Publicistic style of speech

The publicistic style of speech has found wide application in various spheres of human life. In particular, it is used in magazines, on television, in newspapers, on radio, in party activities, in public speeches. Among the spheres of its application, it is necessary to note both documentary films and political literature intended for the mass reader.

Publicistic style is a functional kind of literary language. This concept has a close connection with the concept of "journalism", which, in turn, because of the peculiarities of the content of works related to it, is considered a concept more literary than linguistic.

Publicistic style of speech is characterized by a fundamental heterogeneity of stylistic means. These should include special terminology, and emotional coloring of vocabulary, as well as a combination of expressive and standard language tools.

The peculiarity of this style lies in the breadth of the lexical coverage of the literary language. The publicist is able to apply technical and scientific terms, and he can go beyond the literary language and start using simple colloquial speech (in some cases, jargon elements), which, however, it is desirable to avoid.

It should be noted that the journalistic style of speech does not apply to all texts that are placed in the media. So, for example, the decrees, laws, resolutions presented in newspapers are officially official publications. The articles submitted by scientists on the topics are scientific publications. Often on the radio you can hear the reading of novels, stories, stories. These works are artistic.

The publicistic style of speech can relate to any topic that has penetrated the public's focus. Of course, this circumstance makes it necessary to attach special lexical elements to the speech, which require explanations, and in some cases, and sufficiently developed comments.

Along with this, certain topics are in the public's attention constantly. Thus, the vocabulary related to them acquires the coloring of the journalistic style, and the composition of the dictionary is supplemented by the formed circle of characteristic lexical units. Among the topics highlighted constantly, it is necessary to allocate politics, information about elections, activities of parliament and government, statements of statesmen and others. Of no small importance is the economic theme.

Expressive morphological features of the journalistic style are expressed in special ways of using grammatical forms.

So, for example, often in the plural is used a single number: "Endurance and understanding in a Russian person was always present ..."

Characteristic is also the use of plural nouns that do not have it. For example: authorities, risks, budgets, strategies, mafias, searches, freedoms and others.

In order to attract attention in journalism, the imperative forms of the verb are used. For example: "Let's think ...", "Look ...", "Pay attention ..." and others.

In order to emphasize the significance of this or that event, the present verb form is used. For example: "Tomorrow the fair opens."

Characteristic for the style is the use of such derivative prepositions as: on the basis, in the interests, for the reason, in the light, on the way, taking into account, in the course and others.

Quite typical is the inversion order of words. This allows in many cases in the proposal to put the topic in the first place.

To increase the emotional impact, reinforcement of the expressed thoughts are often asked questions rhetorical. For example: "What are these people worse than others?"

Genres of the journalistic style of speech are usually divided into three groups: analytical (article, conversation, review, review, etc.), information (reportage, note, report, interview) and artistic essays (essay, essay, feuilleton).