Reproduction of cherries by cuttings and ossicles: description, care and recommendations

Reproduction of cherries - both conventional and felt - on the countryside is possible in many ways. But most often this culture is bred with green cuttings. Sometimes bones are used for this purpose.

How to choose a planting material

The best indicators of survival are cherry cuttings taken from the top of annual green shoots. Cut them in the beginning of June - during a period of active growth. Check whether the shoot is suitable for cutting the planting material, simply. If, when winding on the finger, the selected process does not break down - you can safely cut off the shank from it. The optimal length of a branch intended for rooting is 5-7 cm.

Kidney on the cut should be two. Of course, the cut twig should be healthy, without damage. Under the lower kidney after trimming, approximately 1.5 cm of the length of the cut should remain. Leaflets should be shortened by half. Above, the branch is cut directly above the kidney.

Reproduction of cherries by bones - the procedure is generally uncomplicated. In this case, the planting material is taken from the best fruits.

Preparatory measures for propagation by cuttings

Do not dry the cut cherry twigs. Otherwise, in the future, they will not take root. Reproduction of cherries by cuttings in summer assumes only preliminary soaking of the latter in fresh solution of indolyl-butyric acid (50 g / l during the day). To immerse the planting material in it should be approximately 2-2.5 cm. The solution must be poured into glass or porcelain utensils. Too cold, of course, he should not. To dilute acid is better in standing water at room temperature.

Reproduction of cherries by green cuttings: ways of rooting

Plant the branches thus treated best in small greenhouses made of polyethylene film. With this method of rooting, they should be periodically watered and ventilated. Plant the cuttings to a depth of about 2.5 cm. The soil itself must be very warm (25-30 g).

Sometimes cuttings take root and a bit of other technology. In this case, transparent plastic bags are used. In them, pre-prepared substrate is poured. In each package, two cuttings are planted. Then, in a package, the mouth is inflated and tied.

Cherry cuttings take root usually within two weeks. At this time, the film from the greenhouse should be removed. The planting material placed in packets, after 14 days begin to gradually accustom to fresh air, opening first for half an hour a day, and then for a longer time.

Reproduction by felt cherries by cuttings is carried out using the same technology as the conventional one. This variety can also be rooted in a greenhouse or a packet. The habitability of green cherry cuttings of all varieties is quite good. Rooted usually 50-80% of planting material.

Recommendations regarding the composition of the soil

Of course, the reproduction of cherries will be more successful when planting cuttings not just in turf soil, but in a special substrate. Very good for rooting the cut branches is a mixture of garden soil with humus in a proportion of 1: 1. You can also use peat with perlite or expanded clay.

In packages it is necessary to pour in a mixture of a slightly different composition. Prepare it usually from the garden land and sand in a proportion of 1: 1. In each packet, this mixture is poured into a layer of 9 cm. It is desirable to add 2 cm of the usual washed sand on top.

At what age should I transplant

Continue such a procedure as the reproduction of cherries with green cuttings, the transfer of planting material to a permanent place. The trees, rooted in the hothouses, are usually left to grow on the beds for a year or two. In any case, before the transplantation, the root system should reach a length of at least 15 cm, the root neck - at least 4 mm in diameter, 80-100 cm in height, and 1-1.2 cm in height. The seedlings can be transferred to a permanent place as Autumn, and spring. Before their landing, they should be kept in a wet condition.

Cuttings, rooted in bags, about 3 weeks after planting are transferred to beds to grow. The next year (or two) they are seated.

Reproduction of cherries by cuttings in summer: selection of a landing site

You can place grown-up trees almost anywhere. However, some requirements for selecting a landing site on the site are still worth observing:

1. The level of groundwater in the place of cultivation of cherries should not be less than 2.5 m.
2. Best of all, this culture feels on sandy or loamy podzol soils with a good level of drainage.

It is not necessary to plant this crop on peaty, heavily swamped or gravelly soils. If the groundwater in the area approaches the surface too close, the cherry should be planted on a previously mounded hillock.

Reproduction of cherries by cuttings has one more feature. When choosing a place for a plant, it is necessary to take into account also such factor as compatibility of different garden crops. Best of all, this plant feels near apple trees and pears. Neighborhood with cherry plum, plum and apricot cherry does not bear well.

How to land

From the greenhouses and from the beds, the grown cherry is transferred to pre-excavated pits with a diameter of 60 and a depth of 80 cm. The soil that is taken from them is mixed with two buckets of manure, as well as a small amount of sand and peat. A kilogram of wood ash, 120 g of potassium sulfate and 300 g of superphosphate are added to the obtained substrate.

Soil mixture prepared in this way is poured into the pit with a mound. The roots of the seedlings are preliminarily kept in the manure-clay mixture.

Cultivation from the bones

Reproduction of cherries is possible and with the use of this planting material. But it is used quite rarely. The fact is that the cherries grown from the bones do not retain varietal qualities. Such plants usually do not tolerate the cold very well and do not have a high yield. However, they are very suitable as rootstocks. Most often this method of cultivation is used for a felt cherry. Some summer residents consider it even more preferable for this species. With respect to the laid technology, the reproduction of felt cherries by bones can be really very successful.

Planting material when using this method of breeding should be taken from local trees. Planting bones in the soil is best in the fall. Their germination is, unfortunately, not 100%, and therefore it is worth taking more of them from the fruits. To place on the bed planting material of this variety should be in steps of about 25 cm.

It is allowed to use this breeding technology in the spring. However, in this case, successful reproduction of felt cherries by bones is possible only if stratification is correctly performed. The procedure is as follows:

1. Planting material is covered in a jar, pre-mixed with peat and moss.
2. The container is covered with a polyethylene lid with the holes made in it and placed in the refrigerator for 6-8 weeks.

Reproduction of cherries by bones is possible and one more technology. Such planting material in winter can not be stored, but plant it in pots. In the spring, young saplings will simply need to be moved to the garden.

Recommendations for reproduction of felt cherries

Pick up the bones in this case should be as carefully as possible. Felt cherry, the reproduction of which - the procedure is absolutely uncomplicated, sometimes has such a disadvantage as sagging branches. Of the fruits of trees with such a bone defect, of course, it is better not to take. Also, do not use the planting material from trees that have too large branches.

The best solution is to take the bones from the berries of compact plants with dark green leaves and strong wood. Of course, when selecting the planting material, among other things, you should pay attention to the yield of the tree, the taste characteristics of its fruits, the rate of their maturation, etc. Of the good bones, of course, a much higher quality felt cherry will grow in the future. The reproduction of this culture, in comparison with the usual varieties, has one more feature. Her bones are planted to a depth of no more than 2 cm. For a normal cherry, this figure is 3 cm. In the aisles in both cases leave 25-30 cm of free space.

Recommendations for the care of young plants

Reproduction of varietal cherry, as it was possible to notice, is a simple matter. However, rooting cuttings and correctly planting them on a permanent place is, of course, only half the battle. To get good harvests, the trees should be taken care of properly.

Watering the cherries should be done four times a season - during the bud swelling, after flowering, after a while after shedding an extra ovary and during the growth of the fruit. In wet years, it is possible to moisten the soil under the trees less often. Because of overflow, the trunk and branches of this culture can begin to crack.

Of course, cherries should be fed every year. As fertilizer, manure, compost and ash are commonly used. Very well this garden culture responds and to liming. This procedure is desirable to be carried out once every 5-6 years. Depending on the pH of the soil under the tree, 200-300 g of slaked lime, chalk or dolomite flour should be added.

Approximately the same technology is carried out, including for such a variety, as felt cherry, care. Reproduction of it is a simple procedure, even for an inexperienced summer resident. At the same time, many believe that it is even easier to care for a felt cherry than for ordinary varieties. For example, these trees during the season do not even need to be fed. In order for a felt cherry to get the necessary amount of nutrients, its rootstock should simply be covered with manure.

Pruning young trees

This procedure is usually done once a year - in the spring. There are no special rules for pruning. Most often, the crown is just thinned and removed from it all the dried up, frozen and improperly growing shoots. Skeletal branches usually do not touch when pruning. Sometimes gardeners practice the reproduction of cherries by thickets. This, by the way, is also a very simple way. In this case, the shoots are simply excavated together with a piece of root and transferred to the desired location. If the shoots for breeding cherries on the site are not used, it, of course, should be periodically cleaned. And it's worth doing more often, because cherries grow very quickly and can easily drown the planting of other crops.

Conclusion

Reproduction by felt cherries cuttings, as well as ordinary, as you can see - the procedure is relatively simple. The main thing is to prepare a good soil for the cut branches and create a suitable microclimate for them. Quite simply, to multiply this culture and using pits. When spring planting in this case, it is important to properly perform stratification. Transfer of the seedlings obtained by both these technologies is carried out in a standard way.