Ivan Bezdomny: prototypes of the character from the novel "Master and Margarita"

"Master and Margarita" M. Bulgakov - the most mysterious work in Russian literature of the XX century. Each of the characters deserves close attention. It is possible to re-read the novel endlessly, finding in it something new every time. Of particular interest is Ivan Bezdomny. Critics put forward different versions as to who served as the prototype of this hero.

Untalented poet

Who is Ivan Homeless? In the first chapter, this character appears in the reader's eyes not in the best possible form. He is a member of MASSOLIT, he is on an ill-fated day meets at the Patriarchal Ponds with the chairman of the cherished organization - Berlioz. In a conversation with this man, Ivan discovers his boundless ignorance. And with the advent of Woland behaves very stupid, which leads him eventually to the clinic of Stravinsky with the diagnosis of "schizophrenia."

Another Ivan

Throughout the novel, Ivan Bezdomny gradually transformed. The main reason for the changes in his views is the meeting with the main character, which took place in the clinic for the mentally ill. Master and Ivan Bezdomny spend long hours talking about the cowardice of Pontius Pilate, the criminal execution of Yeshua Ha-Nozri, the love affair between the hero and Margarita. And most importantly, the mysterious neighbor tells Ivan about his misadventures connected with trying to publish a novel.

Enemies of the Master

Members of MASSOLIT - representatives of the literary elite - Ivan's new acquaintance does not really like. And for that he has grounds. Through their fault, the novel was not published. Because of them, he burned the work that he created for so long. And they are guilty of the fact that the Master is in a clinic for the mentally ill. After vain attempts to publish the novel, he had nothing left: no name, no name, no future. Ivan Bezdomny in the novel "Master and Margarita" is a typical representative of the elite literary world. And this world is hated not only by the hero of the novel, but also by the author himself.

Alexander Bezymensky

In the early twenties in one of the best Moscow theaters, the play "Days of the Turbins" was staged, which had a stunning success. But the author had many ill-wishers. One of them is Alexander Bezymensky, an active Komsomol activist and poet. Between him and Vladimir Mayakovsky once broke out a scandal, which was later satirically portrayed by Bulgakov in the novel "Master and Margarita". The homeless scolded Sashka Ryukhin and called him mediocrity. According to this version, the prototype of Ryukhin is Mayakovsky, Ivan Bezdomny - Bezymensky.

Stanton

At the Patriarchal ponds Woland predicted the poet madness. Between this fragment and Maturin's novel "Melmoth the Wanderer" one can draw a parallel. One of the characters in the work of an English writer meets with a man who sold the soul to the devil. He, like Woland, foreshadows his stay in a psychiatric hospital, while naming the exact time of this event. The hero of this name is Stanton, and he is one of the alleged prototypes of Ivan Bezdomny.

Student

A lot of the philosophical drama of Johann Goethe was borrowed by Bulgakov when creating the novel "Master and Margarita". Ivan Bezdomny, by the way, has features that indicate the student - a character in the work of a German poet. The main similarity is self-confidence. Goethe Student neglects the opinion of his teacher, Mephistopheles, for which he is severely afflicted. Ivan Bezdomnyi has imprudence to tell Woland about his non-existence. In addition, he is rude, rude and generally behaves in the most improper way. With the devil, this should not be treated. So as a punishment Ivan goes to the clinic, "to ask the professor what schizophrenia is."

Other versions

The prototype of Ivan Bezdomny, or one of them, is also considered by Ivan Pribludny. This poet was related to the environment of Sergei Yesenin. He was a famous person in literary Moscow circles, he had a reputation as a joker and merry fellow. His popularity was brought not by merits in literature, but friendship with the great poet and participation in the brawls that the celebrated "dope and brawler" arranged. In favor of this version, perhaps, they say only fights in the restaurant. Something similar was arranged by Homeless after the death of Berlioz in Griboyedov.

Prototypes of Bulgakov's hero are still considered by some representatives of literary Moscow of the twenties. The most common version says that the author of the cult novel created the image of an incompetent poet under the impression of Demian Bednyi.

The most implausible is that Sergey Yesenin himself is the prototype of Homeless. It is based only on the stay in the hospital Bulgakov's hero. The great Russian poet, as is known, visited such institutions more than once. However, this ends the similarity that Yesenin can have with Ivan Bezdomny. The characterization of this character indicates, first of all, the absence of a poetic gift. This man in literature was by accident. He writes to order and does it mediocre. In this Homeless recognizes and the Master during their nightly conversations. This image has nothing to do with the great Russian poet, who, in addition to his unique talent, also had an extremely painful self-esteem. By the way, some Bulgagologists consider Sergei Yesenin a prototype of the Master himself.

You can decipher Bulgakov's novel endlessly, than diligently and the researchers have been engaged for more than half a century. But the work of the writer is primarily a reflection of his life experience. Therefore, events or people known to him in life can not fail to appear completely or partially in the pages of his immortal work.