Unchanged prefixes: spelling rule

What are unchangeable prefixes and how do they differ from mutable ones? The answer to this question is found in the materials of this article. In addition, we present to your attention several examples of the use of such morphemes.

general information

Before describing what constants are unchanged, a definition of this part of the word should be given.

The prefix, or prefix (in translation from Latin praefixus means "attached in front") refers to that part of the word that stands before the root. It should be specially noted that there may be several such morphemes (from 1 to 3). For example: in-from-the-kryvat, with-co-unite , etc.

Features of Russian consoles

Most consoles in Russian coincide in form, and sometimes in meaning, with prepositions or particles. Let's give some examples:

• Roadless , that is, without a road;
• From under his forehead;
• Verbal , that is, from the verb;
• Not manifested - not to appear.

Types of consoles

In Russian there are unchangeable prefixes, mutable and foreign language. As for the latter, they are borrowed, which act in the sense of:

• Very (archi-);
• Under (sub-);
• Not (anti-);
• All (pan-);
• Against (counter-);
• Through (trans-) and so forth.

Unchangeable consoles

Particular attention during the study of consoles is given precisely to the immutable. With what it is connected, we will consider below. Now your attention will be presented to all such prefixes, as well as words with unchanged prefixes:

• Do- ( walk, get, guess ).
• O- ( stop, called, numb, sediment ).
• Pro- ( gap, boil, grow, trick ).
• По- ( Compound, believe, rely on, cut ).
• Pra- (applies only to special meanings, for example, in the sense of kinship: great-grandfather, mother tongue, great-grandmother, etc. ).
• For- ( prisoner, score, ask, pick up ).
• On- ( overtake, attack, cover ).
• Over-, in some cases it is necessary ( nadratnut, bite, break, inscribe ).
• Sub-, in some cases , sub- ( prompt, melt, wait, undermine ).
• Ob-, in some cases, obo-(this prefix is used in the following words: grind, cut, bypass, wipe ).
• Pre- predecessor, chairman, pre-decide .
• Ot-, in some cases, oto- (this prefix is used in words: push, rest, give, open ).
• B-, in some cases, in- (this prefix is used in the following words: grab, ripple, draw, sew ).
• Over- ( pour, hum, skew ).
• C-, in some cases, co (this prefix is used in the following words: to get off, to move, to become friends, to save, to surrender, to bend, to do ).

It should be specially noted that most people's spelling of unchanged prefixes s- and co is very doubtful, especially in words such as here, not a word, a building, local, health.

The initial letter of the listed lexical units is "s". What is the reason for this rule? Unchanged prefixes, which were presented above, are not in vain called such. After all, they are written in the same way, regardless of the sound in a particular situation. And, as you dare to notice, the prefixes are not among them. And, in general, there is no such prefix in the Russian language. This is confirmed by the fact that in the words here, not zgi, building, local and health, the letter "z" enters the root, and is not a prefix. That's why most teachers recommend to remember their spelling, and not to try to use any rules to them.

Let's sum up the results

Now you know that a prefix unchanged on a letter is a prefix that is written uniformly. In other words, regardless of its position in a word, it must be used as described above.

If you remember, all listed unchanged prefixes, then it will be quite easy for you to create a literate text. After all, for the correct writing of these morphemes, there is no need to search for the necessary rules, to choose words that are as close as possible in meaning, to determine the voiced or the deaf vowel,

But in order to remember all these prefixes, you will need a lot of time. After all, they are not so little. To facilitate this task, it is recommended to proceed as follows: each attachment unchanged on the letter is fixed in a separate cell of the table, which you want to draw on a separate sheet. In the second column (opposite each prefix), you need to write a couple of examples - to make them much easier to remember. Several times using this table during the creation of a text, you can use non-replaceable consoles, without making mistakes.

Other types of consoles

As mentioned above, in addition to unchanged prefixes, there are also mutable and foreign languages in Russian . The latter should also be remembered. It is not difficult to do this, because there are not many of them. As for the variable prefixes, in this case there are great difficulties. After all, they obey special rules, which are quite numerous.

So, to changeable prefixes are the following: no- / no-, roses / ros-, sv- / sov-, raz- / raz-, voz--, niz- / nis-, Iz- / is, (Through -) / trans- (interlace). Such prefixes are called alternating "c" and "h". How to use them while writing a letter can be understood from the following rule:

• In such prefixes, the letter "z" is used before voiced consonants, namely before x, y, m, b, z, d, d, d, d, d. As for the letter "c", it is used before deaf consonants, that is before t, n, c, f, k, x, w, uh, u. Here are some examples: descend / descend, illiterate / incomparable, erect / resurrect, divide / paint, etc.

Also to the changeable consoles include raz- (raz-) / roz (-ros), pra- / pro, pre- / prix. They obey the following rules:

• In the prefixes of ra- (ra-) / roz (-ros) in the stressed syllable, the letter "o, and in the unstressed position the letter" a "is written.
• In the prefixes of the right- / is the letter "a", if there is a prescription. In other cases, the letter "o" is written.
• In the prefixes, the prefix "e" is used, if there is a value "through", "very", "differently", "very" (that is, close to re-). The letter "and" is used if there is a value of joining, proximity, approximation, bringing the action to an end, incomplete action or concomitant action.