Grenade F1: characteristics, radius of damage

Along with the evolution of evolution, there has been a constant improvement not only in tools, but also in weapons. To replace the banal stick and stone, thanks to which our ancestors had the opportunity to attack and defend themselves, now came the submachine gun and grenade F1. Characteristics of modern weapons, of course, an order of magnitude higher. Take, for example, a grenade. By definition, this is one of the types of explosive munitions that is designed to disable the technology of the opposing side or the destruction of manpower.

History of application

During the Great Patriotic War, hand grenades had extensive use. Such explosive ammunition could be divided into fragmentary, lighting, smoke, anti-tank and incendiary. It should be added that during the war years tens of thousands of factories and various productions were converted to create such grenades, apart from the fact that a large number of such munitions were exclusively "handicraft production", which were manufactured in combat conditions by partisans.

Classification

All explosive munitions, and grenade F1 are not an exception, are divided according to the principle of the detonator and the mechanism:

• Electric.
• Mechanical (tension, breaking, unloading and pressure).
• Chemical.
• Combined.

The electric method of detonation of a charge is carried out thanks to a current source, thus explosion is spent directly at closing of contact. This can be done manually in the demoman himself, or a camouflaged charge, for example on a television, is activated at the time when the victim inserts the plug into the socket.

The mechanical method speaks for itself, while only human strength or physical action is required. At the moment this is the most common method, along with the electric one.

The chemical principle is based on the action of a certain substance or, more often, an acid.

Classification of ammunition for their intended use

All explosive devices can be divided according to the method of their impact on the target. At the moment, due to some modifications and improvements, the combat grenade F1 can be used for any of them. A significant role in this played partisans and modern fighting in the territories of the CIS and the Middle East.

• Bookmark: This method is due to the preliminary installation of an explosive device. With regard to grenades, the most popular is the "stretch", which is based on the physical detonation of the victim. In this case, it can be either camouflaged or obvious.
• The so-called "postal item", which can be disguised as an ordinary ammunition box and detonates during its opening.

Varieties of pomegranate

• Manual - performed with a throw by hand.
• Anti-personnel - for the destruction of manpower.
• Fragmentation - defeat occurs as a result of fragments from a grenade.
• Defensive - the fragmentation of the fragments exceeds the possible range of the throw, because of which there is a need for an attack from the shelter.
• Remote action - detonation occurs some time after the execution of the throw. Training grenade F1 includes 3.2 and 4.2 seconds. Other explosive devices may have different detonation times.

Grenade F1: characteristics, radius of damage

Of all the variety of defensive weapons I want to highlight the following. One of the best anti-personnel, hand-held explosive devices is considered to be the grenade F1. Characteristics and design proved to be so good that it managed to survive without any improvement a large amount of time. The only thing that has undergone modification is the fuse system and its design.

This type of explosive device is designed to keep defensive positions and hit mainly the enemy's living force. This is due to a sufficiently large radius of expansion of its fragments. For the same reason, it is necessary to throw it out of cover (tank, armored car, etc.) in order to avoid self-harm.

Garnet F1 technical characteristics has the following:

• The number of fragments after the explosion reaches 300 pieces.
• Weight - 600 g.
• Type of explosive - TNT.
• The range of the throw is on the average 37 m.
• The safety distance is 200 m.
• The radius of damage by the fragments is 5 m.

History of the creation of F1

Everything began in the distant 1922, when the department of the Workers 'and Peasants' Red Army decided to conduct an audit at artillery depots. According to reports of that time, they had 17 types of various grenades. In this case, among the numerous choice of types of fragmentation-defensive character of the explosive devices of its own production at that time was not. It is because of this that the grenades of the Mills systems were armed, as an exception was allowed and the use of the French version of the F-1 explosive device. And based on the fact that the French fuse was extremely unreliable, a large number were not activated, and even more than that, they exploded right in their hands. The same committee, as of 1925, produced a report stating that the need for such explosive devices of the army was only satisfied by 0.5%. In the same year, Artcom decided to carry out tests of all the samples that were available at that time. On the basis of this, a garnet of the 1914 sample was chosen, which was to be modified for the improved analog of the Mills fragmentation system.

Thus, the Swiss fuses were replaced by domestic ones - Koveshnikov, and already in 1925, in September, the first tests were carried out, on which the main criterion was a fragmentation defeat. Conclusions of the committee were satisfied by the committee. So the grenade F1 appeared, the technical characteristics of which exceeded the French analog and satisfied the needs of the Red Army.

Instructions for use

In order for the grenade F1 to be ready for action, it is necessary to find the antennae, which are located on the security check, and unbend them. The explosive device is taken in the right hand, the fingers should firmly and confidently press the lever directly to the body itself. Before making a throw, the index finger of the second hand needs to pull out the ring of the check. After that, you can keep the grenade for a long time, until the lever is released and the impact kick does not activate the fuse. In the event that the need for the action of the grenade is eliminated, the check can be inserted back, and after the antennae has been returned to its original position, it can be safely stored.

After examining the model F1 grenade, you can fully familiarize yourself with its structure, and thanks to the weight that is identical to the combat version, you can test it for the throwing range. In the case of combat operations or conditions close to them, it is necessary first of all to determine the purpose and choose the right moment for the execution of the throw. After the pomegranate is already on its way to its goal, the lever will pressurize the drummer, which, in turn, presses on the capsule, which causes an explosion after a certain period of time.

Among the damaging factors, not only the high-explosive effect, but also the fragments, which are formed as a result of the rupture of the shell of the grenade, can be noted. This is due to the frequent use of F1 in the installation of "stretch marks". So, if during an explosion a person can survive with a high-impact wave, then the fragments will not leave anybody in a radius of 5 meters.

In addition, it is worth noting a rather tricky and effective combination that consists of 2 grenades, thanks to which the anti-sap effect is created. So, in the case of its detection by an inexperienced sapper who cuts the tension cable afterwards, the two fuses simultaneously detonate. There are improvements that allow instant action of grenades with the installation of a mine detonator of instantaneous activation.

For security

In order to avoid any annoying situations, you need to be very careful about precautions. Before you make a pomegranate, you need to inspect them and pay attention to the fuse. On the body should not be found deep rust and strong dents. The fuse and its tube should not have any signs of corrosion, the check must be whole, the ends are diluted, and bends without cracks. In the event that a plaque is found in the fuse of a green color, then in no case should you use a similar grenade. When transporting ammunition, it is necessary to protect them from blows, dampness, fire and dirt. If the pomegranates were damp, you can not dry them by the fire.

It is necessary to conduct systematic inspections. Strictly forbidden:

• Touch an unexploded shell.
• To disassemble a combat grenade.
• Try to remove the fault yourself.
• Transfer grenades without bags.

Analogues

Based on the French fragmentation and English models, thanks to which the garnet F1 appeared. The characteristics of this symbiosis were unique, compared to similar domestic explosive devices. This model is known for its nickname "lemon". In turn, copies of this grenade can be considered models from Chile (Mk2), China (Type 1), Taiwan and Poland (F-1).

The Soviet version was widely used throughout the world in the most famous and extensive military conflicts.

The uniqueness of the grenade F1

In fact, the fact that this type of ammunition did not need to be modified for a long time speaks volumes, in particular, that one of the best designs of that time is the F1 grenade. The characteristics of this device are so good, and the production is simple, that by the beginning of 1980 there was a huge stock of similar supplies in warehouses, all of which were in working order. At the moment, they remain, if not the most perfect type, then time-tested.

Perhaps, after a while, new, completely unique species will be created that will be completely deprived of all the shortcomings of old ammunition and will confidently take their places, but at the moment one of the best remains the grenade F1. Characteristics (a specialist's comment confirms this), new types of explosive devices have some advantage, but to call them the best replacement for old types of grenades, it is not yet possible.