What is retinopathy in diabetic patients? Retinopathy in diabetes mellitus: symptoms, treatment with folk remedies

Diabetes mellitus is becoming one of the most common diseases. An illness can undermine the health of not only an adult, but also a child. This tendency is associated primarily with a variety of factors that can affect the state of the human body: chronic fatigue, all kinds of stressful situations, excess weight, reduced physical activity, long sitting, unfavorable environment, and poor nutrition.

A Dangerous Perspective

Retinopathy in diabetes mellitus is not the only concomitant disease. As some studies show, by about 2025 a critical mark will be established. Scientists suggest that 300 million people will suffer from diabetes. And this is 5% of the world's population.

Features of diabetes mellitus

To prevent retinopathy in diabetes mellitus quickly, you need to know how to prevent it. This requires an understanding of how the disease works. The main sign of diabetes is an increase in the patient's blood sugar level. In a healthy person, the hormone insulin is produced by the cells of the pancreas. It is this substance that regulates metabolic processes, primarily sugar, proteins and fats.

In diabetes mellitus, insufficient amounts of insulin are produced. As a result, there are violations not only in terms of metabolism. In the blood sugar rises. The cells of the organism under such conditions are not able to work normally.

Deficiency of insulin leads to violations of the metabolism of fats, as well as to the accumulation of cholesterol. This substance gradually accumulates on the walls of the vessels and leads to sad consequences. Diabetes often affects the eyes, kidneys, heart, visual apparatus, as well as vessels located in the lower limbs.

When there is retinopathy in diabetes mellitus

After 5-10 years after the first symptoms of diabetes mellitus, the person develops diabetic retinopathy. In case of type 1 disease, this phenomenon proceeds violently. Retinopathy rapidly develops and becomes proliferative. If the patient has type 2 diabetes, then all changes are mostly observed in the central zone of the retina. Often develops maculopathy. It is usually cystic and leads to a deterioration in central vision.

Why there is diabetes mellitus and concomitant diseases

Several main reasons for the development of diabetes mellitus have been identified. Avoiding further aggravation of the disease, it is possible to prevent the development of retinopathy. Among the main reasons:

1. Obesity.
2. Hereditary predisposition.
3. Diseases of the pancreas that cause changes in beta cells, such as cancer, pancreatitis and so on.
4. Viral infections, including influenza, epidemic hepatitis, chicken pox, rubella and so on. Such ailments are something like a trigger for those at risk.
5. Nervous stress.

Can I immediately diagnose retinopathy

Retinopathy in diabetes mellitus is not diagnosed immediately, because the patient's body is quite complex processes. Often, the disease becomes noticeable only after the appearance of certain complications. As the statistics show, retinopathy in type 1 diabetes is present in almost 99% of all patients.

This disease is a serious complication. Retinopathy affects primarily the vessels located in the mesh shell directly in the eyeball. There is a complication in more than 90% of all patients with diabetes mellitus. The main sign of the ailment is a worsening of visual acuity and disturbances, because of which a person ceases to see normally. People with diabetes are most likely to get blind. Identify the first signs of retinopathy possible. For this it is necessary to undergo a thorough examination with ophthalmologists.

Diabetic retinopathy: symptoms

The disease occurs mainly without obvious symptoms. In the early stages, the patient does not experience problems with vision and does not notice a decrease in his acuity. Retinopathy in diabetes mellitus becomes apparent only after a hemorrhage occurring within the eye. At this point, the patient appears a continuous shroud and dark spots. After a while these signs completely disappear.

However, the hemorrhage passes for the patient not without a trace. As a result of such a violation, a complete loss of vision may occur. After all, inside the vitreous body begins to form strands, which can lead to detachment of the retina.

In addition, there is a swelling of the central departments responsible for the ability of a person to read and observe small objects. In such cases, the veil returns to the eyes again. Reading, doing work at close range, as well as sewing, knitting and embroidering are almost impossible.

Classification of retinopathy

Diabetic retinopathy, the symptoms of which are described above, has several varieties. The classification of this disease was established in 1992. It was approved by the World Health Organization. This classification still applies. Retinopathy can be:

1. Unprofiled. This is a kind of pathological change occurring in the retina of the eye. It manifests itself, as a rule, hemorrhages, microscopic aneurysms, the shape of which is a dark spot or a point.
2. Pre-proliferative. Similar retinopathy in diabetes mellitus, the photo of which can be seen below, is a venous anomaly. They have a tortuous contour and loops, a considerable amount of exudates. Often with this violation, there is a large number of large hemorrhages.
3. Proliferative. In this case there is neovascularization of the disc, which is located in the optic nerve. In this case, there is a hemorrhage in the vitreous. As a result, a fibrous tissue is formed in the damaged area. The newly created vessels differ fragility and very thin walls. It is in them and there are repeated hemorrhages. Vessels that are formed in the iris of the eye, often lead to the emergence of secondary glaucoma.

Stages of retinopathy

What happens in diabetic retinopathy? The stages of this disease are determined by the characteristics characteristic of them. There are three periods of the disease:

1. Easy stage. This period is typical for non-proliferative retinopathy. This is the earliest stage of the disease. During this period, microaneurysms develop - they are peculiar swellings in the form of balls, formed in small vessels of the retina.
2. Moderate stage. When the disease progresses, there is a blockage of blood vessels, which are necessary for normal feeding of the retina.
3. Heavy stage. With such an ailment, a large number of vessels are clogged. In this case, insufficient blood flow is observed in the retina. At this stage, the body receives signals that it is necessary to create new vessels to resume normal nutrition of tissues.

Non-proliferative and proliferative retinopathy

Non-proliferative retinopathy in diabetes mellitus is characterized by the formation of an aneurysm in the central zone. It can also occur near the large veins that pass through the layers of the retina. In this case, there are exudative foci in the fundus. As a rule, they have a white or yellow shade, as well as fuzzy boundaries. With this ailment, retinal edema is noted, located in the central region, as well as in the central and larger vessels. This phenomenon is the main symptom of nonproliferative retinopathy in diabetes mellitus.

As for the proliferative variety of the disease, this is the latest stage of the disease. Because the retina does not receive enough nutrition, new vessels with fragile and thin walls begin to form. They are often called anomalous. Such vessels grow along the retina, and also cover a significant part of the vitreous body located inside the eye. They are not able to disturb vision, but are very fragile. Of them, as a rule, leaks blood. As a result, there is a visual impairment, which has serious consequences. Often the disease leads to complete blindness.

Top Tips for Therapy

It is treated with retinopathy in type 2 diabetes and type 1 in completely different ways. After all, their symptoms are not the same. In some cases, the disease can not be cured completely without surgical intervention. As a rule, therapy for the disease is carried out in a complex manner. Before the appointment of a patient, the patient should be examined not only by the oculist, but also by the endocrinologist. If the ailment is in the second or in the third stage, then the medication will not be enough. In such a situation, laser photocoagulation of the retina is required. This is the most effective method.

Retinopathy in diabetes mellitus, the symptoms of which can manifest only at the last stage, a complex disease. Therapy is performed with strict adherence to insulin therapy, as well as with the formulation of the right diet for the patient. It is forbidden for a patient to consume large amounts of animal fats. They are usually replaced with plant products. Exclude from the diet is digestible carbohydrates. With such a disease, they are very harmful.

Products and preparations

Treatment of retinopathy in diabetes is a complex process that requires patience. First of all, it is necessary to make a diet for the patient. Experts recommend eating foods that have lipotropic components useful for their eyes. The menu of the patient should include broccoli, black currant, blueberries and viburnum, hot and sweet pepper, Brussels sprouts, sea cabbage. In addition, the diet should include products such as fresh potatoes, dairy products, liver, fish oil and so on.

In addition, it is worth taking vitamin complexes. Group B drugs are very useful for patients with diabetes mellitus. They can be taken not only inward, but also parenterally.

On the walls of the vessels are positively affected by vitamins such as E, P and C. They have a protective effect. Effective angioprotective drugs are Doxium, Dicycin, Anginin.

Reception of medicines should be carried out only by appointment of experts. Treatment of retinopathy in diabetes mellitus is not only the use of medicines. This disease requires regular and thorough ophthalmological examinations. In addition, it is necessary to regularly take tests to determine the level of sugar in the blood.

Herbal preparations from the pharmacy

So, retinopathy in diabetes mellitus, the symptoms of which become more pronounced in the last stages, is a disease that is very difficult to cure. In the pharmacy you can buy drugs on a plant basis. Here is the list of the most effective:

1. Tanakan. This drug is prescribed often enough. This drug is made from a plant such as ginkgo biloba. Take the drug should be eaten three times a day for one tablet. The course is not less than three months.
2. Neurostrong. This is another effective drug. It is made from several components: blueberries, B group vitamins, ginkgo biloba and lecithin. The drug is able to improve blood circulation, providing cells with normal breathing. This eliminates the risk of hemorrhages and blood clots. Assign "Neurostrong" up to 4 times a day for one tablet.
3. "Dibikor". Before such a preparation, retinopathy recedes with diabetes mellitus. How to treat the disease with such a tool? Assign the drug to half a gram to two times a day. Use the drug should be about 20 minutes before the morning and evening meals. Course - 6 months. The agent is able to improve metabolism and saturate the cells of tissues with useful components.

Scarlet with ailment

Retinopathy in type 2 diabetes mellitus, whose treatment with folk remedies is allowed, can cause serious consequences. Preparations of alternative medicine are usually used for the prevention of an ailment. If the symptoms of the disease have not yet manifested itself or if the disease is at an early stage, then you can try preparations based on aloe.

This plant has unique properties and is used to treat many problems. In order to prepare a medicine, you need aloe, the age of which does not exceed three years. The plant should be carefully examined and choose healthy and fleshy leaves. They should be washed thoroughly, and then wrapped in paper. It is better to use parchment. The obtained raw materials should be held for a while on the bottom shelf of the refrigerator. To be more precise, it will take about 12 days. Only after this, the aloe leaves can be crushed. To do this, it is better to use a meat grinder or a blender.

The resulting mass is to be squeezed out using gauze. The juice must be filtered using a sufficiently dense fabric, and then put on a fire and bring to a boil. The resulting composition should be cooked for about three minutes.

Keep the juice ready for a long time. The drug begins to lose its properties very quickly. Therefore, to prepare this way a better means before the very reception. Take aloe juice three times a day on a teaspoon for half an hour before meals. In addition, the drug can be instilled in the eye. It should be done at night. It will be enough a few drops. However, when digging in, you should be more careful. To conduct such therapy is only with the permission of the attending physician.

Infusions and juices

How else retinopathy is removed in diabetes mellitus? Treatment with folk remedies is usually prescribed to maintain the patient's condition, as well as for prevention. If the disease is at an early stage, then such drugs can stop its further development. In nontraditional medicine, various herbal infusions are used.

One effective is a preparation based on calendula. To make it, you need to grind the flowers of this plant and pour hot water. Half a liter of boiling water requires three teaspoons of raw materials. The container with grass should be wrapped and insisted for three hours. Ready-made composition is well filtered. Take the infusion of calendula need up to four times a day for ½ cup. The same drug of alternative medicine can be used for instillation of the eyes.

A good effect is provided by the infusion, prepared on the basis of blueberries. To prepare this medicine, you need to fill a glass of boiling water with a tablespoon of berries. Infuse the drug for an hour. Ready to drink a day.

Juices from various berries are also useful. After all, they contain a large number of useful components. To combat retinopathy in diabetes mellitus, you can drink a drink made from cowberries. It is worth noting that the daily use of this juice helps to overcome at the initial stage even carinetropathy.

Awesome collection

To eliminate retinopathy in diabetes, you can use a variety of fees. If you want, you can prepare this yourself. Here is one of the effective prescriptions of alternative medicine.

For preparation it is required: crushed burdock root, crushed leaves, as well as willow bark, bean leaves, spores, bearberry, nettle, walnut, birch and mint leaves. Components should be taken in equal proportions. In a deep container, all the ingredients of the collection should be combined, and then mixed. A tablespoon of the resulting mixture should be brewed half a liter of boiling water. The drug should be infused for an hour. After that you need to strain it. Use such a collection should be half the glass, preferably before meals. Course - not less than 3 months. The effect will be achieved if you use the product without interruption. Now you know what is retinopathy in diabetic patients. Do not forget that any therapy with unconventional methods should not be conducted without the advice of specialists. Otherwise it can only do much harm.