Mycoplasmal infections: symptoms and treatment

Today, some people often have mycoplasma infections. As a rule, such a disease manifests itself in two clinical variants, namely bronchopneumonia and inflammation of the urogenital organs. The most common mycoplasmal infection occurs in adult patients. In this article, you can find out more information about this disease.

General information on the causative agent of infection

The causative agent of mycoplasma infections in humans are mycoplasmas. This is a large group of microorganisms. Their characteristic feature is the absence of a cell wall. Penetrating into the body, mycoplasma infection can cause autoimmune disorders. Mycoplasmas are one of the smallest parasites. Surprisingly, they are able to penetrate the human body through any protective barriers.

Mycoplasma infections and their pathogens do not survive in the environment. They die within half an hour at room temperature. The most optimal temperature regime for their residence is 0 degrees Celsius. It is for this reason that the exacerbation of the disease occurs in the cold season. Unlike viral infections, mycoplasmas are sensitive to antibacterial drugs.

Mycoplasma in the child's body

The causative agent of this disease is a microorganism that, by its structure and mode of existence, occupies an intermediate position between viruses and bacteria. Mycoplasma infection in children can manifest itself in the form of sinusitis, pharyngitis, bronchitis and pneumonia. The main symptoms include dry cough, fever, sore throat and dyspnea. In addition to respiratory organs, mycoplasma can affect the genitourinary system and joints.

Mycoplasma infection in children often turns into pneumonia. On the symptoms the disease resembles the flu. The incubation period with mycoplasmal infection varies from a few days to a month. Parents often confuse the symptoms of such a disease with the flu or ARVI and start independent treatment of the child. For objective reasons, it remains unsuccessful.

Mycoplasmal pneumonia develops in children due to exacerbation of bronchitis. Symptoms of such a disease include high fever, pain and discomfort in the throat, shortness of breath and weakness. A dry cough that accompanies mycoplasmal infections is often associated with purulent discharge.

Mycoplasmal pneumonia in children proceeds without exacerbations. Only in some cases there are complications, namely arthritis, meningitis and nephritis. Symptomatic mycoplasmal pneumonia is difficult to distinguish from chlamydial infection of the respiratory tract. The treatment of these two diseases almost completely coincides.
In children, mycoplasma infections can also cause sinusitis and pharyngitis. Upon examination, a specialist can diagnose severe breathing and dry wheezing. The duration of treatment varies from a few days to a month. Acute mycoplasmal infection occurs in children on the background of acute respiratory infections. Symptoms include chills, myalgia and elevated body temperature. After the appearance of dry cough, it gradually intensifies and moistens. Over time, a small amount of purulent sputum appears. In some cases, the child has symptoms such as vomiting, loose stools and nausea. When viewed from the patient, pale skin is observed. In order to confirm the diagnosis, the child is taken for analysis of blood from the vein.

On the background of acute respiratory viral infection, children often develop mycoplasma infection. Treatment directly depends on the form of the disease. First of all, you need to undergo diagnostics. This is not accidental, because the treatment of mycoplasmosis is significantly different from bronchitis. Children who have pulmonary mycoplasmosis are prescribed antibiotics - doxycycline (Vidokcin, Dovitsin, Daxal) and fluoroquinolones (Ciprofloxacin, Norfloxacin, Levofloxacin), antitussive and expectorant syrups (Lazolvan, Ambrobene "), as well as analgesics and antipyretics (" Paracetamol "," Ibuprofen "). Patients with this disease are isolated until full recovery.

Infection during pregnancy

The mycoplasma group includes more than ten subspecies. However, only four of them can cause serious diseases in the human body. Mycoplasma (ureaplasma) infection is most common in sexually active or pregnant women. Another factor for the development of the disease is the intake of hormonal contraceptives. This is due to the increase in estrogen in the woman's blood. The main way of transmission of the disease is sexual.

Mycoplasma infection in women does not have any specific symptoms. In some cases, patients complain of discomfort during urination or minor discharge. In the absence of proper treatment, inflammation can develop, which can seriously affect the reproductive function of women. As a consequence - infertility and spontaneous abortions. In addition, the patient may have cystitis and urethritis. The development of the disease during pregnancy can lead to premature birth, polyhydramnios and inflammation of the fetal walls. Mycoplasma infections adversely affect the development of the child. As a consequence, the eye, liver, kidneys, skin and nervous system of the fetus can be affected. Mycoplasma diseases can cause malformations of the child. They act on the genetic level. It is worth noting that violations during pregnancy are possible only if a woman develops mycoplasmal diseases.

In the presence of inflammatory processes in a pregnant woman against the background of the development of mycoplasma infections, it is necessary to undergo an urgent examination and begin treatment. It is also necessary to determine the level of sensitivity to antibiotics. Thanks to this, it is possible to select the most effective and safe treatment for the fetus.

In pregnant women who have had an active sex life, mycoplasma infection is often found. Treatment includes antibacterial drugs (see above), as well as those drugs that increase immunity ("Cycloferon", "Timogen"). As a rule, the sexual partner of the patient needs in the survey. Control tests can be submitted one month after the start of treatment. Sexual contact is excluded until complete recovery.

Respiratory infection

Mycoplasma respiratory infection is an acute disease of the upper respiratory tract. Often patients have pneumonia. The source of the disease is a person who is the carrier of the infection or is in an aggravation stage. The transfer of microorganisms is carried out through the air. Possible contamination through household items. It is worth noting that people with Down syndrome are most susceptible to the disease.

Mycoplasma respiratory infection is a fairly common disease. Most often it develops during the cold season. Infections are affected by people who are often in large groups. The development of the disease proceeds slowly enough. Often there is a combination of mycoplasmal and viral infection. Breathing mycoplasma infection requires complete isolation from healthy people. The incubation period can be from a week to a month, depending on the severity of the disease. Respiratory infection sometimes occurs under the guise of ARVI or pneumonia. In adult patients, the following symptoms are observed:

1. Slight chills.

2. Weakness.

3. A sharp headache.

Children with respiratory infections may experience dry cough, runny nose and sore throat.

To distinguish mycoplasmal respiratory diseases from ARVI and influenza on general symptoms is impossible. It is necessary to go through a number of studies. In case mycoplasma infection is confirmed, it is necessary to pass tests for the presence of HIV. This is not accidental, because such a disease often develops against the background of immunodeficiency.

The started stage of mycoplasma respiratory infection can lead to other diseases, such as pleurisy, myocarditis and encephalitis. To treat this disease use etiotropic therapy and antibiotics. The duration of the course of taking drugs directly depends on their effectiveness on the body of a patient. Drugs for the prevention of this disease does not exist.

Chlamydial infection. Pneumonia and conjunctivitis in newborns

Chlamydia-Mycoplasma infection is a common disease of the newborn period. It is distinguished by the absence of clinical symptoms. Chlamydia-mycoplasma infection can lead to the development of hypotrophy, jaundice and cardiopathy. Infection of the child occurs during childbirth. The risk of developing chlamydia-mycoplasma diseases directly depends on the method of delivery and the duration of the anhydrous regimen.

In some cases, the newborn can have other infections that have formed against the background of Chlamydia-Mycoplasma disease. In such cases, the condition of the child is diagnosed as severe.

Conjunctivitis is one of the most common diseases that occur against the background of complications of Chlamydia-Mycoplasma infection. The first signs can be observed immediately after birth, after three days or a few weeks. Clinical manifestations include the formation of mucous and purulent discharge from both eyes. Diagnosis of the disease can only specialist, having the results of the study. The complications of conjunctivitis can be attributed to a sharp decline in vision, which often does not respond to treatment.

Chlamydial-mycoplasma infection can cause the development of pneumonia in a newborn. The first signs of the disease appear after at least two weeks after childbirth. These include cough, respiratory failure, hypotrophy, intoxication and toxic cardiopathy.

Often, Chlamydia-Mycoplasma infection can provoke liver damage, namely fetal hepatitis. The disease becomes the cause of the development of tissue defects.

Infection of Chlamydia-Mycoplasma type. CNS damage in the newborn

Often an infection of Chlamydia-Mycoplasma type can cause disorders of the central nervous system in newborns. From the first days of life, these children have hypotrophy. This disease causes difficulties in diagnosing. This is not accidental, because the symptoms present often are taken for the consequences of hypoxia of the fetus. To establish the diagnosis it is necessary to conduct a study of the samples of cerebrospinal fluid.

Chlamydia-mycoplasma infection. Gastroenteropathy in newborns

Gastroenteropathy is the rarest form of chlamydial infection in a newborn. It occurs infrequently. It manifests itself in the form of intestinal syndrome and conjunctivitis. Such a disease can cause intestinal obstruction. If you suspect a gastroenteropathy a child needs a whole series of studies. First of all, it is necessary to take the blood of a newborn for analysis. In the future, it will be directed to PCR diagnostics. In the presence of infection in the mother, pregnancy is difficult. Often, the possibility of spontaneous abortion can be diagnosed.

Mycoplasmosis in men

Mycoplasma infection in men is less common than in women. The consequence of this disease is infertility. There are also cases when the infection affects the kidneys and causes inflammation in them.

The development of infection in men can cause urethritis. This disease is characterized by inflammation of the urethra. The first signs of urethritis are discharge from the genital canals and pain or burning sensation when urinating. It is worth noting that such a disease can occur not only in men, but also in women.

The cause of urethritis is a sexual infection. Often in the morning, the patient can observe a discharge of a green hue from the urethra. In men, the first signs of the disease are more noticeable than in women. If you notice the first signs of urethritis, you need to urgently consult a specialist. Often the patient has no symptoms. In this case, the disease can be diagnosed only if there are test results.

Mycoplasmal infection in cats

Not only in humans, but in cats, mycoplasma infection also occurs. Symptoms of such a disease should be known to every owner of the animal. You can see them in our article.

Mycoplasmosis is a disease that affects the entire body of an animal. Most often it occurs in females. Symptoms of mycoplasmal infection in cats include sneezing, coughing and discharge from the nose. The first signs are often confused with a common cold. It is for this reason, in the presence of the above symptoms, it is absolutely necessary to contact the veterinarian.

Treatment of mycoplasmal infection in cats is carried out for a long time. In order to get rid of the disease in a short time, you need to contact a specialist as soon as possible.

Summing up

Mycoplasma infection occurs not only in people of all age categories, but also in animals. In the absence of proper treatment, complications may develop in patients. As a rule, in the presence of infection, the patient is isolated from healthy people. The incubation period depends on the severity of the disease in a particular patient. In the presence of the first signs of the disease, it is necessary to urgently contact a specialist. Be healthy!