World politics - what is it? International politics and its features

People, attentively (and not very much) following the news, come to one conclusion. In order not to panic, not to spoil your nerves, you need to have your own ideas about the events. And this is impossible if you do not know what politics is. The world arena is not really great. It is enough to clearly represent the strengths and interests of several players in order to understand what is happening and why. Let's deal with them.

What will it be about?

World politics and international relations are a complex issue. More or less in detail
It is impossible to talk about it in a small article. Nevertheless, indicate the main
The principles and tendencies of what is happening on the world stage are quite possible. And it is necessary to watch and not listen to all those who decide to speak on this or that topic. To begin with it is necessary to be defined with forces for which the policy (world) is a field of game. There are several of them. Most political scientists associate them with states. So we will do so as not to be confused.

Here is a list of those countries for which world politics and international relations are a vital topic. What is happening in this area can bring them either an upsurge of influence, or total destruction. Just note that this list is not an axiom. Over time, new players appear in the arena, other options and circumstances arise. So: the USA, China, Russia, the European Union. For these countries, the world policy is the sphere of responsibility and the application of maximum efforts. There are other players. Among them, it is possible to distinguish nuclear powers (the one who has a baton deserves attention). Another aspect that must be taken into account when considering the world stage is economics. Therefore, it is necessary to take a closer look at heavyweights in this field.

Definition

The concept of world politics is multifaceted. Its nature stems from the interaction of many factors. First of all, as mentioned above, the confrontation and interaction of various forces are taken into account. Any (even the smallest) state has its own interests. It conducts trade, cares about the safety of citizens, builds
Conditions for their prosperity. It is now impossible to do this autonomously. The world has become global, that is, the level of interaction between different countries, the penetration of each other into cultures has become irreversible. That is, the state, which has more influence, can regulate the development of society in its interests. Thus, world politics is an endless process of struggle for power (if briefly). States are constantly interacting with each other, trying to create conditions for obtaining priorities in all areas of relations.

international politics

If we consider this process in a functional sense, then we can single out several topics that are taken into account by any national government entering the world arena. Namely: strength, hegemony, balance and interdependence. The most important thing to consider is the possibilities of war and peace. international politics
Can not be considered in isolation from its "source". That is, each country pursues its goals, relying on national traditions and interests. Thus, international policy takes into account not only immediate goals that have arisen in the given conditions, but also typical processes, traditional behavior based on historical contexts. In their activities in this area, countries need to rely on an analysis of many factors, including understanding the nature of wars, crises, or alliances.

The structure of the world system

In historical retrospect, political global processes can be divided into certain stages. The first is zero. It does not matter, since it does not affect the current state of things. Next, pre-modern, current, and subsequent. At the same time, global interaction is constantly intensifying. To regulate the processes, the whole system must be provided with appropriate structures that ensure the regulation of economic, social, cultural and political spheres. Naturally, these superstructures interact with each other, ensuring the consistency of their activities.

The objectives of the world system

Described participants of the game together must meet certain criteria in order to at least minimize the needs of modernity. There are four main functions. The first is the means of communication. The system needs to create conditions for the possibility of unhindered exchange of information, its free transmission and processing. The second is the creation and integration of the necessary subsystems. The third is the criteria of fidelity. This means that the whole system must constantly correlate with the whole, taking into account the developed utility concept. The fourth is a system of social values, including collective memory, self-knowledge, self-determination and awareness, the possibility of interpreting one's own experience.

About hegemony

The US world policy is aimed at building a "unipolar world". This is a kind of system in which one of the countries (the States) performs a leading role. It is recognized by the international community as a criterion and at the same time a guarantor of mutually beneficial cooperation and development of mankind. The USA builds its activity on building such a world order on two "pillars". They are leaders in financial cooperation, as well as in military cooperation. These two priorities, if desired, can be used as a "carrot" or "carrot". Since the States have the largest share in the IMF with respect to other states, they affect its decisions on the allocation of loans. And the army is used to resolve (or create) crises.

Problems of world politics

Different directions of the vectors of the goals of different associations and countries lead to the emergence of conflict situations. One of the main threats at the present time is international terrorism. Global security is built by reducing the risks of different levels. Its provision is possible only if all states cooperate. In the context of globalization, the unity of mankind is built, based on sociological characteristics that have the same order. However, differences in living conditions in states lead to the emergence of radical currents, including terrorist ones.

Critical heterogeneity of economic and cultural development of countries with a sufficiently wide information field creates the conditions for the emergence and manifestation of discontent, the desire of individual groups to change the order of things. World politics is aimed at resolving these conflicts and eliminating their causes. Its purposes are to create a safe, comfortable and comfortable for the inhabitants of the "global world".

About Russia

Practically insoluble contradictions between the interests of the countries lead to the emergence of the threat of the slide of mankind into another structural crisis. A business
That the current world order no longer satisfies the needs of society. Every now and then, there are "failures" in the work of its bodies and structures. The world policy of Russia is aimed at resolving these contradictions. The state offers partners to reflect on the future of mankind, to build relationships in such a way as to take into account the needs (if possible) of all members of the community. In this paper, it is necessary to pay attention to cultural features, the development of economic and political structures, possible trends and historically developed features of countries. The balance in the world structure can be achieved by mutual respect of its members. Russia proposes to create unions and associations on an equal footing, giving up the "hegemony" of one of the players. This position will contribute not only to the development of various states, but also to a reduction in the level of global risks.

Trends in the development of international relations

Political scientists believe that the history of human development can roughly be divided into five stages. Each of them ended in a crisis, which was timely, but not bloodlessly overcome. In the twenty-first century, mankind faced a new challenge. Military resolution of the conflict in order to survive at least some of the world's population, according to experts, is almost impossible. There are too many weapons of mass destruction. If we use only one nuclear charge, then the planet can simply die with all the inhabitants.

That is, we can say that the international system develops spirally, regularly bumping into a crisis. At the same time, its dynamics and sharpness are growing exponentially, including all new dimensions. If the First World War was associated with the division of influence in Europe, then now the issues of owning all the world's resources are. In addition, the global political system itself has slipped into stagnation. It requires reformatting, the basis of which has not yet been determined and developed. For example, the UN clearly no longer has the influence for which it was created. Other international organizations have lost both financial and political resources. The world is more and more sliding down to "battles without rules." It requires reformatting the entire system, until the last war broke out.