Screening-diagnostics of students' health

Among the main reasons determining low health indicators of the population, the following are distinguished: unhealthy lifestyle; Adverse sanitary and hygienic conditions in the workplace; High level of psychosocial stress.

Thus, there is an urgent need to assess and monitor the health of each person from a young age. Unfortunately, medical examinations in universities are not designed to study the health of students. They are only faced with the goal of identifying a person's ability to engage in a particular professional activity, in which they focus exclusively on the absence or presence of certain diseases prescribed in legislative acts.
The consequence of the operation of such a system of medical examinations are several negative factors: first, the health status of individual systems of the organism as a whole is not evaluated here; Secondly, the absence of this or that disease in an explicit form is not a complete indicator of the fact that a person is healthy.

So, according to medical information, there are such functional conditions of the body as a pre-illness and pathological process that are not accompanied by clinical manifestations, but are deviations from a healthy state and can subsequently lead to the development of the disease to the fullest. A person who does not possess certain knowledge, can not identify such conditions and, accordingly, take the necessary measures or contact a specialist.

At present, there are certain screening programs for self-evaluation of health. Screening is a mass survey that allows you to identify the initial signs of deviations in the state of health. Permanent work in technical production, in the shop, represents a number of factors in which the borderline level of health (between the norm and the morbid state) may decrease until the disease develops in full Least. At the given estimation besides a physical component the significant role is played by a level of mental health, temperament of the person.

Thus, with the help of special screening programs and diagnostics it is possible to make individual recommendations showing how good a student is to work in the future specialty. Having acquainted with the method of screening, developed by the candidate of biological sciences VB. Voinov and co-authors from the Rostov State University, we set ourselves the task of conducting an individual assessment of the health level of the students of the first year of the aerospace faculty of the Institute. Thus, the purpose of our research work was to check the functioning of this method, evaluate and process the test results, create a computer program for a more mass and convenient use of such diagnostics.

The functional system of the body is a system or set of organs performing a common function for them (cardiovascular, respiratory, digestive, etc.). Consider the features of the screening program for individual assessment of the level of health in the main such systems of the body by the method of questioning.

The question arises: what should be understood as a "high" level of health or, for example, "average"? According to this questionnaire, under each level of health in a certain functional body system is meant a quantitative manifestation of the resulted symptoms, in calculating which take into account the frequency of manifestation and strength of expression of each symptom , Which is present in the subject. Denote the severity of the symptoms for each level of health: - "high" - no more than 20% - "above average" - from 21% to 40% - "medium" - from 41% to 60% - "below average" From 61% to 80% - "low" - from 81% to 100%. Analyzing the results of diagnostics for each system in isolation, we can note the following facts: 1. If we consider the state of health of students who passed the questionnaire as a single whole health by levels (that is, roughly speaking, represented as one large organism), then the "high level" is 39.93% of the whole; "Above average" - 45.82%; "Average" - 13.14%; "Below average" - 1.04%; "Low level" -0.09%. The above data can be presented in the form of a diagram (figure).

The data obtained by conducting a screening test using the questionnaire method can be represented in tab. 2, which reflects the number of students in percentage, having a given level of health for each of the functional systems of the body. According to the questionnaire, the majority of students have "high" and "above average" health levels - the degree of expression of the symptoms given in the questionnaire is no more than 40%. Thus, the levels "high" and "above average" are considered the norm of the state of human health .

2. The highest level of health is observed in the endocrine system of the body, where the distribution is as follows: - "high" - 83.10%, - "above average" - 15.70%, - "medium" - 1.10%.

3. Only one person has a low level of health - according to the circulatory system.

4. Seven functional systems are singled out, according to which all students who completed the questionnaire have a level of health not lower than "average". These include the following systems: the central nervous system; System of digestive organs; endocrine system; Lymphatic system; the immune system; Peripheral nervous system; ENT.

5. As can be seen from the above, for most of the students the health status for each system is not lower than the "average" level, i.е. Does not imply the presence of any disease. But such a state is borderline between the "norm" and "not the norm," and accordingly, as a result of the influence of various negative factors, there may be tangible health problems. To such functional systems of an organism concern: the central nervous system - 20,2%; Respiratory system - 21.3%; Circulatory system -23,6%; Musculoskeletal system - 25,8%.

Summarizing all of the above facts, we can say that in general, the bulk of students health indicator is within the norm. But when making any individual recommendations, it is necessary to pay special attention to those people who have a "medium" or "below average" level of health in a particular body system, since such cases are at risk. For mass and convenient screening tests Health, we developed a special computer program "Tester", which allows you to conduct a questionnaire on your computer.

This program was created using the application "Algorithm 2", based on the language of vb.net. "Algorithm 2" can be compared with the application "C ++ Builder", because in appearance and functionality they are partially similar. With the help of the application "Tester" students will be able to pass a questionnaire on the given topic of health diagnostics, get their results right after passing and save it for printing and comparing the results in the future. The program saves the obtained results in the form: Name, Result: n Score (s). Based on this, the level of health of the tested person is determined - "High / Medium / Low".

The results of the "Tester" and diagnostics are stored in the program itself, where they can always be viewed and compared with the results of other people. The user can enter the test immediately after launching the program, entering his name, first name and patronymic. Without entering the name you can not begin testing. The passage of questions is accompanied by easy music, which, if desired, can be turned off. The program has a clear design, a lot of pop-up hints that will not allow the test person to "get lost". In the "Tester" application, you can edit the proposed questions and parts of the questionnaire, which will allow you to change both their order and the general theme of testing.

Evaluation of the individual health level by the functional systems of the body of each student is of great importance. It allows us to identify primarily borderline health conditions, in which there is virtually no disease, but under the influence of negative factors it can really develop.

The method of studying the state of health through screening allows us to conduct this assessment in the fastest, most convenient way and among a large number of people. In our work we carried out such diagnostics among the freshmen of our faculty, got a general idea of their state of health, checked the convenience of the method, A computer program that will allow the fastest, most accurate, large-scale and most effective testing. The main directions of our future work are the introduction of the computer program into mass use, i.е. Within the whole university, its maximum improvement for the most convenient use.

But the most important goal is the development of individual recommendations for each diagnosed person who will be issuing the same program. While doing research in this direction, we will strive to develop a whole system of computer tests for screening diagnostics of various components of human health, both physical and mental.

Such a technology will make it possible to accurately, clearly and affordably reflect the picture of the state of individual health in general, to give recommendations, what kind of professional work activity should be chosen for each student, to make wishes for self-improvement and strengthening of one's health. This will be very relevant for both students and teachers of physical culture.