectives. In order for this distance to be successfully overcome and the child has a steady desire to develop his abilities, it is important to pay attention to the motives of the exercise. In this process, not only teachers should take part, but, more importantly, the student's parents.

Recommendations for the formation of student motivation

1. Initially, the child must understand that teaching is an area of his personal responsibility. Do not follow the child's direct functions - preparation of homework, school fees. It is better to leave it at the level of control, with a gradual transition to self-control.
2. Show personal sincere interest in the field in which the activities of the student are carried out, and evaluate the results (even, in your opinion, insignificant) in the process of learning.
3. Never compare a child with other children. To note his personal growth compared to what he was yesterday and what has changed personally in him. There is always something to praise your child for! All children are brilliant.
4. To concentrate on achievements, not to blame for failure, it is necessary to teach the child with dignity to get out of difficult situations, without losing faith in himself. Characteristics of the student's activities should be carried out only in a positive manner.
5. To help the child see the real connection of success in mastering theoretical knowledge with the level of practical benefit and expediency.
6. To develop a system of incentives with a short purpose - for a day, a week, a month, an academic period (a quarter, half a year) and with a prospect - for a year.

Remember that the independence of the child depends largely on the position of the parent - friend, counselor, authority. A success - from the ability to help the child to believe in their strength.