Resocialization is what? How is the process of resocialization of the personality?

The concept, which is covered by the word "socialization", includes the process of connecting with society. The whole essence of this phenomenon is the person's assimilation of values, roles and norms, which are approved by most people. The notion of "socialization" is opposed by the other two. Their names are formed by the addition of consoles. These are "desocialization" and "resocialization". The first of them means such processes, in which antisocial and antisocial values and norms are acquired by a person. At the same time, a person acquires negative attitudes and stereotypes of behavior. This leads to destabilization and deformation of public relations.

Mechanism of desocialization

Why is a person chosen antisocial way? At the initial stage, this happens unconsciously. Children and adolescents adopt the manners of those adults who lead an antisocial way of life. At the same time, they satisfy their desire to receive approval from this negative microenvironment. In addition, according to their ideas, they become adults more quickly. In such a case, social control is exercised over the personality as a negative microenvironment . In this case, adolescents or children receive praise, approval and support if they take the path of antisocial behavior. Industriousness, mercy and kindness in such an environment are simply ridiculed.

The entire desocialization process is sometimes spontaneous. However, in some cases it is carried out purposefully. An example of this can be the education of adolescents criminal behavior to involve them in illegal activities. At the same time, the mechanism of punishments and rewards is widely used.

The path of correction

To the person who has risen on the antisocial way of behavior, various social institutions of social control apply resocialization. This concept means a certain kind of change that occurs in a person, which allows you to adopt a type of behavior that is fundamentally different from the previous one. In this case, the prefix "re-" means the destruction and dismantling of negative values and norms that have been assimilated by the person. In the course of this process, a person accepts those positive concepts that are approved by society.

Use of the term

The notion of "resocialization" is widely used not only by representatives of social psychology and sociology. The term is also used by lawyers and educators. It deals with social measures that are applied by society to people who have embarked on a criminal path.

In pedagogy, resocialization is the assimilation of new skills and values that must replace the old ones that have been obsolete or insufficiently mastered. The whole process is directed at people who have different types of deviant behavior. The goal pursued by resocialization is the restoration of the lost social status, as well as the reorientation of negative attitudes. The solution of this problem lies in the positive attitude of the pedagogically oriented environment towards the individual.

"Resocialization of convicts" is a term that lawyers use when solving problems of criminal executive policy. It is applied to youth. It is noted that in subjects of young age the ability to resocialization is higher than that of the older generation. For young people, this term can mean not the process itself, but its result.

Who is performing the resocialization?

The entry of a person into the path of antisocial development is fixed by institutions that carry out social control. At the same time, appropriate measures of resocialization can be taken by them. In this process, educational, military and labor collectives, school and family, public organizations, as well as law enforcement bodies in the person of their preventive structures participate. Often, the resocialization of the personality is carried out without deprivation of liberty. However, when a person commits a socially dangerous act, more stringent measures can be taken against him. In this case, on the verdict of the court, he is sent to places of deprivation of liberty. At the same time, resocialization is a specific stage designed to restore socially useful connections between the individual and society. In the course of this process, antisocial roles and behavior must be destroyed, and positive patterns of social values are fixed . Special institutions that carry out the process of resocialization in this case are the following:

- educational-labor colonies, where juveniles are held;

- Correctional labor colonies;

- Prison.

The main task that these social institutions are called upon to address is the re-education and correction of convicts, that is, resocialization.

The severity of the problem

The theme of resocialization is associated not only with those who have committed criminally punishable acts. It also applies to other categories of people. So, great importance for society is the resocialization of drug addicts, patients, as well as those who experienced stress during natural disasters, fighting or accidents.

Such people need not only social assistance. To conduct a normal process of resocialization, psychotherapy, psychocorrection (auto-training, etc.) will be needed. Social adaptation of such people should not be expected unless the emotional tension of the individual is removed.

Work on resocialization

Social rehabilitation in Western Europe is carried out by charity and various funds, the Salvation Army, the Church, etc. Similar work in Russia is carried out by rehabilitation centers. In this connection, there arises the need for the accelerated development of such a humanistic psychology that would be oriented towards the needs of this social practice.

It should be said that practically every person has a need for social adaptation. In this case, positive results appear only when the emotional stress is removed.

Conclusion

In the biography of man, there are certain life cycles. These are periods that separate important milestones from each other. In each new cycle there is a change of social roles, a new status is acquired. Often, life stages are characterized by a rejection of the previous environment and habits, friendly contacts, changes in the routine. When you move to a new step, a person enters a new cycle. At the same time he has to constantly retrain. This process is divided into two stages, which have special names. When there is a disaccustoming of a person from previous norms, values, rules of behavior and roles, they speak of desocialization of the individual. The next stage is training. It allows you to acquire new roles, rules of conduct and values in place of old ones. This process is called resocialization, which can be so deep that it leads to radical changes in the way of life.

An example of this can serve as a Russian emigrant who, after hitting America, finds himself in a completely new, versatile and rich culture. Personality has to give up old norms and traditions, which happens under the influence of a new life experience.