Plumbing in the apartment, house: schemes, materials, installation. Plumbing work

Plumbing may be required for major repairs or in the event of a water pipe breakage. The given process can be carried out independently, without attraction of experts, the main thing - to have available the appropriate tool and to be able to handle it. The works are made according to a pre-made plan, divided into several main stages. It includes the location of the elements of communication, the scheme can be compiled independently, or found on the appropriate resources.

Plumbing: preparation for work

First of all, you need to make a list of necessary communications and plumbing devices. For example, for a washing machine and a toilet, connection to the sewage and cold water supply is required, and hot water is additionally supplied to the washbasin and shower (bath). Plumbing and heating require competent work, as non-observance of the rules can lead to very unpleasant consequences.

Also it is necessary to determine the number of overlapping valves, similar elements are necessarily installed on the approach to the washing machine, cold and hot water. If desired, they can be mounted on the water supply to the toilet, this is especially useful in the event of a tank failure, since for repair it is not necessary to block the general water supply system.

Plumbing: prices

If you completely replace all devices and pipes, it may take several days to complete. Many people are interested in the cost of this service, it depends on several factors:

• The complexity of the work and the time allotted for it;
• The number of installed devices, nodes and other basic elements;
• Type of plumbing.

For example, a shower complex with extensive functionality is more difficult to install than a standard cast iron bath. Also the cost increases with the use of additional services.

For plumbing works, the prices can vary among different specialists and firms. On average, the installation of the sink will cost 1,700 rubles, and the installation of a standard mixer - 800 rubles. When choosing a company it is worthwhile to focus not only on the prices of services provided, but also on the professionalism of employees, it will also be worthwhile to study reviews on specialized resources.

Location rules

After choosing the type of sanitary ware and its acquisition, you need to determine the location of all devices. At the same time it is advisable to bring into the room and put on the intended site at least a few elements to make sure of the convenience of their location. Further on the sheet of paper the scheme of plumbing distribution is made, thus it is necessary to consider some features and rules:

• Drainage canals can be made in the form of a "tee" without a vertical part;
• The main pipeline is placed above the floor surface, from it through the tees there are branches for water;
• The location of the plumbing should provide easy access to the hose connection points and the pipeline;
• Sewer and water pipes should be as close as possible to each other, so that they can be hidden behind a special box;
• The intersection of pipes is extremely undesirable, and plumbing should also be as simple as possible;
• Pipe routing should not be complicated, it is necessary to ensure the possibility of independent execution.

Materials

There are many different materials, they are selected depending on the complexity of installation and the type of installation.

Plumbing with polypropylene pipes is made using a special device called a soldering iron. You can rent it in a store that sells the relevant goods, or buy it. The first option is more rational if you need one-time use. The use of the tool does not cause complications, the main thing is to remember the strong heat and take care when working. Also it is worth reading the instructions. In some cases, an assistant may be required.

Installation of plumbing requires the use of PVC fittings to connect and rotate the pipes at the required angle. They are chosen in accordance with the size of the latter. At purchase it is necessary to take some spare elements, they can be demanded in case of an uneven soldering.

Features

When a soldering iron is used, the resulting connections become integral, and if there are any shortcomings to eliminate them, cut off part of the pipeline. Couplings are used to build up a pipe that is not long enough.

One of the stages of work is the connection of special fittings to the end releases, on the one hand a flexible hose is fed to them, and on the other, a pipe is fixed.

The plumbing in the new building is made in two main ways:

• Soldering pipes begins from the riser in the direction of plumbing devices.
• First the farthest from the riser is the plumbing element.

Hidden Mounting

If it is necessary to carry out independent work, the scheme should be simplified as much as possible. For example, the water pipe goes on the floor, and each tube is stretched by a pipe in wall structures in a perpendicular arrangement.

Propylene pipes are reliable, durable and easy to use, for their installation, as noted previously, a heating tool is needed, it will ensure the production of a sealed and high-quality connection.

The widest distribution was the installation of latent sanitary engineering, thanks to the convenience of carrying out repair work and preserving the appearance of the premises. To begin with, it is necessary to make stitches in the floor and walls, while making sure that the dimensions of the recesses and the materials used are in accordance. The next step is the installation of a valve and filter with a suitable level of cleaning. Do not forget about the water flow meter and the pressure sensor, the latter is of particular importance in the absence of a stable head and frequent excess of established norms.

Connecting elements

The collector is a cylinder, in which there are several outlets and one inlet, its main advantage is to simplify the connection to plumbing fixtures. After it is installed the necessary number of locking gates and adapters. It also ensures a uniform distribution of the liquid, which contributes to the same pressure at each point. The formed holes are hidden behind the plaster, on which the desired decorative coating is applied. Among the shortcomings is worth noting the cost of the system, since in addition to the collectors with shut-off valves, a large number of fittings and pipes are required.

The connections must be provided with free access, it is necessary for periodic replacement of seals and repair of the water supply. After the installation of pipes on the elements connected to the plumbing fixtures, fittings and flexible hoses, used as a connection to the consumers, are fixed.

Sewerage

The need for a soldering iron does not arise when working with sewer pipes, they need to be inserted into each other to assemble them. With the help of fittings, you can simplify the task, and if you identify shortcomings with ease, eliminate them by dismantling the system.

The plumbing of plumbing is not particularly difficult and is done taking into account several rules:

• The pipe joint must be made in such a way that elements with a smaller size are inserted into fittings or pipes having a larger diameter;
• The drain to the sewer from the toilet should be within 110 mm, while for the pipes coming from the washbasin, the washing machine and the shower this parameter is 50 mm;
• To the main riser pipe should go with a slight bias.

Recommendations

It is not advisable that the plumbing of the plumbing in a new building is complicated by various intersections, since they can lead to a "congestion" when using two devices at the same time, it is also recommended that the devices be connected in series.

In some cases, there are difficulties with cleaning the blockage through the drain hole, this task can be simplified even during the repair by installing an additional tee fitting on the sewer pipe. Through its upper opening, which is closed with a special stopper, you can quickly remove the blockage. It is worth remembering that if the design of plumbing involves a hidden type of installation, there should always be the possibility of access to the connections for inspection and repair.

At all joints of sewer pipes, rubber seals should be present, they will prevent leakage of effluents and the appearance of an unpleasant odor. When installing, it is important to connect all the elements as tightly as possible. The organization of a permanent slope is made with the help of special clamps, which fix the necessary sections of pipes on the walls. Among the main elements that must be installed, it is worth noting the stopcock and the coarse filter.