What is a neural tissue

Nervous tissue (HT) is considered to be a structural element of the nervous system originating from the brain and ending with nerve endings. If we consider the structure of the nervous tissue, it can be noted that it consists of nerve cells called neurons, associated auxiliary cells (non-iroglias), as well as fibers and endings, it also includes vessels and connective tissue.

Developing from the ectoderm, HT forms the central nervous system. In it, the cells are assembled into groups, so a gray matter appears, while the fibers collect in bundles, forming a white matter.

Nervous tissue is characterized by conduction and irritability. So, the stimuli entering the cells are transformed into impulses that are given to the appropriate organs, tissues or muscles. HT cells process and store information and can retrieve it from memory if necessary.

The neuron consists of the nucleus and the surrounding cytoplasm (pericarion), where the mitochondria, ribosomes, the Golgi complex, Nissl's substances and so on are located. From it depart the processes, which are represented by two species.

1. Dendrides - on them the impulse is transferred to the body of the cell. They have a length of 0.2 μm.

2. Neuritis (axon) - on it the impulse is transmitted from the body of the cell. It ends with branches, forming connections with other neurons or tissues of organs.

It should be noted that nerve cells can carry out pulses strictly in one direction.

Nervous tissue has three types of nerve cells:

1. Afferent - generate impulses.

2. Efektornye - induce tissue organs to action. This includes motor neurons and neurosecretory cells (involved in the regeneration process).

3. Associative - form connections between nerve cells.

Nerve fibers are the processes of neurons surrounded by lemocytes. They are bezmielinovye and myelin. Depending on their structure, they are part of the structure of a particular department of the nervous system.

Nerve fibers terminate in special apparatuses, called nerve endings, with the help of which fibers connect with various elements of tissues. Endings are of two types: affectors and synapses. The first conduct excitation from the fabric to the fiber, the latter, on the contrary, from fiber to fabric.

Neural tissue also has a neuroglia, that is, a group of cells that are located between neurons. These cells perform such functions as protective, secretory, demarcating, supporting and trophic. They participate in conducting excitation through the fibers during their regeneration and degeneration.

Thus, considering the functions of nervous tissue, we can distinguish the following: the production and conduct of electrical signals, the deposition and storage in memory of certain information, participation in the formation of behavior, thinking and emotions.

Thus, NT is a highly specialized type of tissue, consisting of cells, fibers, endings and neuroglia. Cells have the property of recognizing stimuli, being excited, producing certain impulses, and then transmitting them. Due to this, tissue participates in the integration, correlation, adaptation of all organs, systems and tissues of the human body.

It should be noted that when the nervous tissue has diseases, all the elements that make up its structure suffer. In this case, pathological processes may occur, for example, inflammations, tumors, or other malformations that can affect the human nervous system. Changes or loss of substances in NT are compensated by proliferation of connective tissue or development of cysts.

It should be noted that the nervous system as a whole consists of nervous tissue, thanks to which all the processes in the human body are performed.