Rasul Gamzatov: biography, creativity, family, photos and quotes

The famous Avar poet of the Soviet period Rasul Gamzatov was born in 1923, on September 8, in Tsada (a village in the Khunzakh district of the Dagestan ASSR). His father, Gamzat Tsadasi, was a folk poet of his native republic, laureate of the State Prize of the Soviet Union, and his mother Khandulay Gaidarbekgadzievna Gamzatova (1888-1965) was a simple Asian woman, guardian of the home.

School years

Like all Soviet children, at the age of 7, that is, in 1930, Rasul Gamzatov went to study at the Araninsk high school, he was a fairly diligent, intelligent and inquisitive student. He especially liked listening to his father's stories about the famous hero Shamil, who, after receiving eight wounds in his heart, continued to fight. He was able to cut the rider together with the horse from head to foot with one blow of his saber. In addition, Rasul listened with fascination to the story of the brave naib Hadji Murad. Later he translated Leo Tolstoy's poem about this hero into his native language. Other favorite heroes of the future poet were the legendary Khochbar and Choh beautiful Kamalil Bashir. All this is because Rasul Gamzatov's nationality is an avar, and he was interested in all those stories that told about the heroic past of his people. He also liked to listen to songs on the words of the legendary singer of love Mahmud. He knew about the history of his people precisely from these stories. And little Rasul liked to listen to the poems written by his father. Soon he learned them by heart.

Rasul Gamzatov. Biography: the first steps as a poet

When the boy was only 9 years old, he wrote his first verses. From that day the lines from under his pen poured out, as from a cornucopia. They were about his native school, friends, classmates, teachers, etc. By age 13 (then Rasul Gamzatov had just moved to the 7th grade) in one of the Avar newspapers, namely in the Bolshevik Mountains, published One of his poems. The well-known writer Rajab Dinmagomayev, compatriot of the Gamzatovs, wrote a commendable review of this work. After that, Rasul was continually published in various editions of the Khunzakh district, in the Buinaksk city newspaper, and also in the republican weekly Bolshevik Gory. Since the boy did not have his own pseudonym, he subscribed to the creative name of his father, Tsadas. But one day a gray-haired highlander showed him his surprise at the changes in his father's style. And in order that he was not confused with Tsadas, he took as his pseudonym the name of his ancestor. Now he was a young Avar poet who bore the name of Rasul Gamzatov.

Youth

After the end of the 8th grade of secondary school, the future famous poet submitted documents to the Avark Pedagogical College in the city of Buinaksk. After 2 years he returned to his native school as a teacher. After a while he joined the Avarsky State Theater as an assistant to the director, and later became head of the department in the Dagestan newspaper Bolshevik Gory, where he also worked as his own correspondent. Then his fate led to the Dagestan radio, and for some time he was the editor of the program.

Moscow

After the end of the Great Patriotic War, in which he lost his brothers, Rasul Gamzatov moved to Moscow to study in the capital's literary institute named after. M. Gorky. The Lak poet poet Effendi Kapiev, who, hearing his poems translated into Russian, was fascinated by this step, was fascinated by the talent of the young Avar. By the way, even before moving to Moscow, the young man was a member of the Writers' Union of the USSR. Gamzatova's knowledge of Russian was more than insufficient for admission to the literary institute, but the director, Fyodor Vasilyevich Gladkov, liked the translations of his poems so much that he ignored the many mistakes committed by the young men in the dictation, and wrote it among the accepted students. Perhaps he already had a premonition that he was facing the future famous poet, and not only in his homeland. Indeed, years later, the whole of the USSR knew who Rasul Gamzatov was. His biography of this period was the beginning of his career as a literary figure of the USSR.

Study at the Institute. M. Gorky

Here, at the institute, the young Avar discovered many new things. Poetry opened up for him in a new light. More and more acquainted with the work of various Russian and foreign authors, he fell in love one time or another. Among his favorites were Blok, Yesenin, Bagritsky, Mayakovsky, and, of course, Pushkin, Nekrasov, Lermontov, and from foreign works Heine was very close to him. In 1950, the poet Rasul Gamzatov graduated from the institute. Later he said that Russian literature had made an indelible impression on him and on his work.

Public activity and state awards

After Rasul Gamzatov graduated in Moscow literary and returned to his native Dagestan, he was elected chairman of the Writers' Union of the Autonomous Republic. He held this post for 53 years, until his death in 2003. In addition, he was elected first deputy, and then deputy chairman of the Supreme Soviet of the Dagestan autonomous Soviet republic, and after that already a member of the all-Union scale. He was also a member of the editorial boards of such authoritative publications as Novy Mir and Friendship of Peoples (magazines), Literaturnaya Rossiya and Literaturnaya gazeta, and others.

The life of Rasul Gamzatov was very rich: he constantly moved from Dagestan to Moscow, traveled a lot, met with fans of his talent, but most importantly, he always felt the attention and care of the state. It can be called a darling of fate. In those years, the state awarded various talents to talented artists and awarded medals and orders. Gamzatov was a Knight of the Order of Lenin (four times), "October Revolution", "Friendship of Peoples", etc. Before his death in 2003, he received from President Vladimir V. Putin the Order of St. Andrew.

Rasul Gamzatov is a poet

Even while studying at the institute, the first collection of poems by the famous Avar poet in Russian was published. After that, it was translated into the languages of other peoples of the USSR. The best works of the poet were: "Our mountains", "My land", "The year of my birth", "The word about the elder brother", "The homeland of the mountaineer", "In the mountains my heart", "Dagestan spring", "3rema" (1963). ), "And the star with the star says", "The third hour", "Cranes", "Island of Women", "My Dagestan", "Judge me by the code of love", "Highlander's Constitution" and others. Almost each of the collections was awarded a state award. For example, for the "Year of my birth" poet Rasul Gamzatov was awarded the State Prize of the USSR, and for the "High Stars" - Lenin Prize.

Sage!

They say that the mountains make people special. Perhaps this is from closeness to God? Isolated from the world, inhabited far from civilization, among the mountains live real sages. From the works of Rasul Gamzatov, from his thoughts he simply captures the spirit! They contain an incredible number of wise statements. Here, judge: "Glory, do not, do not touch the living ... even the strongest and best you kill sometimes." It's amazing how much depth is in this line! And here is how he represents happiness: "Happiness is not something that comes of its own when you are not looking for it; happiness is a city that has been beaten off in battle or rebuilt on the ashes."

Songs of Rasul Gamzatov

Melody was written for many verses of the Avar poet. Songs were performed by such famous singers as the legendary Anna Herman, the world-famous Galina Vishnevskaya, Iosif Kobzon, Muslim Magomayev, Valery Leontiev, Sofia Rotaru, Vakhtang Kikabidze and others.

Family of Rasul Gamzatov

The great Avarian writer devoted his whole life to his parents. Of course, his father would be the highest authority for him, but he had a special love for his mother. Life of a woman of mountains is not so easy, therefore his attitude to her was careful. Here is a quote from one of his works: "I conjure: take care of your mother." The children of the world, take care of your mother. " He also respected his wife. The poet had a fairly large family. And as is customary in every Asian family, he was surrounded by attention, reverence and care of his household. Rasul Gamzatov's wife Patimat gave him three daughters. He did not have an heir. Yes, and his daughter gave him a lot of granddaughters and not a single grandson. Perhaps, precisely because he was constantly surrounded by women, his attitude towards the weaker sex was so trembling. He appreciated their beauty and tenderness very much. Here are the lines he dedicated to mothers: "Years, you do not have power over a woman - and, of course, it's not a secret." For children, all mothers are beautiful, so there are no ugly women! "

Memory

The great Avar poet died in 2003 at the age of 80 years. During his lifetime he immortalized himself with his beautiful works. The governments of Russia and Dagestan have repeatedly made decisions on the establishment of memorials to the memory of the great Avar as in the territory of Dagestan (there are many monuments to Rasul Gamzatov here) and throughout Russia. In 2013, in the presence of Russian President Vladimir Putin and the mayor of Moscow, a memorial to the great poet was inaugurated in the capital.