HealthDiseases and Conditions

Erythroplasia Keira: Causes, Symptoms, Diagnosis and Treatment Characteristics

Men are several times more likely to see a doctor with symptoms of disruption of the genitourinary system than the fair sex. The greatest danger is represented by precancerous conditions and malignant formations. To the first group of pathologies is erythroplasia of Keira. What it is?

Description of the disease

Under erythroplasia Keira is understood as a precancerous lesion of the mucous membranes. In medical practice, you can find another name for this pathology - the epithelium is velvety. In most cases, the disease affects the glans penis. Rarely, erythroplasia is diagnosed in the fair sex. In this case, the foci of the pathological process are the mucous membranes of the genitals, the oral cavity and the perianal region.

Erythroplasia Keira and Bowen's disease have many common features, but a number of specific features make it possible to isolate the first as an independent form of the tumor. Usually it is diagnosed in men in old age. For this disease there is a tendency to degeneration into squamous cell carcinoma (30% of all cases). Every fifth patient has metastases, which indicates an unfavorable prognosis.

Etiology of the disease

Representatives of the stronger sex older 55 years most often suffer from the manifestation of a pathology, such as erythroplasia Keira. The reasons for its development are still unknown. Physicians identify a whole group of factors that contribute to the appearance of symptoms of the disease. Among them we can mention:

  • Chronic balanoposthitis;
  • Infection with the papilloma virus;
  • genital herpes;
  • Periodic injury to the tissues of the genital organ;
  • Non-observance of elementary rules of personal hygiene.

Under the influence of one or at the same time several factors, Keira's erythroplasia develops.

Symptoms and the first signs of ailment

The main symptom of the disease is the appearance of a single lesion on the mucosa. In men, it is located on the head of the penis, in women - in the vulva. The lesion focus has smooth edges, has a reddish or brownish hue. Its surface is shiny, slightly velvety. With palpation, tenderness is possible. As the pathological process develops, small erosions occur at this site. In case of infection, the surface of the focus becomes yellow, a purulent secret appears.

Erythroplasia of Keira in the oral cavity is characterized by a specific clinical picture. The lesions are localized on the surface of the tongue and mucous lips. They have a reddish hue, clear boundaries. Consistency of the formations is mainly soft, small erosions are not excluded.

Methods of diagnosis

If there is a suspicion of erythroplasia, the doctor first studies the clinical manifestations of pathology, then proceeds to histological studies. The basis of diagnosis is a simple test, during which an application or a solution of toluidine blue is applied to the lesion site. The site of erythroplasia is dyed blue, while the usual erythema shade does not change.

Another diagnostic sign of the disease is a clear frame of the lesion. In inflammatory processes, they have less obvious contours, and the use of corticosteroids is accompanied by a rapid regression of the rashes.

An important stage in the examination of the patient is differential diagnosis. Symptomatology of the disease is similar in many respects to the manifestations of balanitis Zun. Therefore, it is impossible to make a definitive diagnosis, based only on clinical signs. In this case it is necessary to resort to the help of a histological / cytological study. The resulting picture, as a rule, is similar to Bowen's disease. On the sample taken there is a small number of atypical cells, focal hyperkeratosis.

The main difference from syphilitic chancre is the absence of thickening and regional scleradenitis. However, at the stage of transformation into squamous cell carcinoma of erythroplasia, Keira is accompanied by tissue tightening. Subsequent metastasis to the inguinal lymph nodes is their increase. To clarify the diagnosis, cytology is sometimes required. If there are no pale treponema in the fingerprint of the detachable , but the tumor cells clearly differ, erythroplasia is also confirmed.

Principles of treatment

Disease erythroplasia Keira implies a comprehensive approach to treatment, which consists of chemotherapy and the use of external means. The use of specific medications depends on the stage of the pathological process, determined on the basis of the results of histological testing.

In the invasive form of the disease, chemotherapeutic drugs are prescribed. Among them, the most effective is "Bloomycin". The drug is administered intramuscularly or intravenously, while taking precautions and avoiding contact with the skin surface. Single dose is 15 mg. For injections, each time a new solution is prepared, they must be repeated every other day. Given the condition of the patient, a second dose of the drug may be prescribed. The time period between treatment courses is at least two months.

External treatment of the disease is selected depending on the location of the focus. For example, the lesion of the head of the genital organ involves the use of liquid nitrogen. Before the beginning of cryotherapy, anesthetics are used. The procedures are repeated twice a week, and the entire course consists of five sessions. Fluorofuric or fluorouracil ointment is also used in the disease of erythroplasia of Keira. It is applied directly to the lesion. The course of treatment is 20 days.

In invasive form, when there is a pronounced reaction from the inguinal lymph nodes, it is recommended to perform X-ray therapy. The development of pathology on the genitals often requires surgical intervention. The operation involves the removal of the foreskin, which causes the disease to slow down or regress. The main indication for surgical intervention is the complicated erythroplasia of Keira.

Treatment with folk remedies

Before applying folk medicine recipes, you should consult a specialist. Self-medication of precancerous conditions can not only not give the desired effect, but also aggravate the course of the disease.

  • In this disease, folk healers are advised to use the grass of hare cabbage. It should be thinned out, and then applied to the affected areas.
  • You can use fresh yarrow herb juice (50 ml) and hemlock (25 ml). In the resulting mixture, add 100 ml of carrot juice. Store the product recommended in the refrigerator. Take it for medicinal purposes twice a day on a tablespoon, washing with kefir. The duration of the course of therapy is not more than one month.

Once again we note: resort to treatment according to the prescriptions of folk healers should only after consulting a doctor. Such therapy can not be considered an alternative to taking medication or surgical intervention.

Forecast for patients

Usually erythroplasia of Keira is characterized by a benign course. Germination of pathogenic cells and involvement of regional lymph nodes in the process is extremely rare. Transformation of the tumor into squamous cell carcinoma is usually accompanied by an unfavorable prognosis.

Preventive actions

Prevention of erythroplasia is the early detection of the disease, the conduct of appropriate therapy. Its main goal is to prevent the degeneration of pathology into squamous cell carcinoma. When there are suspicious spots on the penis, you should immediately consult a doctor. Carrying out of cytological research is a guarantee of timely detection of atypical elements.

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