Creativity M.Yu. Lermontov. Famous poems by Lermontov

The 1930s became a difficult time in the history of the nineteenth century. The massacre of the Decembrists was replaced by a harsh reaction, which led to the spiritual decline of progressive minds. It was during this period that the loud voice of the young poet, M. Yu. Lermontov, who was named the worthy successor of Alexander Pushkin, sounded. Mikhail Yurievich's poems are an attempt to rethink history and reality, protest against the despotism established in the country, an angry reproach to compatriots who silently tolerated lawlessness and oppression of power.

Let us recall the most famous poems of Lermontov, forever inscribed his name in the history of Russian classical literature.

"Sail"

At the poet's name, first of all, a lyrical work written in Petersburg in 1832 is recalled. It was not an easy time for an eighteen-year-old boy - he just left Moscow University and was preparing for a new life, which, however, waited a little pleasant. The confusion and sense of uncertainty aroused in the poet's soul the lines: "The lonely white sail grows white ..." ... It is difficult to find a person who would not have known these famous poems of Lermontov. Usually they are perceived as the author's reflections on his future life. In each of the three stanzas, the first two verses, containing a landscape sketch, are replaced by a description of the psychological state of the lyric hero. And now the sea is already associated with human life, and the sail on its surface - with a rebellious soul. The leading motive of the poem is the loneliness of the lyrical hero, the salvation from which he tries to find in the struggle, like a sail, fighting with the elements. But this attempt is unsuccessful - the reason for such a state lies inside the person himself.

Years will pass, but the poet's soul will never find peace, always remaining rebellious and lonely, as in his youth.

"Death of poet"

Glory and exile - this is what the young poet brought in 1937 to his most famous poems. Mikhail Lermontov for a few days learned the whole advanced part of Russia as a man who dared to challenge the existing authorities. And in court circles, he immediately became the author of "shameless free-thinking" and until the end of his life was under close scrutiny of the censorship and the emperor (he never allowed to award the "rebel" deserved in battle awards).

The beginning of the poem was written the very next day after the duel of Pushkin. And another day - immediately after the death of the poet - it broke up in the lists throughout Petersburg. After the trial of Dantes, a sequel appeared that began the famous poems - Lermontov for "The Death of the Poet" was exiled to the Caucasus - "And you, arrogant descendants ...".

The historical and social significance of this work was determined primarily by the fact that in it the author attempted to comprehend the tragic fate of Pushkin as a poet in general. He laid the blame for the genius's death on society, directly calling Dantes "murderer", and "new" aristocrats - "arrogant" and "mean". At the court could not tolerate the most famous poems Lermontov: "And you do not wash away all your blood Poet righteous blood!". Mikhail Yurievich was first arrested and then sent to the Caucasus to the active army.

"Clouds"

This poem, referring to the late period in the poet's work, has its own prehistory. In 1840, before the next departure to the Caucasus, M. Lermontov stood at the window in the Petersburg house of the Karamzins and watched the clouds that floated across the sky. The sight of the picture made the poet think about his own destiny. Very soon he must leave Petersburg, his dear people. That is why the main device in the work, including Lermontov's famous poems: "Heavenly clouds, eternal wanderers ..." - became a comparison. His own destiny was seen by the poet as unsettled and lonely as these heavenly bodies. Hence the sense of exile and the feeling of forever broken connection with the homeland. A similar state, by the way, was typical of many of Lermontov's contemporaries, who grew up in the difficult 30s and 40s.

But the lyrical hero can not fully identify himself with cold and indifferent clouds. In contrast, they inherent a sense of longing for their homeland, which can not be silenced. In this is seen the philosophical overtones: nature is free, and the destiny of the disgraced poet depends entirely on the decision of the authorities.

"K ***" ("I will not humiliate myself before you ...")

Lermontov also has heartfelt lines about love. Several of them are devoted to NF Ivanova, whom Mikhail Yurievich got carried away in his youth. However, the girl did not appreciate the sincere feelings of the young man, and this forever undermined his faith in women. The result of unrequited love was the poem "K ***", written in 1832. Its author opposes a pure sincere feeling of insidiousness and pretense, and the hope for happiness is a deep disappointment. These are Lermontov's poems about love. Famous lines: "How to know, perhaps those moments that have flowed at your feet, I took away from inspiration!" In many ways they determined the life position of the poet, who devoted himself entirely to creativity.

"Lermontov's meditation is his poetry"

So said about the work of Mikhail Yurievich A. Herzen. During his short life the poet wrote more than four hundred lyrical poems. This and Borodino, and the Duma, and "I'm leaving alone for the road," and "Prayer" ... It is difficult to choose one thing, because each of them worthy of adding to the list of the best poetic works of Russian literature.