Human anatomy: gallbladder, location, function

The gallbladder (HP) is considered to be the organ of the digestive system, up to fifty to seventy cubic centimeters in size, which accumulates bile (up to sixty milliliters), regulates its pressure in the ducts, releases it during the absorption of food, thereby performing the digestion process.

It should be noted that the location of the gall bladder is as follows: to the right of the liver (on its lower surface), between the third and fourth metatarsal bones, and has the shape of a pear, the end of which comes out from under the liver (at the same time it contacts and is connected by a network of blood vessels ) In the place where the eighth and ninth ribs are joined. The other end of it has a direction to the gates of the liver and is covered with a visceral peritoneum. The bubble has a length of up to twelve centimeters and a width of up to five centimeters, consists of muscle cells. In this case, the vessels and peritoneum fix its location, preventing mobility. In some cases, the bladder can be wrinkled, shortened or egg-shaped and can reach large sizes.

It is accepted to distinguish the bottom, body, neck of the gallbladder, they create a light arc, the ends of which are turned down to the left side. When a person takes an upright position, the bottom of the bubble is below all the other three parts, then the body of the bubble comes, and behind it is the neck. So, the bottom of the gallbladder is placed in front of the liver (at its edge), in rare cases it does not reach the edge of the liver or is closed by its parenchyma.

The body of the gallbladder is almost all covered with the peritoneum and is adjacent to the transverse colon. The gatekeeper and the duodenum are medial. If the position is lateral, the gallbladder location will be closer to the vertical part of the duodenum, and its bottom touching the right kidney.

The neck of the HP forms an angle, dodging forward, it adjoins the left side of the bladder and touches the right branch of the portal vein.

It should be noted that when food enters the duodenum, the gall bladder (which side Body it is, we know), cutting, it releases bile, which passes through the ducts into the intestine. In this case, the bile ducts are located between the renal ligaments, to the right of the renal artery, they are directed downward and connect to the duct of the pancreas.

There are some malformations of the HP, they include congenital anomalies, for example, changes in its size, as well as position. Most often with malformations of the gallbladder, the location is incorrect or completely absent. In this case, its dimensions and capacity change. Anomalies of the development of HP may be accompanied by pain in the region of the ribs on the right side or proceed without symptoms.

It should be noted that the bladder has three layers: the mucosa, the muscle layer and the fibrous layer, consisting of connective tissue and peritoneal cover. The muscular layer is not sufficiently developed, the mucous membrane is strewn with short villi. In its walls are arteries, veins, vessels and nerves.

It should be borne in mind that the gallbladder arrangement changes depending on the age and physique of a person. Usually it is located on the anterior abdominal wall at the point where the right parastral line intersects and the line joining the ends of the ribs (tenths) or at the level of 1-11 vertebrae.

Thus, it became known where the gallbladder is located. Once again, we note that it performs an important function, as it participates in the digestion process. If, for some reason, the HP has been removed, the bile comes slowly, and its bactericidal properties do not appear, so the microflora is broken in the intestine, which causes pain in the abdomen. All the functions of the bladder in this case are shifted to the bile ducts.