How is the mating of pigs?

Breeding of farm animals can bring sufficient profit, only if all the rules and norms of their maintenance and breeding are observed. As for the reproduction of the livestock, quality offspring produce only specially selected for this purpose females. This article will help in this issue.

Classification of individuals

In the classical livestock of pigs, adults and piglets are distinguished on several grounds. So the piglets are divided into suckers and weaners. The first are nourished naturally by a sow, and the latter are already fed on their own.

Adult individuals are divided into:

• Boars;
• Sows;
• Fattening individuals;
• Repair pigs.

Feeding individuals are raised for meat, and repair ones are used to replace the acting reproducing progeny. Boars usually contain one, but there may be several sows. Pig swine is carried out only between sexually mature individuals. Boars for this can be used longer than sows, whose breeding qualities deteriorate markedly after five years of bearing and feeding piglets.

Choosing a boar

In order for swine mating to be as productive as possible, it is necessary to approach the selection of individuals very carefully. As for boars, the main indicator of their breeding qualities is the male's sexual activity and the quality of his sperm. The latter, as a rule, is determined by the usual ratio of fertilized females to the number of covered.

Choosing a sow

To choose a mother for future offspring should be approached more seriously. The main qualitative indicator of the sow is its fertility. But to check this from the first try will not work.

It is expressed in:

• Number of live pigs in the litter;
• Average weight of piglets;
• The amount of milk fed;
• The number of surviving pigs by the 30th day of life.

Indirect indicators of fertility include the time interval between farrowing and the next sexual hunt. The faster the time for pigs to swill after farrowing, the sow is considered more fertile.

The choice of the best specimen for rearing the offspring is also influenced by:

• Number of idle matings;
• Number of nipples;
• Quality of the nipples.

Since it has already been proved that the fertility of pigs is influenced more by growth conditions, rather than by heredity, then the potential sows are selected from the age of two months. At this point, a good pig should weigh at least 18 kg and from the age of four months put on weight a half a kilogram daily.

The number of pig's nipples directly affects its ability to feed healthy offspring, so the optimal number is 14, This is due to the fact that often the number is asked in the litter is 12-16 individuals, and this number of nipples is enough for them to feed and receive from the mother necessary in the future immunity.

Achievement of sexual maturity

Under favorable conditions of maintenance, the age of swine mating is reached by the time. For boars, this moment ranges from 5 to 8 months with a weight of 80-120 kg. Pigs that feed little or no food reach puberty much later. The sow for rearing the offspring should have a wide back, weight within 120 kg and age of 10 months. It is important to know that puberty and hunting occur in females much earlier, but they should not occur until the age of 10 months, since this will negatively affect the offspring. Postponement of the first mating will also affect negatively, so do not delay it. The main thing is for a pig to independently grow pigs, it is necessary to choose quiet individuals for this.

It is also important to understand that the first swine harvest is not capable of revealing their entire reproductive potential, so it is not worth taking conclusions on fertility from the first litter.

Time of animal slaughter

The slang of Vietnamese pigs does not differ from other breeds. To obtain quality offspring, a mature couple of individuals with decent fertility should be purchased. If desired, you can independently grow a good female and when it reaches ten months of age to find a prolific boar in other farms or inseminate the pig artificially. In any case, it is important to correctly determine the moment of sexual hunting in the female, because in other periods it can cripple the boar when it meets.

To accurately determine the onset of hunting, one must observe the behavior of the pig daily, which at a certain moment will change. Usually the female becomes more active, its loop swells and releases mucus. If the behavior of the pig does not change, it is possible to determine its readiness for reproduction by pressing both hands on the croup. At this point, the pig must be frozen.

Preparation for mating

This process consists in digging the so-called pig's nest, but if the boar is experienced, then it's enough just to leave the couple for a day together, and nature will do everything necessary.

Pig swine also depends on the appropriate size of the pair. If the boar is too large, then the female simply can not stand it, and if it is too small, it will not work.

Prokholost

If the female does not express a desire for mating for a long period of time, the following factors should be noted. First of all, this is the physical condition of the sow itself. Unwillingness to mate may be due to age, hormone deficiency, genetic predisposition or health problems. Important factors are also the conditions of food and nutrition of the individual. Pig swine occurs with a noticeable increase in the mortality of pigs with an increase in air temperature of more than 28 degrees, that is, in the summer. That is why the fertility of females in the hot season sometimes falls.

Also, the reasons can be determined by the time of the onset of the next hunt after the mating. If the pig begins to express a desire for mating within three weeks, then fertilization has not occurred, and the causes of the prokholost are insufficient indicators of the fertility of the boar or sow. In the case of hunting at that time, as would be the case of the swine after farrowing, most likely, the prokholosta resulted in the death of embryos. This may be due to various infectious diseases or hormonal disorders. Also, the fertility of the offspring and its conception is affected by moderate fatness. The sow should not be depleted or overfed. It is also important to withstand a sufficient period after a difficult birth and provide the pigs with enough room in the pigsty. It is best to allocate a separate place for the feeding pig and piglets.

Determining the result

In the case of mating pigs, the result can be determined by the following characteristics. First of all, this is the sluggish behavior of the female, which lies more and eats. A few days after the favorable mating, the pigs have curdled discharge from the loop. Some people advise using a usual pharmacy pregnancy test to accurately determine the result, but ultrasound alone can determine as accurately as possible.

Feeding piglets

The favorable mating of the pigs is still not a complete success, as for other breeds. Newborn piglets still need to be fed, and some sows produce insufficient amounts of milk to feed the young. Insufficient lactation of the sow directly depends on the quality of its nutrition. The food should be full and nutritious, and the drinking water for the feeding pig is clean. It is advisable to change the water every 3-4 hours.

It is important to ensure that the sow is not just clean water, it should be freely available in sufficient quantities. Usually, for full lactation, the female needs to consume 2-3 buckets of clean water per day. If all this is normal, then it is advisable to seek help from a veterinarian who will inspect the sow. This is necessary to avoid possible problems with inflammation of the mammary glands - mastitis, metritis and so on.

There are times when a female simply does not allow piglets to feed herself, which is also an occasion to contact the veterinarian and inspect the piglets. Sometimes they are born with uneven teeth and can bite the nipples during feeding, which severely injures the sow.

In any case, further rearing of the offspring falls on the shoulders of the breeder. Use for this you can baby milk formula or cow's milk. If possible, the piglets should be poured to another nursing sow, because there is nothing better than natural feeding.