Spelling "n" and "nn" in the adjectives. Suffixes of adjectives. Rules, exceptions

The theme of the Russian language "Spelling" n "and" nn "in adjectives" is familiar to every schoolboy. However, after graduating from a general education institution, many people begin to forget the simplest rules and commit a large number of errors during the creation of a text. In this regard, we decided to remind you of the cases in which the suffixes "n" and "nn" are written in the adjectives. Also, some exceptions to the established rules will be presented to your attention. They should be remembered.

Definition of part of speech

In the name of the adjective, the significant part of speech is called , which denotes the non-process characteristic of the object, and also appears in the sentence as a definition or the nominal part of the predicate and answers the following questions: "what?", "What?", "What?", Whose? "And" what? ".

general information

"Spelling" and "n" in adjectives "- this is a very important topic in the Russian language. After all, without the knowledge of such simple rules it is difficult to write a literate text or even a letter.

It should be specially noted that the names of adjectives can be formed from both nouns and verbs. Knowing these basics will allow you to better understand how many letters "n" you want to write in one or another case.

Spelling "n" and "nn" in adjectives derived from nouns

So, let's figure out together, in which cases should you put -nn-:

1. In adjectives, which stemmed from nouns by putting the suffixes -on- or -en-. Here is an example: cranberry (cranberry), artificial (art), discussion (discussion), solemn (identity), etc. The exception is the word "windy" (but not "windless"!).
2. In adjectives, which originated from nouns having a basis on "n" (that is, if the first letter "n" is the final letter of the root or suffix, and the second is the suffix of the adjective). Thus, the suffix "nn" in adjectives is written in the following cases: true (true), long (length), valuable (price), antique (old), etc.
3. In adjectives, which stemmed from nouns ending in -ma. Let's give an example: temporary (time), nominal (name), fiery (flame), seed (seed).

In which adjectives that have evolved from nouns, is written "n"?

Now you know in which cases suffixes -nn- are written in adjectives (-on-, -en-, etc.), if they are formed from nouns. However, this is not enough for a competent compilation of the text. In this regard, it is necessary to consider the rules for spelling the suffixes -in-, -yann- and -an-:

1. In adjectives that have evolved from nouns with the above suffixes, only 1 letter "n" is always written. Here is an example: leather (leather), sparrow (sparrow), clay (clay), pigeon (pigeon), wax (wax), crane (crane), wood (firewood), nightingale (nightingale), etc. However, all the rules have Their exceptions. In this case, these words are "glass", "wooden" and "tin". In them 2 letters "нн" are written, and they should be remembered.
2. In the names of adjectives that are formed without using any suffixes. Here is an example: green (green). Also, remember the following words: spicy, ruddy, pig, young and single.

How many letters "n" are written in the names of adjectives, which stemmed from adjectives?

2 "n" letters are written in the case when the adjectives are formed from adjectives by adding the suffix -en-, which indicates a large measure of any characteristic. Let's give an example: hefty, tall or broad.

Important notes regarding the described rules

The spelling "n" and "nn" in adjectives also has the following features:

1. In the word "windy" only 1 letter "n" is written. This is due to the fact that it is not formed on behalf of the noun "wind", but from the so-called obsolete verb "to wind".
2. In the derived nouns, the same number of letters "n" is written, as there are in the original adjective. For example, long - long, solemn - solemnity, etc.
3. The adjective "nameless" has the following meanings: "not retained the author's name", "unknown by name". But most often the word "anonymous" is used.
4. Such possessive adjectives, like tulii, sazany and mutton , are written with one letter "n". This is due to the fact that they are formed from nouns having a basis for "n".
5. Words ruddy, spicy, young , etc. are written with one letter "n", since in the words derived from them there is also one letter "n" (blush, spice, youth, etc.).

Spelling "nn" in adjectives and participles derived from verbs

So, the 2 "n" letters should be written if:

1. Adjectives are formed from verbs with prefixes. And the prefix almost never affects the writing of "n" or "nn". Thus, in the adjective, you should not write the same number of letters "n", as in the adjective without this prefix. Let's give an example: (bound, sloping, built).
2. If there are such suffixes as -eva- or-ova-. Here is an example: an organized excursion, uprooted forest, etc.). Exceptions are the following words: chewed and forged . In this case, ov and eve enter the root, and are not suffixes.
3. If the sentence contains any dependent word (for example, woven from twigs).
4. If the adjective is formed from a verb having a perfect form (for example, solved). The word "wounded" is an exception.

Spelling "n" in adjectives derived from verbs

One letter "n" is written in adjectives, which originated from verbs without the use of prefixes. Here is an example: unskilled, knitted. Exceptions are the following words: sacred, slow, unprecedented, unexpected, desirable, unheard of, unexpected and unexpected.

Letters "n", "nn" in brief adjectives

In addition to the full names of adjectives, there are short forms in Russian. To understand how "n" and "nn" are written in brief adjectives, one should remember the rules about complete ones. After all, they are the same for both forms.

Let's give an example:

1. Mimicry is artificial - mimicry is artificial.
2. The road is long - the road is long.
3. Language is modern - it is modern.

Important notes on the material

To finally understand how it is necessary to write adjectives (with "n" or "nn"), it is necessary to consider the following features:

1. Usually the suffixes -yann- and -an- give the adjectives the meaning "intended for something" or "made of a certain material". For example: wood, clothes; Sandy, clay.

2. In order to correctly compose the text, it is necessary to distinguish between adjectives whose orthography is related to their meaning.

Windy, that is, "with the wind" (the weather is windy). The windy, that is, "powered by wind" (a wind pump). In the phrase "chicken pox" the name of the adjective is written with 1 letter "n". This is due to the fact that the word came from "chickenpox".

Oiled, that is, "soaked in oil" (cereal oiled). Oiled, that is, "flattering" (oily voice). Oily, that is, "diluted in oil" (buttered biscuits).

Silver, that is, "subjected to silvering" (silver device). Silver, that is "made of silver" (a bottle of silver).

Salty, that is, "containing salt" (salted fish). Solyany, that is, "consisting of salt" (salt pillar).