How to build a greenhouse for winter growing vegetables with your own hands: device, technology, heating and feedback

Practically every gardener, even a layman, has a greenhouse on the plot. Here he can grow seedlings or full-fledged vegetable crops. However, in the cold season this building is useless. Therefore, many business executives, especially those who grow products for sale, are thinking about how to build a greenhouse for winter growing.

Stages of structure construction

The presented structure can be built with his own hands, while the work is not difficult. Before building a greenhouse for winter growing, you should understand the sequence of works:

1. Designing. At this stage, you must determine the location of the structure on the site, the features of the organization of lighting and heating the room, as well as the size of the structure, the shape of the roof. In addition, here you also need to draw the placement of beds within the greenhouse.

2. Selection of the necessary materials.

3. Laying the foundation. Before building a greenhouse for winter growing, you need to build a strong and stable foundation. The fact is that this design is permanent and will be subjected to multiple effects of negative external factors.

4. Arrangement of heating.

5. Construction of the frame.

6. Construction of the roof, cladding of the structure.

7. Lighting and watering equipment.

8. Delivery of soil.

How to choose the right location on the site?

Before you build a greenhouse for winter growing, you need to find a suitable place for it. It is best to build a structure on a small hillock. Here the snow melts most quickly, the air warms up faster. Perhaps in this case you do not have to pour additional soil on the beds.

Note that the long sides of the greenhouse should be oriented from west to east. This arrangement makes it possible to provide optimal lighting for the structure.

What materials will be needed for the work?

Before you build a greenhouse for winter growing cucumbers or other vegetables, you need to understand what kind of material you will be covering the main structure. So, for the construction of the frame can come up:

• Wooden beams. They are strong enough, easy to process. However, they are not very resistant to the effects of temperature changes and evaporation. The bars require additional processing with antiseptic and fire-fighting substances. The durability of this design depends on the quality of the tree and care for it.

• Metal profiles or corners. This material is durable and durable. However, it will also have to be protected from corrosion.

• Pipes. They are considered the most popular material for framing the frame.

Before you build a greenhouse for winter growing cucumbers, it is also advisable to understand the ways in which you will produce the skin of the cage:

• Polyethylene film. This is the cheapest material, but it is not very strong. Under the influence of sunlight, wind and precipitation, it quickly loses its properties. In addition, the film does not provide the necessary thermal insulation properties. If you still decide to use polyethylene, then you have to buy a double material, the service life of which is not less than 8 years.

• Glass. It provides good illumination of plants, protects them from the vagaries of nature. In order to ensure maximum efficiency of this material, it is necessary to produce double glazing, and this will significantly increase the weight of the structure. In addition, it is necessary to buy a very durable and high-quality glass, and it can not be cheap.

• Cellular polycarbonate. This product is the most in demand at the moment, as it has a lot of advantages.

Advantages of cellular polycarbonate

The winter greenhouse with your own hands (you can design the projects yourself or find them in the finished form) is being built quite quickly. For carcass plating, cellular polycarbonate has been increasingly used in recent years. It has such advantages:

1. Good appearance.

2. High impact strength.

3. Ease of installation and maintenance.

4. Light weight.

5. Good ability to transmit and scatter light.

6. Excellent sound and heat insulation qualities.

7. Simplicity of processing (even in a cold form it is well cut and bent)

8. Resistance to the influence of negative external factors, UV rays.

9. Ability to withstand heavy loads.

10. Wide range of allowed temperatures: from -55 to +120 degrees.

11. Relatively low cost.

Varieties of the product

Design and installation of a winter greenhouse can be done with your own hands. Before this you need to decide what type of construction you want to build:

• Deepened. In this case, you have to dig a deep enough pit.

• High.

• Wall (it allows to save space on the site).

• With foil walls. This option allows the maximum retention of heat inside the greenhouse.

The choice of design depends on the characteristics of your site, as well as personal preferences.

Features of foundation construction

If you want to grow seedlings the whole year round, you can build winter greenhouses with your own hands. How to build a winter greenhouse you will learn further. The first stage of the construction is the foundation casting. It can be beams, brick, stone and tape. The latter option is most often used. To build such a foundation, you need to perform such actions:

1. First, you need to make a markup of the site and dig a trench. Its width is 30 cm, and the depth is 70-80 cm.

2. At the bottom of the bed is a sandy half-thickness of 20 cm. It should be very well pinched.

3. Next, the roofing material is laid, which will provide waterproofing of the foundation.

4. Formwork collection. Naturally, the foundation must be reinforced with reinforcement. To do this, put 2 rows of rods along the trench and join them with cross bars.

After the solution has hardened, the foundation can be warmed. To do this, you can apply polystyrene foam. Next, you should start building the frame. As you can see, the winter greenhouse with your own hands (a review of the best technologies will help you choose the right project) is done without any problems. You just need to stock up on the necessary tools and materials.

Skeleton construction procedure

If you want to harvest several times a year, you can design winter greenhouses with your own hands. How to build a winter greenhouse made of metal and polycarbonate, you will learn further.

Most often for the arrangement of the frame, corners, special profiles or pipes are used. Naturally, you can apply and wooden bars, but they are not so durable. In order to build a metal structure, it is necessary to perform the following actions:

• Assemble the bottom of the structure directly on the foundation. It can have a square or rectangular shape depending on the project. The foundation can be fixed to the foundation with long bolts or anchors.

• Installation of vertical racks. They can also be screwed, however, it is better to use the welding machine (if you use corners or pipes). Racks are mounted in each corner of the base.

• Build a copy of the lower structure. This is done on the ground. Then the product is attached to vertical racks.

• Arrangement of roof racks.

A wooden frame is made in the same way. Self-tapping is used to fix the racks in this case.

Structure Sheathing

Before you build a winter greenhouse with your own hands, you must definitely decide on the material of the skin. Now the best is cellular polycarbonate. It is not difficult to attach it.

First you need to measure the necessary length of the sheets. Next, attach the fragment with one side to the posts and align it. This requires the use of a building level. Then, at one of the corners, screw in the screw. Now another alignment is performed, after which the sheet is fixed permanently.

After the skin is finished, all joints should be sealed from the inside of the room. This will prevent the access of cold air inside the structure.

Choice of heating

In the cold season, a heated greenhouse is needed . How to make a winter greenhouse with heating you will now find out. So, there are several options for heating:

1. Biological. It works by releasing heat during decay of plant waste. That is, this method allows you to make the beds warm from the inside. To equip such heating in the designated places, dig out trenches, the depth and width of which is half a meter. At its bottom lay tree branches, bark, broken slate and other debris, which is characterized by slow decay. Next, fill a small layer of earth and organic matter. After this, a small layer of fertile soil is laid.

2. Laying pipes and radiators, which will be connected to a common heating system. There is already need to try not to worsen the efficiency of the common house design.

3. Furnace heating. In this case, you will have to install an ordinary burner, which can be heated with firewood. Naturally, the smoke should be output outside. This method is not the most optimal, as it will have to constantly throw up fuel. Although boilers of long burning can solve this problem.

4. Infrared films. They can be perfectly applied not only inside the house, but also in greenhouses.

Lighting and watering

Since in winter plants need additional lighting for normal growth, it is better to use ordinary fluorescent lamps for its arrangement. They are economical and provide the necessary amount of light.

If you want to provide individual lighting for each group of plants, then use sodium lamps. They give photosynthetic irradiation, that is, they act in the same way as the sun's rays. On cloudy or short days, the use of artificial lighting is mandatory.

As for watering, you can install an automatic system, which is sold in a construction shop. Mount it is needed even at the stage of designing the layout of the beds and the construction of the frame.

Helpful Tips

The winter greenhouse with your own hands (the device and heating of the structure you have already considered) should be done wisely. To make it as effective as possible, use these tips:

• Before entering the greenhouse, arrange a small heated vestibule so that cold air can not break into the main room.

• Ventilation windows must be provided in the structure. Their total size should be at least 1/4 of the total roof area.

• It is better to make a roof in the form of an arch.

That's all. Good luck!