Regulations on accounting in the Russian Federation

On January 1, 1999, the Accounting Regulations of 34n. It refers to the Program for Reforming Russia's Financial Reporting, established in accordance with international standards. New regulations on accounting are formed from several sections.

First Section

This part describes the main provisions of accounting. Let's consider its brief content. The first section includes the main provision for accounting, established by the law of Russia, the rules for the formation of reports and their transfer for consideration by authorized persons. In the same part of the specifics of the transfer of the necessary information to consumers. In addition, it also provides a clear definition of the term "accounting", describes the main components and sets its main goals, describes the rules for regulating this procedure. All these principles are based on the laws of the Russian Federation and regulatory and legal acts. Mentioned and responsible persons who control the strict implementation of all rules. The size and complexity of the work allows the head of the organization to create a specialized department, which will be headed by the chief accountant or a hired specialist, or you can ask for help from an organization working with accounting (one person can perform this task). But the manager can also handle the reporting work independently.

Second Section

In this section, the main provisions on accounting (PBU), the rules of ordering and distribution of information cells, samples of property valuation are indicated. The same part provides a detailed description of the verification of the availability and recalculation of property, as well as the performance of specific obligations, the procedure for finding inconsistencies in the received data with the original, certified in the documentation.

Third Section

This part of the document describes a number of rules that must be followed when reporting. Their formation is carried out through the Federal Law and the Accounting Regulations. When reporting, it is necessary to observe a double record of all transactions conducted in the economy for a working chart of accounts, which is formed on the basis of a general plan of accounts compiled by the Ministry of Finance of Russia. The provisions on accounting in the Russian Federation suggest that all records relating to reporting should be conducted in Russian. At the same time, money is converted into rubles. If the original documents were compiled in one of the foreign languages, then it is mandatory to translate them into Russian. When keeping records, it is important to indicate the costs of production and output separately from costs related to various investments. It is equally important to keep constant reports on the activities of the economy. In the case of an operation, documents must be drawn up in the process or after the procedure. They need to be filled in accordance with the forms and samples approved by the head of the organization. He has the right to make rules for maintaining all documentation and data storage.

Archiving information

In order to properly systematize, distribute and store all papers and information, it is necessary to refer to the samples and standards that are created by the Ministry of Finance of Russia. In addition, regional authorities or the organizations themselves may participate in the development of forms, while observing certain uniform rules. Assessing the property is necessary, considering all the funds spent for its acquisition. If the material values are not charged, then for the above operation use the data on the price at the time of receipt. In the event that information on objects (objects) of property is revealed directly by the organization itself, the valuation is performed in accordance with the cost of the property. The laws of the Russian Federation and the legal acts of the Ministry of Finance provide for single cases where the procedure for carrying out this activity may differ from the options described above. Inventory of property means and liabilities is an integral procedure in conducting accounting. The head of the organization must personally determine the regularity and conditions for conducting the recalculation of property. However, there are such exceptions when the inventory becomes mandatory for a certain period and is based on the rules of the Accounting Regulations. In each organization, individual reporting rules can be formed, but they must be based on common standards and procedures.

Fourth Section

For each organization, there are rules, features and time frames in which all accounting reports for the year must be submitted. It is also mentioned that the information obtained is available for banks, investors, creditors, buyers, suppliers and any other interested parties. The rules and procedures for presenting documentation are determined on the basis of the laws of the Russian Federation.

Fifth Section

If an organization has subsidiaries or affiliated companies, its responsibilities include not only monitoring and maintaining its own accounting records, but also drawing up general documentation. It includes information about all organizations that are subordinate to the main, even if they exist outside the borders of Russia. When compiling the documentation, it must be signed by the head of the organization and the accountant, who was responsible for preparing the reports.

Sixth Section

This part of the document describes the rules for the allocation, structuring and storage of all accounting documents. Temporary segments, during which it is allowed to store papers and reporting, are determined by nation-wide rules for the formation of archives. However, usually this period can not be less than five years. The bodies of inquiry, the prosecutor's office, the court and the tax police or the inspection have the right to collect the documents. The person in charge of storing documentation and reporting is the head of the organization. The chief accountant, as well as another person whose work is connected with the reporting, is allowed to make copies of the documentation in the event of their withdrawal. It is necessary to do this with the witnesses, who are the representatives of the bodies that seize the documents. It is necessary to specify the date of the procedure and the reason for the need for making copies.

The definition of "assumptions"

This term can be called the main principles and provisions for accounting. Speaking specifically about the conduct of reporting in Russia, the assumption is the rules for its compilation. This term also extends to the maintenance of documentation. The organization is not obliged to mention and announce the existence of a set of orders, since their presence is obvious. However, deviations from the rules arising in the preparation of documentation are not allowed. If there are any, then it is mandatory to indicate the reason for what happened. A number of assumptions are singled out, which include the organization's isolation according to the property criterion, continuous activity without interruptions, compliance with the accounting rules in the specified timeframes, and in the required sequence.

Reporting requirements

For accounting reporting around the world, there are other rules and principles. These include caution, materiality, rules for valuing property. For such principles, the term "requirements" has been introduced in Russia. In each organization, the requirements for the completeness, timeliness and consistency of the accounting documents to be compiled must be taken into account. There are several basic principles. The first requirement is to display all aspects of the activity in the documentation. The second says that all activities should be reflected in the accounting documentation in a timely manner. In addition, there is a requirement for prudence (another name is caution). This concept indicates the ability of an organization to prepare for the occurrence of losses. In other countries, the income of the organization is taken into account in the documentation only after its receipt, whereas losses can be mentioned even when there is only a threat of their occurrence. In order to solve this problem, organizations need to have reserve funds.