Pre-trip inspection of drivers: the rules. Pre-trip and post-trip medical examinations

The health of the driver affects the quality of driving, and therefore the number of accidents. How can this be controlled? First of all, the responsibility rests with the driver himself, as well as with the enterprises responsible for his admission to motor transport. How pre-trip inspection of drivers is carried out, as well as their post-trip survey, we will consider further in the article.

Why do I need a physical examination?

At any enterprise in motor transport or in construction organizations there is a driver's position. And it does not matter what kind of vehicle he drives, most importantly - in what condition.

A large number of construction equipment implies the presence of such specialties as a tractor driver, excavator, machinist and many others. All these categories must be examined at the very beginning of the working day.

The Constitution obliges to protect the work of hired workers. And this means that it is necessary to create all the conditions that will ensure the safety of their work. For the driver, one of these conditions will be his state of health. Only a healthy and adequate person is able to respond correctly to the prevailing road conditions or production situations, and this directly affects accidents on roads and production.

A medical examination of drivers is first and foremost a determination of their willingness to operate the vehicle safely. When granting rights to this is mandatory to monitor the mental state, as well as the identification of dependence on alcohol and drugs. Daily pre-trip inspection allows you to monitor the health of the driver and promptly detect any deviations and violations.

Types of medical examination of the driver

To conduct such a procedure, as a medical check-up of drivers, there are specially developed conditions. So, the legislation provides for several types of physical examination:

1. Pre-trip.
2. Current.
3. Post-flight.

Who is responsible

At enterprises, the responsibility for carrying out the above is for officials who are responsible for the operation and maintenance of vehicles. In addition, their duties include:

1. Carry out the selection of drivers.
2. To monitor the timely increase of their professional level.
3. Obliged to monitor the state of health and the implementation of the regime of work and rest.
4. Do not allow to drive vehicles.

In the latter case, there is a whole list of such persons:

• Drivers who do not have the appropriate category of rights;
• Did not undergo the medical examination within the specified time;
• Took drugs that lower the reaction rate and cause drowsiness;
• Workers in a state of intoxication or under the influence of narcotic drugs.

All these conditions, officials can perform only after a pre-trip medical examination of the driver. It is performed by a medical worker, which later is responsible for issuing an admission to transport management. How do I arrange an inspection before the flight?

We organize an inspection of drivers

In order to arrange a pre-trip medical check-up, the following conditions must be met. So, at the enterprise there should be a post of the medical worker who will carry out survey of drivers. To do this, it is permitted to hire an employee under a contract, and medical personnel from the nearest medical institution are also allowed.

The main thing is that the examination should be carried out by a specialist who has undergone special training before that.

Pre-trip inspection is carried out immediately before departure, after receiving a waybill. To do this, a special room should be allocated with adequate lighting for a thorough inspection. The results are recorded in the pre-trip inspection log. This document is sealed with the seal of the enterprise.

How to fill out the journal

The requirements for keeping a journal are strict and do not allow negligence. In the journal, the following must be observed:

1. The pages are numbered.
2. The binding is tied.
3. The record is sealed by the seal of the enterprise or medical institution, if the examination takes place in the hospital.

After the pre-trip inspection of the driver, the following data is recorded:

• Full Name;
• age;
• place of work;
• Date and time when the inspection was conducted;
• Conclusion on inspection;
• Taken measures;
• FULL NAME. Medical worker.

If the medic does not have claims to the driver, he puts the stamp on the waybill. Also specifies the date and time when it was passed, its full name. And a signature.

How to pass a pre-trip medical examination

Inspection of the driver before the flight, as a rule, implies a conversation with the driver about his state of health. In this case, attention should be paid to the behavior and mental state of the driver. Equally important are the indicators:

• Temperature;
• Blood pressure;
• Heart rate.

The doctor conducts a visual inspection, not forgetting to pay attention to residual or obvious signs of drinking alcohol or drugs.

In case of detection of the above signs, it is necessary to conduct a laboratory examination and instrumental, as well as to exercise control over sobriety.

How to control sobriety

One of the most important indicators of a driver's inspection is his sobriety, because a significant number of accidents occur due to violation of this rule. Therefore, carrying out pre-trip inspections necessarily provides for the control of the driver's sobriety.

The doctor pays attention, first of all, to such factors:

• Strong smell of alcohol;
• The behavior of the driver is suspicious, a reaction is observed;
• rapid pulse;
• Speech impairment;
• The pupil response is abnormal.

The doctor analyzes the exhaled air. In case of suspicion of alcoholic intoxication or the presence of narcotic drugs in the body, urine should be taken for analysis. This procedure is carried out using an express test. To take blood for analysis is prohibited. A popular method of checking sobriety is walking in a straight line, sharp turns or lifting a thing off the floor.

If there is a suspicion of the presence of alcohol or drugs in the body of the driver, and he does not agree with this, it is necessary to send him for an examination.

If the driver is obviously drunk, if he refuses the examination, it is necessary to draw up an act on his intoxicated state during working hours. The act is made in two copies. One remains with the medical worker, and the other is transferred to the head of the enterprise. This fact, by the way, can be the basis for dismissal.

Risk groups

At the time of pre-trip inspection, most pay attention to people who often find the following deviations from the norm:

• High blood pressure;
• Elevated temperature;
• Frequent colds;
• The presence of chronic diseases;
• Alcohol abuse;
• Was the use of drugs, which include psychotropic substances ;
• Use of medicines for regular therapy.

All these indicators are recorded in the journal. Drivers who have such problems with health or with alcoholic beverages are included in the "risk group", here are also people over 55 years old.

It is for this category that the current and post-trip inspection is recommended.

To work are not allowed

The driver may not be allowed to operate if such deviations are detected:

• Signs of exacerbation of chronic diseases;
• Increased body temperature;
• Loss of strength.
• Headache or toothache;
• Strong or very weak heartbeat;
• High blood pressure;
• Obvious signs of alcohol intoxication or narcotic effects;
• Taking medications that slow the reaction.

If there is a suspicion of the presence of alcohol or drugs in the blood, the sobriety control is carried out, which we described earlier.

If signs of exacerbation of chronic diseases are found, the driver is sent to the hospital to see a specialist. He confirms the chauffeur's disability and issues a sick leave sheet. Otherwise, if the doctor does not see any signs of illness, he issues a certificate that the patient is healthy and can work.

The data of drivers who have chronic illnesses are recorded in a separate journal, in addition, cards are put on them. The medical worker annually makes lists with the indication of the diagnosis of such people and recommendations for admission to work. If usually we undergo medical examination once a year, then for this category it is shown every six months, depending on the state of health.

Post-trip inspection

Post-trip inspection primarily disciplined employees. Knowing about it, the driver will not drink alcohol, knowing that at any time it can be checked. After all, as a result, you can lose your earnings or, breaking the rules of the road in such a state, you will not have the right to drive. And we know that a large number of road accidents are committed through the fault of the drunk driver.

Pre-trip and post-trip medical examinations are conducted in the same way. Except that in the latter case the driver is no longer issued a voucher. However, if there are signs of alcohol consumption, or a suspicion that the driver used narcotic drugs, he may be dismissed.

For those who have chronic diseases, post-trip monitoring is also necessary. To prevent an aggravation of the disease and timely take the necessary measures.

It is worth noting that you can not control the sobriety of the driver without his consent. It is documented in writing. Also such consent in advance can be stipulated in the employment contract or is issued as a separate document. Most often this important moment is provided for when applying for a job.

According to the law "On road safety", pre-trip inspections of drivers are mandatory, and post-trip inspections are necessary for everyone who is a "risk group". Only in this way can you be sure that only sober and healthy drivers will be driving on our roads.