The freezing point of water is ???

Water ... How much in this word. Sometimes I so strongly want to correct this way the poet! Indeed, water is a synonym for life. This statement is true for the inhabitants of the ocean coast, and for the inhabitants of the deserts. The properties of water over the millennia of the existence of science are investigated along and across. It would seem that nothing is left, but ... let's figure it out with a seemingly simple parameter, like the freezing point of water.

Everyone knows that the boiling point and the freezing point of water are the key points chosen in 1742 by Anders Celsius to create his own temperature scale, later adopted in most countries of the world. But is water always boiling at one hundred degrees and freezing at zero? No not always. There are many parameters that can change these numbers. Let's start in order.

First, the freezing point of water is zero degrees only at normal atmospheric pressure, which is considered to be a pressure of seven hundred and sixty millimeters of mercury. When the pressure decreases, the freezing point of water increases, and the boiling point decreases. With increasing pressure, everything is exactly the opposite.

Secondly, the high content of salts makes the water more "resistant" to the cold. The freezing temperature of the salt water of the seas and oceans is about two degrees below zero Celsius. Those seas, where the salinity is above average, freeze at an even lower temperature.

All well-known natural water - a non-uniform substance. Yes, the lion's share (more than ninety-nine percent) of water falls on the chemical compound, which is designated by the formula H2O. But there is also so-called "heavy" water in the composition of natural water, and even "super-heavy" water. In the first case, two atoms of its isotope deuterium are present in the water molecule instead of two hydrogen atoms, in the second case - tritium. Under normal conditions, the content of deuterium and tritium in water is too low to have a negative effect on humans or animals. But in its pure form deuterium exhibits weak toxic properties. But tritium, being a radioactive substance, in a concentrated form is simply dangerous. But, fortunately, in nature it is found only in a diffuse form.

Tritium and deuterium water have physical and chemical properties, different from the usual, "our" water. Deuterium water freezes at a temperature of +3.81 degrees Celsius (at normal atmospheric pressure), and boils at a temperature of +101.43 degrees. In tritium water, these figures differ slightly: the freezing point is +1.25 and the boiling point is +101.6 degrees Celsius.

The properties of water, this seemingly uncomplicated chemical compound, have not yet been fully investigated. The Japanese Masaru learned, in his words, even to talk with water. He believes that the water reacts to the music and energy inherent in words. And even on notes! This is supposedly well seen after the freezing of water in the form of the resulting crystals. Interestingly, the note reacting with the words "you're a fool" and playing the songs in the style of "heavy metal" is the same, but the words "thank you" are associated with a series of works for harpsichord "Variations of Goldberg" by Johann Sebastian Bach.