The Russian Navy. The Russian Navy

The day of the Russian fleet is celebrated on the last Sunday of July every year. A huge parade is held on this holiday and the honor is given to the dead and serving officers and soldiers.

The fleet was created on the basis of Soviet naval weapons. And they, in turn, were based on the development and operation of troops, the system of which has been preserved since the time of Peter the Great. The year of formation of water protection is 1696th, when the Duma approved a document on the permanent existence of regular troops.

Formation of the name of the Navy

Two variants of writing the decoding of the abbreviation of the Navy are used: all words with a capital letter and all (except the first) with a lowercase letter .

The first option, which looks like this: "Russian Navy", is most often used in official documents. Such a spelling is allowed by the web-resource "Gramota.ru". However, he also speaks about the correctness of the second. The only true option does not exist. On the Internet some people allow writing "Russian Navy".

The tasks assigned to the Navy

When forming the Russian fleet, many goals and tasks were set before him. Among them are the following:

• Mandatory participation in actions that take place at the international level and bear a political, economic and humanitarian meaning, if such are necessary in the interests of the state.
• The Russian Navy guarantees the presence of Russian ships in the World Ocean. Located there, demonstrates the flag of his state and state symbols. He meets ships and ships, who arrived with an official visit to the president.
• Provides and is the guarantor of the inviolability of the water area of the Russian Federation.
• The Northern Fleet of Russia, like other units, reports and prevents an attack on the territory of the state if the threat comes from the water area.
• Guarantees the use of military duties that extend beyond the state's land borders, in the event of an attack.

Navy of the Russian Federation

The structure of the fleet of the Russian Federation is quite simple. Military forces are divided into several categories. These are surface and underwater forces and aviation, which, in turn, also has its own units. Also there is such a kind of force as the coastal troops. The latter are divided into two categories.

The Russian Navy has dozens of ships and ships in its arsenal, as well as special rear defense systems. In 1777 the Hydrographic Service was established, functioning to the present day. Its task is to provide the army with navigational aids, which are needed to study the water part belonging to the Federation.

The surface forces of any strategic association of the Russian Navy (we are talking about units such as the Northern Fleet of Russia) are responsible for protecting sea structures, transporting and hiding paratroopers and their units. They act as a guarantor of protection against mine installations in the water area, provide entry and exit of ships and ships, and control underwater structures.

History of the Russian Navy

Kievan Rus (the same Ancient Russian state) had a structure similar to the navy already in the IX century. However, at that time the fleet was not in service with the country permanently, but was going only to carry out attacks on neighboring territories. The Novgorod land, which had access to two seas, periodically supported the development of such an important unit as the Russian fleet. The ships were built directly at local assembly plants and used in various military discussions.

After Muscovy began to strengthen its positions, the need arose in the strengthening of naval forces. In order to protect the territory near the Baltic Sea, Ivan the Terrible in the days of his reign gave the order to create a flotilla. It did not last long - just a year. Also known information is that in the XVI century the Cossack regiments fought for an outlet to the Black Sea. Then the Russian army and navy played a huge role in the fight against the Turkish invaders.

After the discovery of some bays and seas in the 17th century, a need arose for the formation of a pilotage service. Its main forces were localized in the Bering Strait. "Frederic" - this name was given to the ship of the naval forces of Russia, which sank in the year of creation.

The fleet of Russia was actively used in the battles with Sweden. However, until 1688, naval weapons were not permanent. This was connected with the financial sphere, both economically and politically. The establishment of regular troops historians have long been associated with the name of the famous Tsar Peter the Great. He inherited from his father went to the boat, which he loved and constantly developed. After a while he swam long distances on it. And the so-called "amusing" fleet of Russia Peter I became the progenitor of the modern naval forces of the great Federation.

The winters of 1965-1966 can be characterized by a huge breakthrough in the armaments of Rus. The mass production of ships and ships was established. The first Azov campaign was not crowned with success, which can not be said for the second one. In the next raid the Russian fleet was able to completely cut off Azov from the seas, due to which the garrison recognized defeat. And it was this event that marked the beginning of the creation of permanent naval armament, which was officially registered in 1969.

The Russian Navy today

For a long time the Russian fleet remained one of the most powerful in the world. In 1985, the total number of ships was almost 1600 thousand, and in its structure and weapons the state occupied the second place, second only to the United States. By 2010, the ships of the Russian fleet have fallen dramatically in quantity - only 150 pieces were in service (the difference is immediately apparent). However, the authorities repeatedly spoke of the prevailing power over many states, while they insisted that the quantitative aspect had no significance.

Admiral Kasatonov, who was once the commander of one of the units of the fleet of the Russian Federation, said that the tasks of the naval military were reduced to a minimum. It was announced that at the moment the main purpose of the fleet is to repel an enemy attack and preserve territorial borders (of course, we are talking about zones that are adjacent to the water area and the coast).

For a long time, the Pacific Fleet of Russia, like some other parts, did not enter the World Ocean. Again, the ships "stepped" on this territory only by the beginning of the 21st century. December 1, 2014 - the date when the NCMC of the Russian Federation became again under the control of the naval forces.

Development plans

In connection with the creation of a state plan for the rearmament of the naval forces, up to 2020, it is planned to order about 10 submarine vessels, which will subsequently carry out important strategic and secret assignments. And the same number is planned to import submarines for more common tasks and targets.

Quite recently the development of a torpedo boat on paper has ended, which in the near future will be able to enter mass production and enter the arsenal of the fleet of the Russian Federation. The data of the destroyers will be able to reflect space strikes and missiles, thereby creating additional protection and time to prepare a retaliatory strike or a peaceful solution to the conflict. And to protect the Barents Sea ships are supplied, designed specifically for such climatic zones.

Modernization of the Navy

Until 2020, a large-scale modernization of the Russian fleet is planned. At a minimum, it is planned to install a nuclear shell on some vessels. This will gain additional influence in a world that is so much weakened by recent events and constant sanctions. For the most part of the weapon systems of salvo fire will be dismantled, they will be replaced by more modern installations. And the fleet will receive more than 20 newest fighters.

Infantry

Recently, it was decided to re-equip the navy and equip it with new weapons. This program was planned for 2011 and will continue until 2020.

Each time, the authorities report in the work done, reporting on how much money was spent. For example, in the spring season of 2012, infantry soldiers received new technically equipped bulletproof vests. The plans also include the appearance of a caterpillar, which will be equipped specially for the Russian fleet. It was announced the purchase and production of equipment, which will allow this unit to operate at any time of the day, regardless of climatic conditions and the location of soldiers.

Aviation

In service with the Russian fleet are aircraft, helicopters, aircraft carriers and drones. Every year they improve, which allows in any case to repulse an enemy attack or send soldiers to explore for the desired territory. Already, they are working on a project that implements mass use of unmanned systems under water. This will greatly improve the maritime power of the state.

The Russian Northern Fleet increases the number of helicopters that are ready for use directly from the ship. Universal copies of aircraft carriers were developed long ago, and only recently began their production.