Large enterprises of Russia. Industrial Enterprises of Russia

Industry is an important component of the country's economic complex. Its leading role is determined by the fact that it delivers to all sectors of the economy new materials, tools. Among other industries, it is allocated by regional and complex-forming functions.

Briefly about the industry of Russia

To date, the number of enterprises in Russia is approaching the mark of 460 thousand, they provide jobs for almost 15 million people, the volume of their products exceeded the mark of 21 billion rubles. The industry of our country is characterized by a complex diversified and diversified structure reflecting changes in the improvement of the productive forces, in the development of the territorial division of labor. It is directly related to scientific and technological progress.

Classification

Modern industrial enterprises in Russia are characterized by a rather high level of specialization. As a result of the deepening of the division of labor, various branches, sub-sectors and types of production arose. By their totality they form an industry structure. In the current operating classification, eleven integrated industries are identified, such as electricity, fuel, ferrous and non-ferrous metallurgy, metalworking and machine building, petrochemical and chemical, pulp and paper, timber, woodworking, food and light industry. This division is determined by many economic and social factors, the main of which are: technical progress, level of development, social and historical conditions, natural resources, production skills of the local population.

Industry is divided into:

• Extractive . This includes industries related not only to the extraction of minerals, but also their enrichment. In addition, it includes fishing for sea animals, fish and seafood.
• Processing . These include Russian industrial enterprises engaged in processing the products of the extractive industry. In addition, it includes processing of forest and agricultural raw materials. This industry forms the basis of the entire heavy industry of the country.

The largest enterprises in Russia. Gazprom"

Consider the top seven in the ranking of the largest companies in our country. When compiling this list, their assets, revenues and profits were taken into account. Mostly, the list of giants hit the chemical enterprises of Russia, or rather, one of the branches of this branch - oil production. But first things first.

So, the indisputable leader is OAO Gazprom. This gas company of Russia was founded in 1989. She works in the gas and gas distribution industry. "Gazprom" takes the fifteenth place in the world in terms of its assets, and by revenue is on the 24th place in the ranking of world companies. The gas transmission system of the enterprise is 160 thousand kilometers and is the longest on our planet. 51 percent of the company's shares belong to the state. The market value of Gazprom exceeds 156 billion US dollars, its turnover is 150 billion dollars, and assets amount to more than 303 billion dollars. This enterprise provides jobs for more than four hundred thousand people.

OAO "Lukoil"

Considering the large enterprises of Russia, it is impossible not to mention this company. It takes the second place in our rating. This enterprise was established in 1991. The main activity of the Company is to explore, extract, process and sell oil and natural gas. Until 2007, it was the largest company in the extraction of black gold, in terms of revenue, it takes the second position after Gazprom. As of the beginning of 2011, Lukoil was considered the third company in the world rating of private enterprises for hydrocarbon reserves, and the world's first oil reserves for oil reserves. So, its market value is more than 55 billion dollars; Assets - 90.6 billion dollars; Turnover - 105 billion dollars; Annual revenues of $ 111.4 billion; Profit - 10.4 billion dollars. This enterprise provides jobs for more than one hundred and fifty thousand people.

OAO Rosneft

This company is also included in the list of Russian enterprises whose assets can compete with the world's giants. The company was established in 1993. Its main activity is reconnaissance operations, oil and gas production, as well as the production of petroleum products and petrochemical products. An interesting fact is that the company has bypassed Lukoil's competitor in terms of oil production since 2007, thanks to the purchase of YUKOS assets. The cost of this enterprise is about 80 billion dollars; Turnover - 63 billion dollars; Revenue - about 60 billion dollars; Assets - 106 billion dollars; Profit reaches 11.3 billion dollars. The company "Rosneft" provides jobs for about 170 thousand people.

OJSC "Sberbank of Russia"

This organization confirms that large state-owned enterprises of Russia work not only in extractive industries, the fourth place in our rating is held by a financial company. OJSC is a universal banking structure, as it provides a fairly wide range of services. So, according to 2009, its share in the Russian deposit market was more than 50 percent, and the loan portfolio was calculated by more than thirty percent of loans that were issued throughout the country. The market value of Sberbank is about 75 billion dollars; Share of assets - 282.4 billion dollars; Profit - 31.8 billion dollars. The company provides jobs for more than 240 thousand people.

OJSC TNK-BP Holding

This enterprise was organized relatively recently - in 2003. His specialization is oil production and processing. The basis for its creation was the parity of TNCs and British BP. The holding's market value is 51.6 billion dollars; Revenue - 60.2 billion dollars; The profit comes to 9 billion dollars. The enterprise provides jobs for more than 50 thousand people.

OJSC Surgutneftegas

Large enterprises of Russia replenished the next "oil pump", he took the sixth place in our rating. The company was founded in 1990 and is one of the largest oil and gas producing companies in the country. The enterprise is registered in the Khanty-Mansiysk Autonomous Okrug, in the city of Surgut, and its headquarters is located there. The estimated cost is about $ 40 billion; Assets - 46.6 billion dollars; Revenue - 20.3 billion dollars; Profit - 4.3 billion dollars. "Surgutneftegaz" provides jobs for more than 110 thousand people.

JSC VTB Bank

The next financial organization is finishing our list. The beginning of its activity is 1990, before that the enterprise was called "Vneshtorgbank". This commercial organization was able to bypass the size of the authorized capital of "Sberbank of Russia", and in terms of assets it took a strong second place. The head office of the company is located in Moscow, but the place of registration is the cultural capital of Russia - St. Petersburg. The market value of the company is estimated at 26.4 billion dollars; Own capital - 19.7 billion dollars; Assets - 139.3 billion dollars; Revenue - 12.6 billion dollars. The enterprise provides jobs for almost 70 thousand people.

As you can see, only oil and gas companies and financial organizations were included in the rating. However, the large enterprises of Russia are not limited to the extractive sphere, let them not have so much assets and such space profits, but they also have something to boast about. For example, some of them even got into the Guinness Book of Records. However, more on this later.

Production enterprises of Russia. «Izhora Plant»

This enterprise though can not compete with the leaders of our rating, however it is known and respected all over the world. This plant is one of the largest on the planet, capable of producing practical any details. And some of them are not produced anywhere else. The enterprise belongs to the heavy machine building sub-sector. It is located in Kolpino (St. Petersburg). The nomenclature of this plant includes powerful excavators, rolling and power equipment, sheet and long products and much more. The company in Kolpino is the only manufacturer of nuclear reactor housings in the Russian Federation.

"Uralvagonzavod"

Defense enterprises of Russia include more than 1200 plants of various profiles. Many of them are widely known, and the products they produce often have no analogues in the world. However, in this article, we view enterprises from the perspective of their size, in this connection, we should focus on "Uralvagonzavod." Due to its size, it was included in the Guinness Book of Records and is considered the largest enterprise on the planet, its area is 827 thousand square meters. It is located in the Sverdlovsk region, in the city of Nizhny Tagil. In fact, it is a research and production corporation that deals with both the development and production of new models of military equipment, road-building machines, railway cars. The corporation includes manufacturing enterprises, a design bureau and research institutes. The state owns all the shares of this enterprise.

Finally

In spite of the practically uninterrupted world economic crises, Russia continues to be an industrial world power. Most recently (on a historical scale), our country has dramatically changed its course of development, and today no one will reproach the Russians for lack of desire to work, build their future already in conditions of capitalistic realities. Let the skeptics say that the share of industrial production in Russia is inexorably decreasing and only extractive industries remain in demand, that virtually all raw materials are exported. Of course, there is some truth in these words, but it should be understood that, like in the wild, the strongest survive here. In recent years, the construction complex and industrial enterprises of Russia are rapidly developing in the direction of capital re-equipment and refurbishment of plants to work on new standards and technologies. Now the rate is made on economically justified production volumes with a minimum number of workers. This is achieved through high-tech equipment and an increase in the proportion of automation of the production process.

This trend has led to the fact that over the past decade the number of plants has grown significantly. As a result, for the convenience of orientation in this mass of companies, a directory has been developed, from which it is possible to find out how many enterprises in Russia, their contact details, what they produce and many other information that will be useful to entrepreneurs and ordinary people. This idea was realized within the framework of the project "All Industry of Russia".