Specific forms of verbs in Russian

The verb, like any independent part of speech, has a number of morphological features. One of these constant signs of the verb is the view.

In general, the presence of a category of species is characteristic of the Slavic languages. Specific forms of verbs denote the logical connection of an action with the time of its completion. In other words, the meaning of the verb form is completeness or incompleteness.

Verbs can be perfect and imperfect in Russian . The perfect view indicates an action that has either already occurred or will be completed:

Dmitry (what did?) Found out that in this neighborhood, soon (what will they do?) Will build a house.

The imperfect form differs in that it denotes the process of action itself, and not the fact of its completeness:

They (what did?) Fled towards each other. Children (what do?) Behave directly.

Verbs of this kind are often used in speech to denote recurring events:

Eugene daily (what does?) Read books in English.

Peter goes to work every morning (what does?) On foot.

Specific forms of verbs in the Russian language are distinguished by morphemes. Non-derivative verbs, in which there is no prefix, as a rule, belong to the imperfect species, and the derived words from them to the perfect. And the transition from one type to another in most cases is accompanied by a change of lexical meaning.

Let's compare:

Cutting - what to do? - Ness. at. Cut - what to do? - owls. at.;

Change - what to do? - Ness. at. To change - what to do? - owls. at.

But not always the verb form can be determined by the presence or absence of word-building morphemes (prefixes and suffixes). For example, some verbs formed by the prefix way, remain imperfect:

(What to do?) To go - to leave - to come - to pass.

Verbs form a species pair in the event that they have one lexical meaning:

• Illustrate - illustrate;
• Combine - merge;
• To build.

In most cases, these are the same root forms.

Verbs that have different roots in the same species pair in the Russian language is extremely small:

• Speak - say;
• Take - take.

Even more rare are the species forms of verbs that make up a pair, differing only in accent:

• To cut - to cut.

Many verbs do not have a pair at all, they are usually called single-species:

• Cry out (owls);
• To have a sleep (cos.);
• To be present (nonsec.).

If to the word both questions are appropriate: "what to do?" And "what to do?" Means before us a two-species verb. Such forms of verbs convey the semantic nuances characteristic of their species, precisely in the context of the sentence:

The person (what does?) Uses far from all the possibilities of his brain.

To test knowledge, the teacher tomorrow (which will do?) Uses tests.

As we see, from these homonyms are obtained the modern forms of verbs: their differences are not only in species affiliation, but also in relation to the time of the event.

Both verbs have a number of grammatical differences. For example, in perfect form there is no form of the present time, and in the imperfect form the future tense form consists of two words.

So, knowledge of the semantic and grammatical differences of specific forms is necessary for the accuracy and expressiveness of speech, since the incorrect use of verbs can lead not only to distortion of meaning, but also to stylistic errors.