Technologies of car painting. Metallic paint painting technology

The vehicle painting technology is probably the most important part in carrying out its body repair. While the primer and the putty are hidden, it is the paint that becomes the real face of the machine and the evidence of the quality of all work. At present, there are several methods for applying the last layer. At the same time, one should not forget that only if the car's paint technology is clearly observed can a positive result be achieved.

Types of paints

Now, as a rule, two varieties of paint are used - acrylic and metallic. The first of these is a colored pigment consisting of two components. It is more simple to apply, but requires varnish coating in the future. As for the second type, the technology of painting the body of the car when using it implies the execution of works in two stages - first "base", and then "lacquer".

Determine which method was used for the machine, it is possible by conducting a test. It consists in the fact that a small piece of material is wetted with a solvent, Then they should be rubbed in some inconspicuous place of the body. In the event that the paint appears on the rag, you can conclude that it is acrylic. If the material remains clean, then a varnish layer is applied from above.

Metallic varieties

Now three types of metallic paint are used (with one, two or three layers). The first species in our time is extremely rare, since its use does not always lead to a high quality of the result obtained. Most often, two layers are applied. As already noted above, the application of this technology of painting the car reduces to applying to the body first the base, and then - the varnish. On the ground in this case, the paint falls very well, and dries quickly. Moreover, all the defects that arise in the process are qualitatively eliminated during polishing. Three-layer paint is usually used in the case when the owner of the car has a desire to create on it some complicated effects. Depending on the viewing angle, the color of the coatings on which it is applied may vary.

Preparing for painting with a metallic

The technology of preparing the car for painting is that all the components of the bodywork should first be puttied, and then covered with a primer. Those parts that do not need coloring, it is desirable to cover with sticky paper, or even better - generally dismantle. Do not forget about degreasing and blowing the painted parts, which is done with a napkin or anti-silicone fluid. Next, the composition is wiped dry and repeat the blowing. In conclusion, it is recommended that the body elements be treated with a dust collector, which will prevent the presence of small particles on them.

Drawing the base

The base is diluted with a solvent and applied immediately after the surfaces to be painted are pre-prepared. The temperature of the chamber and the paint brand should be selected very carefully and fully correspond to each other. When applying the first layer, stains and streaks are normal, because in the future all of them will be smoothened. The second coat of paint is applied after the first coat is dull (this means that the solvent has evaporated). The base should be dried under natural conditions for about 30 minutes (depending on the manufacturer's recommendations, this time may vary) after applying each new layer. You can not use air for this, because there is a possibility that small metal particles will not dive right into the base.

It should be noted and the fact that it is extremely undesirable to leave the car to dry for a whole night. The fact is that the varnish must be applied to the base solely in full compliance with the manufacturer's requirements - through the time interval specified in the instruction. Otherwise, unpleasant consequences can not be excluded, the worst of which can be the lack of adhesion.

Coating with varnish

The technology of painting a metallic car provides that the varnish must be diluted with a fixer and a solvent before applying to the bodywork, based on the manufacturer's instructions. In most cases, two or three layers are used, each of which must necessarily be dried. Many experts check this by touching their finger in an inconspicuous place. If the varnish is not smeared, they apply the next layer, even despite the fact that the surface is still sticky. At the same time, it is desirable to wait. When applying the lacquer, it is necessary to make sure that there are no drips, since it will be almost impossible to remove them later. Typically, this will require removing the layer and applying it in a new way.

Acrylic painting

Acrylic paint is applied in three layers. In this case, the first serves as the basis for the next and is the thinnest. The third layer of paint is slightly diluted and applied less diligently (compared to the previous ones). It is possible to coat the surface with varnish at the end, but not necessarily. It will increase the color depth and slightly improve the quality of the coating. The most important thing in this case is to wait until the surface dries completely and pretreat it with a fine sandpaper.

The technology of painting the car with acrylic paint is in many ways similar to the rest. The best result is achieved when the air temperature is about twenty degrees or more. These paints can be used for all types of cars. However, do not forget that it is better not to apply to oil enamel. The fact is that these two types of paint adhere very badly.

Self-painting

Even the most accurate car enthusiast will never manage to keep his car from accidental scratches, as well as small gravel and sand that fly from under the wheels of cars. And that's not even considering corrosion. Before the beginning of the work on the elimination of these phenomena, a thorough inspection of the machine must be carried out, after which it should be determined which painting will be done - capital, partial or spot. In this case, it is recommended to pay attention to the bottom and racks, because there is no sense to update the appearance of the car, which will soon need to be repaired.

The technology of painting a car with your own hands implies the execution of works in several stages. They are machine preparation, priming, filling, grinding, applying paint, drying and polishing. The preparation stage in most cases takes about 90 percent of the time from the entire process. To begin with, remove all the body elements that can interfere, and then clean and primed it. Sometimes at this stage there is a need for straightening and welding. Only after this begins the painting itself, during which, as a rule, three layers are applied. The main nuance in this case is its protection from pollination. For this, you can use paper or a regular medical plaster.

Paint application

According to the technology of painting the car with your own hands, the paint is applied to the body with a sprayer. Between the application of the first and second layers, a pause of about five minutes is necessary. It should be noted that the last two layers are sprayed with a more liquid paint (compared to the first).

Modern technologies

Practically all new technologies of car painting are aimed at speeding up this process. In this regard, most modern workshops use sprayers, which account for processing not only external but also internal parts. The main advantage of such devices is considered the possibility of applying a homogeneous layer on which there are no streaks and bubbles. The principle of their work is that a high pressure is created inside the device, due to which the paint is converted into an aerosol. When fed from a nozzle, it does not mix with air, which is why the technology was called "airless spraying". Such units are best used for painting fairly large surfaces (for example, wings, roof, doors or hood).

Another common modern technology are pneumatic paint sprayers. They are characterized by a relatively low speed of work, but they allow you to more easily achieve decorative car painting. Their key advantage is the complete control over the distribution of the flow of paint. In this regard, the most appropriate is the use of such devices in those car workshops that specialize in the processing of small areas of surfaces of bodies.