Forensic medical examination of minors: nuances

The forensic examination is a procedure conducted in the framework of a civil or criminal case. It is appointed, if necessary, to obtain information from a specialist about the health status of the participant in production. Let's consider further features of procedure.

Classification

. In accordance with the law, the forensic examination of beatings is mandatory. It is appointed in the framework of criminal proceedings and is necessary to determine the extent, nature, causes of bodily injury. проводится, как правило, одним врачом. The forensic examination of beatings is carried out, as a rule, by one doctor. At the end of the examination, a conclusion is drawn. Examination of the corpse is also mandatory. During the study, the causes of death, the time of its onset, are clarified. Toxicological and chemical examinations are aimed at detecting certain compounds in human organs and fluids. Histological examination allows to determine pathological abnormalities at the microscopic level. необходима для установления родства, выявления антигенов и пр. В рамках производств по делам различной категории может возникнуть необходимость исследовать документацию учреждений здравоохранения. Biological forensic examination of living persons is necessary for establishing kinship, identifying antigens, etc. Within the framework of productions for cases of different categories, it may be necessary to examine the documentation of health facilities.

Forensic medical examination of minors: general information

This type of study is considered the most difficult in practice. This is due, first of all, to the psychological and age characteristics of the citizens surveyed. The legislation provides additional guarantees for the protection of interests and rights of subjects subject to such research.

Stages

включает в себя несколько стадий: The forensic examination of minors includes several stages:

1. Selection of a survey method and formulation of a procedure plan.
2. Familiarization of a specialist with family, household, social and other aspects of a teenager's life. Previously, the expert can talk with relatives, friends, teachers of the examined minor. During such conversations the specialist receives information about the features of the behavior, character, temperament of the adolescent.
3. Conversation with a minor. At this stage, the expert asks the teenager questions in a calm and friendly manner. The task of the expert is to find out the circumstances of the case, the consequences of the incident, the relationship of the minor to them. It is prohibited to use threats, psychological pressure, deception and other illegal methods.
4. Inspection. At this stage, the specialist examines the adolescent in accordance with the objectives of the proceedings.
5. Formulation of the conclusion. Having objectively evaluated the information received, the specialist systematizes them and draws conclusions. In conclusion, answers to the questions put to him by the court must be present.

Nuances

может назначаться в отношении детей не только школьного, но и дошкольного возраста. A juvenile forensic examination of minors can be assigned to children not only of school age but also of preschool age. Legislation, providing additional protection for the interests of persons under the age of 18, allows the involvement of psychologists and educators in the procedure. основывается на использовании специальных методов. The forensic medical examination of minors is based on the use of special methods. They are chosen in accordance with the age and mental state of the subject.

Personal aspects

In the study, the specialist should take into account that during adolescence, the socialization of the individual is actively occurring. The minor adapts to the order established in society. At the same time, the development of cognitive processes is intensively proceeding. Accordingly, often at such an age for children there is a wrong, false perception and assessment of what is happening around. As part of the study, the character, temperament of a teenager is studied: the level of aggression, leadership qualities, propensity to suggestibility, fantasy, apathy, closedness, infantilism, increased excitability,

Difficulties

In criminal practice, unfortunately, there are cases when assaults are committed on the sexual inviolability of citizens who have not reached the age of 18. In such situations, forensic medical examination is mandatory. However, it can be difficult to carry out. The fact is that a specialist for a survey needs to expose certain parts of the subject's body. The norms establish several rules for conducting such studies. First of all, the expert should be of the same gender as the subject. In addition, the educator or psychologist involved in the study should be able to understand and explain clearly to the adolescent the purpose of the study, to convince him that it will be safe.

Conclusion

Forensic expertise is a complex of organizational, legal, medical and psychological measures. When it is carried out, it is necessary to take into account the individual characteristics of the subject. This is especially important in the case when the research is carried out with regard to the adolescent. In practice, the question often arises, how much is forensic medical examination. It should be said that the price depends on various factors. Some studies are carried out free of charge, at the expense of budgetary funds. Non-governmental organizations that have a license to perform the procedure set a price. It can reach 12 thousand rubles.