Drill diameters for metal. Set of drills

In the arsenal of both a home master and a professional, the most necessary equipment must work. The quality of all devices and objects that are used in the work depends on its final result.

The various diameters of the metal drill allow the necessary manipulations with this material. How to choose such a tool and which one is most in demand will help to determine expert advice. Today, there are many interesting solutions in the processing of metals.

General information

A set of metal drills will allow the master to cut holes of different diameters in the material. When it is necessary to work with solid billets, higher demands are placed on the milling cutter.

This tool is selected in accordance with the working conditions. The metal cutter is designed for drilling of alloyed, unalloyed steel, non-ferrous metals, cast iron and various alloys.

The greater the hardness of the material, the greater the requirements for the quality of the tool. It is necessary to correctly select the diameters of the drill for metal.

The master must also pay attention to the sharpening of the mill and the material of its manufacture. Only with this approach will it be possible to select a really high-quality tool.

The structure of the drill

The usual device of the cutter assumes the presence of a cutting surface on it, a calibration and a shank for attaching it to the chuck.

There are certain requirements that must be met by drills for metal. GOST 19265-73 specifies the main characteristics and technology of manufacturing this tool.

To work with such a solid material as steel or cast iron, the shape of the cutter necessarily assumes the presence of spiral grooves. This allows you to remove the chips from the processing area.

At the end of the drill is the cutting department. It has sharp edges. Behind him is the calibration part. It ensures the smoothness of the edge of the hole and removes the drilled metal from the processing site.

The shank of the mill may have different shapes. It corresponds to the seat in the holder of a drill or perforator.

Varieties

The diameter of the drill, and accordingly, of the hole in the metal, depends on the variety of the cutter. They can be of the following types.

Screw varieties are most often found on sale and are known to masters for more than a decade. It is a rod made of different materials with screw grooves and a sharp end.

A screw mill with a conical shank is designed for machine tools. Its cutting edge is conical. A metal drill of this type is designed for large diameter holes in a thick layer.

For similar works crown grinders are also used. They have frequent teeth.

A relatively new drill is considered a step drill. It allows you to make holes of different diameters. Such a conical drill for metal is intended for sheet material.

Another popular type of cutter is a threaded tool.

Marking

The process of selecting a tool makes it easier to know the markings. It indicates the material, diameter, accuracy class of the product. If the letter P is indicated on it, it means that the milling cutter is made of high-speed steel.

When the letter is followed by a number, this indicates the quantitative content of the substance in the alloy. So, K6 means that there is a sixth part of cobalt in the general composition. This reinforces the drill bit.

The marking may be as follows: P6M5K5. The last substance in the alloy strengthens the tool.

Drill for metal 1 mm or 2 mm is not marked. Extensive information is only applied to large diameter products.

Foreign marking HSS-G speaks about the product, which is intended for medium-hardness types of metals. HSS-E can be used for stainless steel and acid-resistant alloys. The HSS-G Tin marking distinguishes the increased strength of the products.

Color of drill bit

Drills for metal, GOST of which is maintained at all domestic enterprises, can be of different colors. This indicates the type of strength. Therefore, when choosing the appropriate diameter of the cutter, the master should pay attention to this characteristic.

Products of gray color are the cheapest and short-lived. They are suitable for home use with a small amount of work.

The black color of the product indicates an additional hardening and strength of the cutter. A set of drills on metal of dull golden color makes it clear that a special technology was used in its production. It also adds extra strength.

A saturated golden shade is inherent in the most durable products. They are more durable than others and convenient to work with. The cost of such tools is the highest, but also the quality is appropriate.

For home use, cheap, less resistant products are enough. But professionals must choose high-quality, high-quality products.

Reviews of manufacturers

On sale are milling cutters of various diameters. Domestic and foreign producers are completing them in different ways.

The largest metal drill bit 10-13 mm is considered the norm. The diameter of the finest mill of the kit is 1-2 mm. But, in addition to this parameter, it is necessary to pay attention to the manufacturer.

Makita, Bosch products of foreign manufacture have proved well. Professional masters note a large number of substandard counterfeits among domestic brands. Therefore, little-known products without quality certificates are not worth the consumer's attention.

Well-proven Russian companies "Zubr", "Tomsk tool", "The matter of technology." They are cheaper than foreign analogues. For work at home, they are completely suitable. High cost only differ professional milling cutters for metal.

Recommendations of experts

When choosing the diameters of a drill for metal, it is necessary to take into account some expert recommendations. In order for the holes to be of good quality, with smooth edges, the cutter must be made of high-speed steel P18 with additives (tungsten, molybdenum , etc.).

Correspondingly to the type of material, it is necessary to select the angle of sharpening. For cast iron, it should be 118 degrees, for bronze - 140 degrees. Stainless steel corresponds to 120 degrees.

For beginners, it will be easier to purchase similar products in a specialized store. Here, the seller will be able to choose the right version of the tool, and will also provide quality certificates. This will guarantee the long-term use of the mill and the effectiveness of the work when using it.

Experts recommend not saving on the quality of equipment. It is better to choose the products of proven manufacturers. A low price often produces poor-quality products that will quickly wear out and will produce inaccurate holes.

Having familiarized with such characteristic, as diameter of a drill for metal, it is possible to choose the right tool in accordance with the type of material and the conditions of its processing. Guided by the recommendations of experts and user feedback, it will be easier to purchase quality cutters from proven manufacturers.