Ospamox: instructions for use. "Ospamox": use in children

The drug "Ospamox" is a group of beta-lactam antibiotics. The medication has an antimicrobial effect of pronounced character. The active component of the drug is amoxicillin.

pharmachologic effect

The active component of the drug, amoxicillin, is a semi-synthetic substance that is part of the aminopenicillin group. They, in turn, refer to the penicillin series of antimicrobial medications. Medication "Ospamox" instructions for use characterize as an antibiotic with a wide spectrum of action. The agent has a strong bactericidal effect. The mechanism of activity of the drug is due to its ability to inhibit the synthesis of peptidoglycan, which forms the basis of the membrane of bacterial cells. Due to the violation of the structure of the wall, its destruction and subsequent lysis of microorganisms takes place.

Spectrum of action

The antibiotic "Ospamox" has an effect on gram-negative aerobic and anaerobic microorganisms. Resistance (resistance) has strains that produce beta-lactamases. This, in particular, refers to penicillinase, since amoxicillin undergoes destruction under its influence.

Suction

When taking orally, the drug "Ospamox" is absorbed quickly enough in the digestive system. Absorption occurs mainly in the small intestine. Depending on the dose taken, the bioavailability of the drug is 75-90%. Eating does not affect the speed and completeness of absorption. For one or two hours, the maximum concentration of the drug in the plasma is reached. The connection with proteins is quite low - about 17%.

Distribution

Medication "Ospamox" penetrates well into various biological fluids, as well as body tissues. Concentrations of clinical significance are detected in the secretion and sputum of the bronchial system. The drug passes well the hematoplacental barrier. In the tissues of the fetus and amniotic fluid, quite high concentrations are created. A small amount of active substance is found in milk. The active component of the drug "Ospamox" badly passes the blood-brain barrier. In patients with meningitis, the concentration of the agent in the cerebrospinal fluid is about 20% of the total amount taken. With the normal activity of the liver in bile, a high content of medicament is found. About 7-25% of the drug is metabolized in the body with the subsequent formation of penicillic acid - a pharmacologically inactive product.

Excretion

It is carried out mainly by the kidney system (about 60-80%). The drug is displayed both in the form of decomposition products, and in unchanged form. The rest is excreted with bile. With normal renal function, the elimination half-life is 1-1.5 hours, with kidney failure 5-20 hours. The active substance is excreted during hemodialysis.

Indications

Medication "Ospamox" instructions for use recommends that patients with pathologies, caused by microorganisms that are sensitive to amoxicillin, should be prescribed. In particular, the remedy is effective for infectious diseases in the ENT organs and upper respiratory tract. These include sinusitis, pharyngitis, otitis media (acute), laryngitis, tonsillitis and others. The "Ospamox" remedy is also recommended for use in infectious diseases of the lower respiratory system. Indications, in particular, include bacterial pneumonia, chronic and acute bronchitis, abscess in the lungs. The medicine "Ospamox" is prescribed (the instruction for use confirms this information) for infectious pathologies of soft tissues and skin. These include, including, dermatoses, infected again, face, impetigo. Recommended medication for infections in the organs of the digestive system. In particular, indications are typhoid fever, salmonellosis, dysentery. The medicine "Ospamox" instruction for use allows for prescription as a preventive agent. In particular, it is recommended for patients who are predisposed to the development of endocarditis. Medication is also used during operations. The medicine can be prescribed by a patient with peritonitis, leptospirosis, cholecystitis, listeriosis, Lyme disease, meningitis and sepsis.

"Ospamox" tablets: instructions for use

The medicine is intended for oral administration. The tablet can be divided into parts or swallowed whole. It can also be diluted in a glass of water. Patients with 10 years of age (with a body weight of more than 40 kg) are recommended to 0.5 g 3 r. / Day. In case of severe infection, the dosage is 0.75-1 g 3 r. / Day. (This information contains the instructions for use attached to the Ospamox preparation). For children, the dosage is determined according to age. Thus, for patients aged 5-10 years, 0.25, 2-5 - 0.125 g, and up to 2 years - 20 mg / kg are prescribed. The frequency of admission - three times a day (so recommends the instructions for use in the package containing Ospamox 250 (tablets)). In severe pathology in patients up to two years, admission to 60 mg / kg is allowed. The frequency is also 3 r. / Day. Duration of treatment is 5-12 days.

Dosage for adults

With gonorrhea (acute uncomplicated), the drug "Ospamox 1000" instructions for use recommends taking once. Dosage - 3 g. When treating women, it is recommended to take the same amount again. In the treatment of diseases of the digestive system and bile ducts of an acute nature, as well as gynecological pathologies, appoint 1.5-2 g three times or 1-1.5 four times a day. With leptospirosis, a dose of 0.5-0.75 g of 4 r./d. The duration of therapy is 6-12 days. When treating salmonella, it is recommended three times a day for 1.5-2 g. Therapy is conducted 2-4 weeks. As a preventive remedy, the drug is prescribed 3-4 grams per hour before surgery. After 8-9 hours, if necessary, appoint a second appointment. For children, the dosage is halved.

Syrup "Ospamox": instructions for use

The drug is prescribed for children depending on their age and weight. Patients may take the drug for up to one year. Dosage of the drug "Ospamox 250" (suspension) instruction for use in infants (premature babies in particular) recommends reducing or increasing the interval between doses. Typically, the recommended dose is 30-50 mg / kg. Do not dilute the suspension with milk or tea. The child can be given a drink after taking the medicine. Patients 1-3 years of age appoint 2.5-5 ml, 3-6 - 5-7.5 ml of the drug "Ospamox 250". Instructions for use recommend drinking the medicine twice a day. For patients from 6 years of age, the frequency of admission is the same. Patients 6-10 years are assigned to 2.5-5 ml, 10-14 - 5-7.5 ml of the drug "Ospamox 500". Instructions for use also allow the appointment of a medication as a preventive measure before surgery. In this case, the dosage is 50 mg / kg of weight per hour before the manipulation starts. If necessary, a second dose of Ospamox 500 can be prescribed. Instructions for use recommend giving the drug no earlier than 6 hours after the first time.

Side effects

About them warns the instructions for use attached to the preparation "Ospamox". Suspension, for example, can provoke a disorder of the gastrointestinal tract, nausea, vomiting, and stool disorders. Some patients may experience dry mouth, tooth discoloration (reversible), and taste disorders. It is extremely rare to stain the tongue in a dark color. To the negative consequences of taking the drug "Ospamox" should be attributed to increased activity of enzymes in the liver, flatulence, anorexia, hyperkinesia, dizziness. Some patients have a headache in the background of medication therapy. When taking elevated doses, as well as in patients with impaired renal function, convulsions are likely. In some cases, interstitial nephritis, agranulocytosis and thrombocytopenia may develop. Against the background of taking the medicine, Ospamox may have an allergy. It can be expressed in the form of hives, rashes, itching, allergic vasculitis. In addition, there is likely the emergence of Stevens-Johnson syndrome, Quincke's edema, necrolysis (toxic epidermal), exfoliative dermatitis. In rare cases, anaphylactic shock is noted. In single patients, a drug fever developed. With prolonged or repeated admission of a drug, the occurrence of superinfection is likely. In particular, patients may have vaginal or oral candidiasis.

Contraindications

Medication "Ospamox" is not recommended for individual sensitivity to the components of the drug, as well as other drugs of the group of beta-lactam antibiotic drugs. Contraindications for taking the drug include lymphocytic leukemia and mononucleosis of an infectious nature. Do not prescribe medication to patients who suffer from vomiting. This is due to the likelihood of a violation of drug absorption. The composition of the drug "Ospamox" is sugar. In this regard, care must be taken when prescribing a medication for diabetes mellitus. Dose adjustment may be required for patients who had previously had hay fever and allergic diathesis, as well as for persons suffering from bronchial asthma.

Pregnant and lactating

As noted above, the drug has the ability to penetrate the hematoplacental barrier and concentrate in milk. During the research it was found that the active component of the drug "spamox" - amoxicillin - does not have teratogenic, embryotoxic and mutagenic effects on the fetus. Nevertheless, if necessary, appoint it, therapy during the prenatal period and during the feeding should be under the close supervision of the doctor. Dosages should be kept as small as possible.

Drug Interactions

Significantly reduce the effectiveness of the drug "Ospamox" drugs that have a bacteriostatic effect. These include, among others, macrolide medicines, "Chloramphenicol", tetracyclines. When combined, amoxicillin can increase the absorption of "Digoxin". In this regard, it is necessary to adjust the reception scheme of the latter. With the combined administration of the drug "Ospamox" and aminoglycosides, a synergistic effect is likely. With simultaneous use of amoxicillin and medicines "Oxyphenbutazone", "Phenylbutazone", "Probenecid", the plasma concentration of the former increases. A similar but less pronounced effect is noted when combined with acetylsalicylic acid, drugs "Sulfinperazone" and "Indometacin." Reduction of absorption of amoxicillin is noted with concurrent administration with antacids. When combined with the drug "Allopurinol" increases the risk of allergic reactions on the skin. In rare cases with simultaneous use with oral contraceptives, a decrease in the effect of the latter was observed. When receiving positive results of sensitivity, the drug "Ospamox" can be administered in combination with other antimicrobial agents, including aminoglycosides and cephalosporins.

Overdose

When taking the medicine at a higher dose, the patient may develop vomiting, nausea, disturbances in the water-salt balance, and upset of the stool. There is no specific antidote. When an overdose shows washing, the use of salt laxatives and enterosorbents. Along with this, measures should be taken to maintain the water-salt balance. If necessary, hemodialysis should be performed.

Finally

Medication "Ospamox" should appoint a specialist. In the process of treatment, the doctor's prescriptions must be strictly observed. If you notice any symptoms not described in the manual as side effects, you should notify the doctor immediately. Before taking the medication, you should read the summary.