Rynda is what? Rynda shipbuilding

Can you answer the question about what unites the ship's bell, the medieval squire-bodyguard, the river on the Kola Peninsula and the bay in Primorsky Krai? Probably not. Common to all of these concepts is the name - the market. This is one of those cases when in Russian the noun can be both a proper name and a common noun. Let's find out what values this word has, how and when it appeared in our language.

Origin of the word

Among linguists there is no unity regarding the origin of the word "market". Some insist that it happened from the Old Slav "market" - "shake". Other philologists assert that, perhaps, it was borrowed from medieval German, and the market is a modified word ridder - "knight".

Another hypothesis states that the word "market" has been translated into Russian from English. The Russian sailors who learned from the British naval work remade the ring the bell team in a more understandable and easily pronounced - "beat the market."

However, we leave historians and philologists with disputes on etymology, and we will understand the meaning of the word "market", in which cases it is used.

Let's start with the oldest historical meaning.

Palace rank

Today, scientists who studied Russian history of the 16th-17th centuries know that the markets were called princely armor-bearers-bodyguards of the pre-Petrine era. It turns out that the market is a court post, which could only be taken by young men from rich and influential families. Their main task was to accompany and protect the ruler during travel and various trips. During important receptions in the palace, they lined up on either side of the throne of the master. Rynds were always dressed in ceremonial clothes and armed with heavy axes, burbotshes. At the beginning of the XVIII century, this post was abolished.

In modern Russian, the word "market" in the meaning of "bodyguard" or "squire" is not used and is historicism.

Navy habits

Today, when they say "the ship's market", they mean the ship's bell, which every ship is equipped with since Peter's times. The submarines were no exception.

In fact, if you say according to all the rules, then the market is not the bell itself, but its sound, which should symbolize the beginning of a new day on the ship. Thus, the name of the ship's bell - the market used for centuries - has become traditional.

Despite the fact that all modern ships are equipped with more modern warning systems, the market is still used on both river and sea vessels in difficult situations, for example, when driving in a fog or an emergency on board.

When did she appear in the Russian Navy?

At the time of Peter the Great, actively developing the Russian fleet and learning from foreigners the art of navigating Russian sailors, along with new terms, commands and rules, a ship market appeared. Russian sailors of the sailing fleet, on whose ships the English command "ring the bell" was used, performed it, not really thinking about the meaning. Over time, an incomprehensible foreign team has evolved into a shorter one - "beat the market".

Main functions

The bell-market played an important role in the life of the ship and served not only to determine the time, but also to collect a command to build or alarm, designate its presence in a storm or fog. In addition, the sailors consider it to be a unique talisman of the ship and protect it.

The market is fixed on the bow of the ship, and the name of the ship is put on it. To determine the time, the sailors "hit the bottles" every half hour. This is due to the fact that earlier on ships there were only an hourglass with a maximum interval of 30 minutes. A special sailor tracked the moment when the sand poured from the upper bowl to the bottom, turned the clock and beat the flasks. The ship's charter clearly defines how many bottles should be beaten, since in the fleet the day is divided into four time intervals, each of which is severely beaten by a certain number of strokes. So, at 12 o'clock in the afternoon, that is at noon, they beat three times.

For mariners, the market is not only and not so much a signal instrument. Usually it is a talisman, on the outer side of which, as stated above, is the name of the ship.

Sea signs

Sailors - a superstitious people, and with such an important ship symbol as the market, there are many signs that they still believe today:

• One of the most ancient signs that have come from sailing ships, it is believed that a strong sound of the ship's markets can calm down a strong storm and drive away the raging sea devil.
• If, for some reason, the ship changes its name, the market remains the same and with the old name.
• In the event that a child was born on the ship, it was often baptized, or under the sound of the ship's market, and sometimes even in it.
• When the ship's bell is cracking or ringing for no reason, the crew is waiting for some troubles and problems.
• Anyone who steals or damages the ship's market, himself, brings trouble.
• To hear the sound of the ship's bell of the sunken ship - to serious trials or to death.

Geographical names

But, except for historical and maritime significance, the market is used and in geographical names. On the map of Russia there is a bay Rynda on the Russky Island in Primorsky Krai and a river with this name on the Kola Peninsula. It is interesting that the name of the river appears to have originated from the old Russian "market" meaning "shake", but the bay got its name in honor of the Russian armored deck corvette "Rynda", which floated in the Pacific Ocean in the XIX century.

The Rynda River is located in the northeast of the Kola Peninsula and flows into the Barents Sea.

The current of this river is quite active, and on it are three beautiful waterfalls. The upper part of the coast is steep, rocky and high, and rapids are interspersed with pits. In the lower part of the Rynda, the banks are more gentle and low. Both thresholds and waterfalls provide enough opportunities to "market". This river is famous for its fishing, it includes both large Atlantic salmon and sea trout, and trout and Arctic char. There are a lot of noodles, pikes and perch on the upper reaches.

In Primorsky Krai, on Russky Island, which is part of the city line of Vladivostok, there is the Rynda Bay, a photo of which you can see below. It refers to the water area of the Sea of Japan and is located in the western part of the island, between the voivodes of Voevoda and Babkin. The length of the stony and precipitous coastline of the Rynda Bay is about 5 kilometers, along it there are beaches that have long become popular with local residents. There are: a berth for boats, a tourist base, as well as a paid beach with an interesting name "Rybakov's Holiday House". According to the reviews of fishing enthusiasts, this is where the flounder best fetches.