Innovative policy

One of the most pressing problems of today's Russian economy is the rise of industries with knowledge-intensive industries in order to increase competitiveness. This requires access to advanced technologies and their implementation. This is the state innovation policy.

Theoretically, one can follow two paths: either acquiring the know-how of already well-known technologies of companies with a world-wide name, or drawing on their own scientific potential. The second is more promising, but here on the way are barriers, organizational and managerial, financial.

Innovative policy of the state was carried out for many years only in the largest institutions through planning and budget financing, but there was no account of the laws and features of the innovative process.
In the small business, innovation business is particularly vulnerable. History shows the highest activity of innovations in this field from 1990 to 1995. But the created assets disintegrated, most of them did not exist even for a couple of years - the conditions were too unfavorable:

Excessively high taxes;
- difficulties in renting premises;
- Expensive energy and raw materials.

Innovative enterprises could not hope for state support. That is why we continue to observe a decline in activity in the two most important spheres that can lead Russia into the leaders in the world market: a decline in the sphere of production and a decline in the sphere of scientific and technical. And this proves once again: state innovation policy should change.
I want to believe that, despite the fact that today the Russian market "suffices" almost any product (and even not always licensed), we will see in the next decade a powerful development of innovation activity and in particular - at the level of enterprises, both large and Small. Innovative policies should be designed so that all enterprises, regardless of their size, have access to "fresh air": tax cuts, the possibility of introducing new, promising technologies. Having supported the enterprises today, giving them a foothold and firmly on their feet, the country will put in its treasury a greater percentage of profits than it could "squeeze out" of enterprises trying to stay afloat.
With a weak stimulus for innovation (and this is today the main feature of economic life), the country will simply not be able to develop. And the keys to the exit lie in the large inventions of innovations (basic), the transition to the technology of the last generations. So far, innovation policy is visible only in the armed forces. But the evidence of Russia's military power has little effect on the living standards of its population.
Innovative policies can be divided into three main sectors.
At the top, a fairly narrow sector of breakthrough technologies will be uniquely lying, based on domestic inventions. Here it is possible to ensure priority and create high competitiveness in narrow segments of the world market. With large-scale and skillful implementation of priorities, significant revenues can be achieved.
The next sector is wider. There is an opportunity to rely on both their licenses and foreign ones. Organization of development on an equal footing. This will allow not only to establish production, but also to supply its products to a serious, competitive market. And we can not, again, keep silent about the conversion of military industry and science. Coded development today can be used in production and bring tremendous revenue.

Another sector, the broadest one, where the country has no scientific reserve, where there is too little innovative potential (or none at all). It is advisable to use the foreign potential, taking into account the reduction of restrictions on the export of technologies (high). Cooperation can be very productive. No country is able today to master the whole spectrum of trends in modern science independently.
Selective innovation policy should rely on the development and implementation of programs that encompass the technology chain in full and simultaneously implemented in the following areas: providing innovators with all resources (including financing); The creation of engineering firms, marketing and consulting systems, commercial banks for investment, technology exchanges, the formation of market infrastructure, the creation of science cities, free economic zones and so on; Development of operating mechanisms for all entities related to the market of innovations, taking into account mutually beneficial cooperation.