Substitution of a foundation under a wooden house: a description of the technology and recommendations

Any reliable and durable wooden house will eventually need major repairs. If the implementation of the foundation in the new house were violated technology, then significantly increases the likelihood of large-scale reconstruction. An incorrectly created foundation affects the balance of window and door openings, contributes to the cracking of walls.

If such "calls" occur, urgent action is required. Replacement of the foundation is the most rational method, but it is important to pay attention to the following aspects:

• When doing the work independently, specialized tools will be required, it is worthwhile taking care of this in advance to find the complete set;
• After the old foundation has been dismantled, it is necessary to establish a more reliable base of another kind (this is a difficult job, so professional help may be required);
• It is worth making sure that the house itself will still serve for a long time.

On what does strength depend?

The state of the base is significantly influenced by the change in the soil, in particular, its bearing characteristics. They occur mainly due to exceeding the permissible load on the foundation and the subsequent loosening of the ground beneath it. The total load is increased by the economic buildings that are standing nearby. This leads to skewing and subsidence of the main structure, since under considerable weight the soil is pressed.

Replacement of the foundation may be necessary because of the erosion of the soil due to rising groundwater or improper drainage of water.

Reducing the strength of the material for the substrate is another negative factor. This is possible due to incorrect determination of the depth of freezing, improper type of foundation, use of poor quality materials.

Choosing the basis

It is important to understand that the replacement of the foundation of a wooden house must be made after the completion of all preparatory work. To begin with, you must select the design of the new foundation. Tape type is optimal for large heavy buildings. The screw base will perfectly withstand the construction of the type of holiday home. Among the advantages it is worth noting the possibility of application on any sites. Also, screw piles are characterized by the possibility of repeated use and relatively low cost.

The columnar base is used for medium-sized houses. Despite its apparent simplicity, it has become prevalent due to its reliability. The design consists of several poles, which are installed in the junction of the walls - these are zones with maximum load. The columns are made of stone, concrete or brick. It is worth noting the need for a mandatory step of 1-2 meters. The pile drilling base also refers to the foundation of the columnar view. It acquired its name because of asbestos - cement pipes used as bearing elements and filled with a specialized mixture. Soil with an elevated water level is the optimal place for such a base.

Demand is different and the abovementioned foundation of the house, the replacement of which implies the use of piles. It requires less investment, and as a result, its strength is comparable to a concrete foundation. The piles are screwed into the ground using levers. Their level should exceed the depth of freezing. It requires alignment at a specific height and the use of a belt made of a channel beam. This type of base is convenient for sagging and weakened types of soils.

Base subsidence

Settlement can have a progressive or temporary nature. In the definition, special beacons made of different materials will prove useful. It should be taken into account that when water hits the paper variants, they become unsuitable. Gypsum plasters are also used as beacons. In case of their absence, it is possible to apply a flat strip of putty on the wall and put a mark, so time will be found for expansion of cracks and determination of the rate of destruction.

Equipment

Although the work and have a large scope, you can not resort to renting expensive equipment: it will be enough for several powerful jacks (not less than 4) with a lifting capacity in the area of 10 tons. Also, you need to have auxiliary wedges, scrap and a sledgehammer. To create a support you need different logs, boards and a lot of bricks. Before mounting the jack, a strong pad is knocked down, with sides not less than half a meter each. It will require a steel plate with a thickness of 6 mm.

Replacement of the foundation under the wooden house implies its release from heavy objects and furniture. Further, the cover is removed and the floor itself is disassembled.

How is the lift

After completion of the preparatory work, you can install the jacks. They are placed along the perimeter of the longer walls, with a mandatory indentation from the corners. Pre-designed areas should be stable (perhaps a slight deeper into the soil).

It is worth paying attention to the fact that alone lifting the house and replacing the foundation on piles Are impossible. Each jack must have one person. Accurate lifting of the building can be carried out only with this approach. The height of the lifting at a time should not be more than 2 cm. If there are gaps, prepared supports are used to close them. Simultaneous execution of all actions is required.

The considerable sagging of the lower rims during the ascent indicates the lack of jacks. But further actions should be as cautious and accurate as possible to avoid displacement of the structure.

Substitution of the foundation: dismantling

After the house is raised and tightly fixed, the old base is removed. Some elements can be useful for secondary use, so they should be added separately. After dismantling, a deeper trench is dug out in the form of a letter P. Thanks to the use of this form, it is possible to connect the parts of the base laid at different times. If you need an extension in the future, it is better to immediately lay the foundation for it, so that in the future you do not need to replace the foundation under the house due to the increased load.

Completion of work

To fully solidify the embedded base, it takes about two weeks, then it is covered with boards and temporary supports are made of brick or wood. After the replacement of the foundation under the wooden house is repeated on the other side. Long sections of the walls require the excavation of straight short trenches with subsequent consolidation by means of reinforcement.

After completion of all works, the lower rims are checked for quality, if necessary, they must be replaced. Further, the structure gradually descends uniformly from all sides, after which the replacement of the foundation can be considered complete.