Syntactic characteristics of the sentence

The syntactic characteristic of a sentence, otherwise called "parsing", is required to systematize its constructs, which helps to better understand its meaning and prevent errors in the formulation of punctuation. As a rule, such written work is required in secondary schools, since later it is held mentally at an automatic level.

First of all, the proposal is characterized by the purpose of the statement and emotional coloring. It can be narrative, interrogative or motivating; Exclamatory or non-exclamatory. Much of the information at this stage is taken from the final punctuation mark: the question mark unequivocally makes it clear that we have an interrogative sentence before us, and the point is that it is non-exclamatory. The causative can be recognized by the presence of the verb in the imperative mood.

Then follows the characteristic of the sentence by the number of bases: simple - if it is single, and complex - if there are several.

If the sentence was simple, we characterize it by the type of basis - one-part or two-part. In the first case, it is necessary to specify a category (name, definite or indefinite-personal, impersonal). In the second one, the complete sentence or incomplete.

After that, there is a characterization of the proposal for the presence of secondary members - it can be widespread or unresolved. Further, we indicate the presence of complicating structures - introductory words, references, participial and participial turns, homogeneous members, direct speech, isolated constructions. And in conclusion - we analyze all the members of the sentence, indicating the parts of speech with which they are expressed. We explain the arrangement of punctuation marks. The characteristic of the sentence, if it is simple, ends here.

The characteristic of a complex sentence differs somewhat from the scheme described above. After the second point, an indication is given of the type of connection between its parts - it can be union or non-union. When a union is found, we determine the type of offer - compound or complex.

After this, we separate each simple construction separately, as if they were separate proposals on the algorithm given above. Similarly, the composition, the presence of secondary members, the complication and so on are indicated. This completes the description of the proposal.

So, we see that any characteristic of a sentence ultimately reduces to an explanation of punctuation marks. That is, it is needed to conduct a systematic self-examination. In addition, this procedure helps to avoid common syntactic errors, in particular, incorrect coordination between parts of the sentence. The characteristic of the proposal in most cases is quite simple, but there is also a downside to the coin. The slightest error may lead to a misinterpretation of the proposal or to its incorrect writing. Of course, when working with ready-made examples, this is not so terrible. But in assignments, where the formulation of punctuation marks depends on the analysis of the sentence , one should try to approach the characterization as seriously as possible. And then you can avoid a lot of mistakes.