Poet Vvedensky Alexander: Biography and Creativity

Vvedensky Alexander for a long time was known to a wide range of readers exclusively as a children's writer and poet. Only the chosen circle knew that he had more serious and profound work intended for a completely different audience than small children. Few people know that the poet and playwright Venedensky, who received wide popularity, did not pass a simple exam in Russian literature after graduation from the gymnasium. This fact, which happened in the youth of an outstanding poet, once again confirmed that not all children who can not cope with formal school assignments are stupid and hopeless. After all, it was during the school years that the poet's future manifested his literary talent and formed a strong desire for literature.

The poet's family

Vvedensky Alexander, whose birth year falls on 1904, was born in St. Petersburg. We can say that his parents belonged to the intellectual elite of Leningrad at the time. His mother, Evgenia Ivanovna Povolotskaya, was a successful and very famous obstetrician-gynecologist in the city. Vvedensky's father, Ivan Viktorovich, had a higher legal education and occupied a good position in the city. For many years, he served faithfully in the civil service and was awarded the rank of State Councilor for his achievements. After the coming of the power of the Soviets, he began to work as an economist, and his family miraculously escaped the Soviet repression, which she threatened in connection with a clear intellectual background and the lack of direct ties with the working class.

Alexander Vvedensky: biography

At first, parents decided to send their son to be educated in the Leningrad Cadet Corps, where the future writer and poet studied for a short time with his brother. But later, at the insistence of the mother, both her sons went on to study at the Gymnasium named after M.Sh. Lentovskoy. Alexander Ivanovich Vvedensky, whose photo can be seen in our article, graduated from this gymnasium in 1921. Then he decided to continue his studies at Petrograd University, choosing the law faculty. He did not study there for long, and realizing that his jurisprudence is not really very interested, Alexander Vvedensky, whose poems for children will become known in time to many, decided to transfer to the Oriental faculty, to be exact, his Chinese department. But he did not continue this study for a long time and soon left the university for good. For a short time Alexander Vvedensky was a clerk. Then he worked for two years at Krasny Oktyabr, a local power station.

The first formation of writer's views, futuristics

Vvedensky Alexander Ivanovich - a poet, whose poems became quite popular, began to write his first works while still a schoolboy. And it was in this student period that the young man had sympathy for the futurists, and he was also attracted to the work of the Symbolists. Especially Vvedensky Alexander in his youth was carried away by the legendary Blok. It is worth noting that Kruchenykh's verses had a huge influence on the development of his personality. There is a story about how, as a schoolboy, he was in a literary union. Together with him there were Alexeyev and Lipavsky. Once, three gymnasium students decided to get an evaluation of their early works from Blok himself. They collected their poems and sent them to Alexander Alexandrovich, but judging by the saved records from the archives of the great poet, he did not like the poems of the young schoolboys, he singled out Alekseev separately. In this case, most likely, the initiator of the idea to get a review from the Bloc was Vvedensky Alexander, because his address was listed as the reverse on the envelope. Despite such disappointment, love and craving for literature have not disappeared.

Acquaintance with Harms

Fatal and in many respects determining his further destiny for the poet became acquaintance with Harms. Vvedensky Alexander actively communicated in the poetic circles and tried to maximize his literary connections. He was friendly enough with Kuzmin and Klyuev, he often saw them. And during one of these meetings I met Daniil Kharms, who later became his almost best friend. Once Vvedensky was invited to listen to the work of young poets, and among the speakers Alexander singled out one, in his opinion, the most talented - they turned out to be Harms.

From this poetic evening they left together, and, having communicated a little, found much the same in their views.

Joint activity of two comrades

Vvedensky and Harms became truly sincere and devoted comrades. They shared the views of the left forces and conducted an active literary activity. Periodically, friends read their poems, speaking at literary evenings, held by the meeting "Extraordinary Friends' Meetings." They also joined the ranks of the Union of Poets of Leningrad. Wishing to unite writers with similar views, comrades decided to create their own organization.

History of Oberiu

In 1927, Vvedensky, together with Harms, acted as ideologists and founders of a kind of unification of "real art" that went down in history and textbooks under the legendary title OBERIU. This organization was part of the House of Press as one of its sections. The main interest in the literature they showed to meaningless phenomena. And also actively preached the direction of absurdity. Vvedensky, for the most part, was an active member of the Oberiu, and Daniil Kharms acted as an organizer. In addition to them, there were several young poets, among whom were N. Oleinikov and N. Zabolotsky.

The main activities of the literary association

Oberiu was engaged in quite a shocking activity at the time. They organized dramatized concerts and performances, during which poems of poets included in the Oberiu were read, and very often such performances were accompanied by very eccentric antics. Concerts could take place under different slogans and illustrated with inscriptions, for example, "We are not pies". For St. Petersburg in the 1930s, mired in a difficult post-revolutionary period, such inscriptions were too difficult to comprehend, and very soon a flurry of criticism fell on the activities of the Oberiu. They were called scandalous, completely incomprehensible and alien to the Komsomol audience.

"Subworking" as a children's writer

Active activity as the main ideologist and activist of the Oberiu, most likely, brought Vvedensky moral satisfaction, but could not provide it financially. Therefore, when the poet received a proposal from Sergey Marshak to write poems for children's magazines, he did not refuse. Since 1928 he has been actively writing children's poems, stories and almost all the time published in such magazines as "Chizh" and "Hedgehog." Such work helped him to make ends meet, and it was thanks to her that Vvedensky Alexander Ivanovich, a poet with distinct futuristic views, an adherent of symbolism and absurdity, became known and entered the official history as a children's writer.

Suspicion and arrest

The activities of the Oberiu have long been closely monitored by local authorities, who could not afford to manifest such freethinking in Petersburg. In the 1930s, almost all the Oberiutians fell under the repressions. They were accused of diverting Komsomol members from their main task - the construction of socialism. Vvedensky was no exception and was also arrested, in 1931.

According to the official version, Alexander Ivanovich received a denunciation that during one of the feasts he gave a toast to Nicholas II. Vvedensky was charged with the fifty-eighth article, accusing him of counterrevolutionary activity. But the poet's department was engaged in a special department of the GPU on "literary issues." After the investigation, Vvedensky was sent into exile.

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Initially, to serve his punishment, he was sent to the city of Kursk. In reference Alexander went with his first wife, T. Meyer, whom he had met while still a schoolboy, as they studied in the same institution. Staying in exile, he lived with Kharms for a long time, and then was sent to Vologda. Exempt from exile was in 1932, but there was a resolution that forbade Vvedensky to reside on the territory of 16 points of the USSR. For this reason, he spent three more years in Borisoglebsk.

Return to freedom

Completely freed, Alexander Vvedensky in 1934 returned to Leningrad. There he immediately accepted into the Writers' Union. In this year and the following year he writes his best poems, among which are "Four Descriptions" and "Invitation to Think About Me." To again not get under the sights of the authorities, Alexander Ivanovich writes a lot of pro-Soviet literature, as well as children's works and plays, including the popularity of "The Tree at the Ivanovs." A few years before the war, Vvedensky created a play for the legendary puppet theater Obraztsov. At the same time with his poems, he performs in public very rarely.

Alexander Ivanovich married for the second time, and his choice was Galina Viktorova. They became spouses in 1936, and soon the poet moved to his new wife in Kharkov, where she lived. A year after the marriage, in 1936, they had a common son - Peter.

Death of poet

Unfortunately, the exact date of death of this talented person is still unknown. There are several versions of his death, one of them says that in 1941, at the approach of the Germans to Kharkov, Alexander Vvedensky together with his family, like all residents of the city, was preparing for evacuation. The train, on which the poet's family was supposed to leave Kharkov, was overcrowded, and the next one did not come. After two days, Vvedensky was again accused of counter-revolution and presented him 54 articles. Together with other "unreliable comrades" and "enemies of the people" he was sent to Kazan.

According to the official version, the train cars were absolutely not designed to transport people. The train was very cold, and Vvedensky, ill with pleurisy of the lungs, died on the way.

His corpse was left in one of the Kazan morgues, which belonged to the psychiatric clinic of the Ministry of Internal Affairs. According to some reports, death itself occurred on the night of December 19, while in the rehabilitation document, which was issued much later, the date of death was indicated on December 20. Alas, the exact place of burial is unknown to him today. The poet and playwright Vvedensky Alexander died at a very young age. He was 37 years old.