The principle of uncertainty of the Heisenberg and its significance in the development of natural science

Werner Heisenberg's discovery of the uncertainty principles he made in 1927 was one of the most important achievements of science that played a fundamental role in the development of quantum mechanics, and later influenced the development of all modern natural science.

The traditional study of the universe proceeded from the assumption that if all material objects that we can observe behave in a certain way, then all the others that we can not cognize with sensations should also behave. If there is some kind of indignation in this behavior, then it qualifies as a paradox and causes perplexity. This was the reaction of natural scientists when they penetrated the microcosm and encountered phenomena that did not fit into the traditional model of worldview. This phenomenon manifested itself particularly vividly in the field of quantum mechanics, where objects of immeasurable magnitude were considered with those with which scientists are accustomed to deal with before. The principle of uncertainty of Heisenberg, in fact, gave an answer to the question of how the microcosm differs from the world we are accustomed to.

Newtonian physics practically ignored such a phenomenon as the influence of the instrument of cognition on the very object of cognition, by influencing its physical properties. In the early 1920s Werner Heisenberg raises this problem and comes to a formula that describes the degree of influence of the method of measuring the properties of an object on the object itself. As a result, the Heisenberg uncertainty principle was discovered. He obtained mathematical reflection in the theory of the uncertainty relation. The category of "uncertainty" in this concept meant that the researcher does not exactly know the location of the particle being studied. In its practical meaning, the principles of Heisenberg's uncertainty asserted that the more accurate the characteristics, the device is used to measure the physical properties of the object, thereby less uncertainty of our ideas about these properties will be achieved. For example, the Heisenberg uncertainty principle, when used in a microworld study, made it possible to draw conclusions about "zero" uncertainty when the impact of the instrument on the object under study was negligible.

In further studies it was established that the Heisenberg uncertainty principle relates not only spatial coordinates and velocity to its content. Here it is simply more clearly manifested. In fact, its influence is present in all parts of the system that we are studying. This conclusion allows us to make a few remarks on the operation of the Heisenberg principle. First, this principle assumes that it is impossible to establish exactly the spatial parameters of objects. Secondly, this property is objective and does not depend on the person who carries out the measurements.

These conclusions have become a powerful impetus for the development of management theories in a variety of areas of human activity, where the main subject of research, as a rule, is the notorious "human factor". This was the public significance of Heisenberg's discovery.

Contemporary scientific and pseudo-scientific discussions on the principles of uncertainty suggest that if the role of man in the knowledge of the microworld is limited and he can not actively influence it, is this not evidence that the human consciousness is connected in some way with the "Higher Mind "(The New Age theory). These conclusions can not be considered serious, because the principle itself is misunderstood from the beginning. According to Heisenberg, the main thing in his discovery is not the presence of a person, namely the fact of the influence of the instrument on the subject of research.

The principles of Heisenberg today are one of the most used methodological tools used in various fields of knowledge.