The principle of operation of a well for water. What is the principle of operation of water wells

You can say endlessly that having your own water source is good. Nevertheless, much depends on what we will use water for. At present, summer residents are forced to think about themselves. This applies not only to water, but also to heating. Let's talk about what the principle of the well works on water, how to equip it. Consider other important details.

General information

The principle of operation of the well for water, we will consider with you a little later. Now I would like to say that it is necessary to plan the location of the future source in advance. It is desirable even during the design of the house. But we all perfectly understand that in most cases this is impossible. This is why the well is drilled long after the house was built or bought. If you plan to organize a water pipe from the well to the house, then it should be placed as close to the foundation as possible, but not at all. If the well is to be used to irrigate the country plot, then it is placed in a convenient place for you. In any case, there should not be any difficulties at this stage. Well, now let's go directly to our topic.

The structure of pumping stations and the principle of their operation

There are several ways to lift water from a well to the surface. They depend on the depth of the source. If it is about 20 meters or more, a deep-water pump with an intermediate capacity is installed. In addition, there is a pair of sensors: the upper and lower water level. When the pump is turned on, the industrial tank is filled with water, and the check valve does not allow it to go back. From there, water enters the network water supply, which we actually need.

In the event that the depth of the well is less than 20 meters, an automatic pumping station is installed . Therefore, there is no need to use an intermediate tank and an automation system. In this case, the carrier from the station goes directly to the domestic water supply. As you can see, the principle of operation of a well for water is quite simple.

Functional units of the well

Let's consider what elements our design consists of. There are a lot of them:

• Water intake with check valve and mesh;
• Suction line - water flows through it into the pump or station housing;
• Centrifugal pump - works in such a way that on one side a vacuum is created to suck the liquid, and on the other hand, the pressure to raise it;
• pressure switch;
• Hydraulic accumulator - is necessary to exclude water hammers in the water supply system;
• An electric motor and a pressure switch.

It is necessary to understand that all these nodes should work fine. This will make the operation of the equipment efficient and productive. It is also worth considering that there are single-tube and ejector systems. The first are easier to install, and the latter allow, at relatively low power stations, to lift water from a great depth. So we discussed with you what the principle of water wells is. Now we go further.

We carry out installation works

But we got to the most interesting. The fact is that not everyone knows how to equip a water well. The problem is further aggravated by the fact that specialists who are drilling an opening in the earth do not do such work. At the end of the process, you will only see a siege pipe peeping out a meter from the ground.

It is necessary to do a lot. Protect the pipe from freezing, dig a trench from well to house, etc. In this case, the trench should be under a slight slope to the well, and the suction line - without kinks and swings. If you comply with these simple requirements, then you probably will succeed. But the well for water, the principle of which we have considered, is not yet equipped, so let's move on.

Works inside the house

At this stage we will perform the installation work of the pumping station in the house. First you need to choose the right place. In the priority it must be a basement. In any scenario, a smooth upgrade is required, which will protect the equipment from flooding. It's not difficult to think of something, the main thing is that the station does not touch pipes and the foundation of the house, since in this case the noise from the pump can spread throughout the house.

After you have installed the station, it is necessary to start laying the suction line to the well. If the trench is ready, then fine. First, prepare the ejector and proceed to assemble it. Work begins with the installation of a strainer and a non-return valve. I would like to draw your attention to the fact that without these elements the system will not function. Couplings made of bronze are used for the transitions. Pay special attention to the tightness of the connections, as this is very important. After everything is done, you can cut the casing.

Continuing work

The most difficult we have already done. It remains to make sure that rainwater and surface water do not enter the well. There are two ways out: use a headband or use a welding machine to weld a small metal box.

A full headline costs from 2,500 to 4,500 rubles, a box of metal - no more than 1,000 rubles. Further we immerse the vertical segments of the pipe into the borehole. To determine their length, you need to know the water level and add to this value of 1-2 meters. It is strongly advised not to lower the tube too low to the ground. In this case, the probability is high that the grid will very quickly get clogged, and it will have to be cleaned. Then the pressure in the tank is checked. Usually it is about 1.2-1.5 Atm. If the pressure is insufficient, the air chamber has a normal automotive nipple. So you can add air with a simple compressor or car pump. Now you know how to put a well on water. The principle of work we considered, but now - a few more important details.

How to drill a well on water with your own hands

This question is of interest to many summer residents. I would like to note at once that the goal is quite real and achievable. Moreover, if you do the work yourself, you can save a significant amount of money. However, on the way you will encounter more difficulties. First, you need to make a self-made drilling rig. There are several types: screw, cartridges and working on the hydraulic principle. The latter are automatic and manual.

In any case, the easiest way is to use a screw or a so-called cartridge, working shock. That is, he falls to the ground at the drilling point, then rises and falls back. Pretty long, but cheap and angry. In this case, you need to take care of the frame and racks, and also mount an engine, the power of which usually ranges from 1 kW or even less. In any case, it's a profitable thing - independent drilling of wells. The principle of operation of pumps, depending on the type of the latter, also differs. It is not recommended to use vibrating pumps for many reasons. They are noisy and zamulivayutsya. Better use centrifugal.

How the well works and why it is poured

It is worth saying that the well is the same well. Only some of the nuances are different. But the essence does not change at all. We have a deepening in the earth, which is flooded with water. It is taken, of course, from underwater rivers. In the case of the well, you can talk about groundwater, but it all depends on its depth. Everyone knows that if you do not give a well to make up for your strength, that is, a normal water level, then it will soon run out.

The situation with the well is similar, but somewhat different. The fact is that underwater rivers are replenished much faster. That is why it is possible to operate the well for a long time. But even in this case there is a risk that the water will stop at a certain moment. It is still important to choose the right pump performance, so that it is not too small or, conversely, large. Of course, the more precipitation in your region annually falls, the richer the underwater river of the well will be, this must be understood. But even a severe drought does not guarantee that the water will stop. Then how lucky.

Conclusion

Here we are with you and figured out what a well is for water. The principle of work, types and arrangement - all this was considered in the article. I would like to note that before you drink water from a well, it is advisable to take it for examination. Usually the deeper the source, the purer the water, but there are also exceptions to the rules.

As you can see, there is nothing complicated in the device. The principle of operation of the well for water is already known to you. It is often possible to meet wells with a manual lifting of water. Their device does not presuppose the presence of any stations, automatics or sensors. But we live in the modern world, so you should always be aware of the pressure in the system, water level, pump status, etc. If you decide to drill a hole yourself, then with the proper approach you can save about 50% of the funds. But the matter is very painstaking, and one day or even a week you will not be able to cope. Although much depends on the soil and depth of the source.