Hyperplasia of the prostate

Hyperplasia of the prostate gland is nothing else than a benign degeneration of the periurethral glands, leading to tissue overgrowth. The first signs of the disease appear most often in middle age. After fifty years, it can be found in half of the male population. It is believed that the proliferation of periurethral glands arises from a decrease in hormone metabolism. Enlarged periurethral glands prevent the outflow of urine, compression of the bladder. As a result, the muscular layer of the bladder thickens (hypertrophied), it appears protrusions (diverticula). Residual urine, stagnating in the bladder, promotes the appearance of stones, throwing urine into the renal pelvis. These processes lead to the occurrence of cystitis, ascending pyelonephritis, hydronephrosis.

Hyperplasia of the prostate combines a number of manifestations that are combined into symptoms of the lower urinary tract. They were divided into the following groups.

The first - includes the symptoms of accumulation, manifested in frequent urination (pollakiuria). Visiting the toilet is not associated with the time of day, frequent urge to urinate occur both during the day and at night (nocturia). Urgent urination also includes this. In this case, there may be soreness in the lower abdomen.

The second group is symptoms of emptying. In this case, the outflow of urine is disturbed and complicated, the jet is unstable, with a long period of time from the moment of urge to the beginning of urination.

The third group is the symptoms that arise after the bladder has been emptied. There is a feeling of incomplete emptying of the bladder and undermining of urine (dribbling).

Benign prostatic hyperplasia, includes the following stages of the disease:

• Stage 1 - preclinical manifestations. Hyperplasia of the prostate is provoked by hypothermia, infectious agents. A man complains of pains in the lower abdomen, which can be given to the perineum. Minor disorders of urination are possible.

• Stage 2 - stage of frequent daytime, and then nocturnal urination. Characteristic is the imperative urination. Soreness, as a rule, is not observed. After a short time these phenomena disappear. The provoking factor is infection, a sedentary lifestyle. A jet of urine without pressure, at night is characteristic of pollakiuria. The patient becomes irritable, unbalanced.

• Stage 3 is the stage of chronic incomplete urinary retention. The residual amount of urine increases. The walls of the bladder overstretch, thin out, protrusions may appear. This stage is characterized by the reverse entry of urine into the renal pelvis, an ascending infection may occur. The patient does not notice the accumulated amount of urine. This is due to a decrease in receptor sensitivity in the wall of the bladder. Sphincters pass the urine drop by drop.

• Stage 4 - the period of the appearance of paradoxical ishuria. This is the stage of the disease, when the detailed picture of the disease develops, inflammatory damage of the kidneys of an ascending nature and signs of kidney failure appear. The patient is asthenic, notes weight loss, poor appetite, itching and dry skin, lack of appetite. Hyperplasia of the prostate gland is characterized by periods of exacerbation of clinical manifestations and remission. The disease can become worse as a result of hypothermia, stress, overload.

With the diagnosis of "prostatic hyperplasia", treatment of this disease depends on the stage of the disease and the presence of complications. Therapy includes medication and surgical methods. The patient should observe hygiene and proper nutrition, with the exception of aggressive and acute products. Before going to bed, you need to limit fluid intake. From drugs in the initial stage of hormonal therapy (androgens), adrenoblockers. At the expressed disturbances of an emiction surgical intervention - an adenomectomy is shown.